Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders

587 Pages·2013·7.67 MB·English

by  Deirdre S. Davis

Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function
and Alcohol Related Disorders

Changhai Cui Lindsey Grandison
●
Antonio Noronha
Editors
Neural-Immune Interactions
in Brain Function
and Alcohol Related
Disorders
Editors
Changhai Cui Lindsey Grandison
Division of Neuroscience and Behavior Division of Neuroscience and Behavior
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse National Institute on Alcohol Abuse
and Alcoholism and Alcoholism
National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, USA Bethesda, MD, USA
Antonio Noronha
Division of Neuroscience and Behavior
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse
and Alcoholism
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, USA
ISBN 978-1-4614-4728-3 ISBN 978-1-4614-4729-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-4729-0
Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2012947993
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Preface
Recent studies have provided clear evidence on the role of neural–immune interactions
in normal brain function and neuropathological conditions. Neuroimmune factors,
which play an essential role in neuroin fl ammatory response, have been implicated
in the regulation of neuronal function and plasticity. Thus, neural–immune interac-
tions provide a new framework for understanding the role of the neuroimmune sys-
tem in normal brain function, neurodevelopment, and a variety of neurological
disorders. These advances have a far-reaching impact on many areas of neurosci-
ence, including alcohol research. Studies using human alcoholic brains, gene knock-
out mice, and gene expression pro fi ling have established a clear link between
alcoholism and an altered neuroimmune pro fi le. This book integrates emerging
knowledge on neural–immune interactions with key discoveries in alcohol research
and provides a comprehensive overview of neural–immune interactions in brain
function and behavior associated with alcohol use disorders.
This book addresses this rapidly developing area of research. It contains three
main sections. Section I focuses on the basics of the neuroimmune system and the
neuroimmunological alterations that are directly relevant to alcoholism. It integrates
the traditional role of the neuroimmune system with emerging novel functions of
neuroimmune factors in the brain. This section highlights recent advances in micro-
glia function, neuron–glia communication, as well as neural–immune interactions
in synaptic function, stress, mood disorder, and neuroAIDS. It also provides a chap-
ter on the clinical detection of brain–immune interactions using neuroimaging
approaches. Section I sets the foundation for understanding alcohol and neuroim-
mune interactions, which are primarily presented in the second section. Section II
provides a detailed overview of the impact of alcohol exposure on the neuroimmune
system as well as the contribution of neural–immune interactions to alcohol use
disorders. It highlights several key research discoveries in this area in the context of
neuroimmune signaling, neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, alcohol drinking
behavior, aging, HPA axis, and neuroAIDS. Section II also discusses the therapeutic
potential of targeting neuroimmune modulation for the treatment of alcoholism
and substance use. Section III provides a summary and future research directions by
the book editors. Collectively, these three sections review exciting advances in
v
vvii Preface
neuroimmune research and summarize current understanding of alcohol and
neuroimmune interactions.
While this book focuses on neural–immune interactions in areas directly related
to alcohol use disorders, it is not intended to be all inclusive. Several areas, includ-
ing sleep disorders, pain, and cholinergic anti-in fl ammatory pathways, are not cov-
ered as independent chapters but brie fl y mentioned in the text. The close relevance
of these topics to neural–immune interactions and alcohol use disorders warrants
future discussion and more research efforts.
This book will appeal to scientists, students, and educators who are interested in
cross disciplinary topics, particularly those in the fi elds of alcohol use disorders,
addiction, neuroimmunology, neuroimmune pharmacology, neuropsychopharma-
cology, and neuroAIDS. Readers will bene fi t from cutting-edge insights provided
by outstanding, active researchers in the fi elds of neural–immune interactions and
alcohol use disorders. We would like to thank all the scientists who have contributed
chapters to this book and those who have provided constructive comments and
suggestions for the manuscripts.
Bethesda, MD, USA Changhai Cui
Lindsey Grandison
Antonio Noronha
Contents
Section I Neural-Immune Interactions
1 An Introduction to CNS-Resident Microglia: Definitions,
Assays, and Functional Roles in Health and Disease ........................... 3
Deirdre S. Davis and Monica J. Carson
2 Astrocyte–Neuron Communications ..................................................... 31
Sally R. McIver, Mathilde Faideau, and Philip G. Haydon
3 Neuroimmune Modulation of Synaptic Function ................................ 65
Horia Pribiag and David Stellwagen
4 Neuroimaging and Clinical Studies on Brain–Immune
Interactions .............................................................................................. 95
Jonas Hannestad
5 Mechanisms of Stress-Dependent Neuroinflammation
and Their Implications for Understanding Consequences
of Alcohol Exposure ................................................................................ 133
Terrence Deak, Anny Okrainets, and Tamara L. Doremus-Fitzwater
6 Mood Disorders and Immunity ............................................................. 167
Adam K. Walker, Robert Dantzer, and Keith W. Kelley
7 Neuroimmune Cross Talk and HIV-Associated
Neurocognitive Disorders ....................................................................... 211
JoEllyn McMillan and Howard E. Gendelman
vii
viii Contents
Section II Alcohol and Neuroimmune Interactions
8 Innate Immune Signaling and Alcoholism ............................................ 251
Ryan P. Vetreno and Fulton T. Crews
9 Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Alcohol-Induced
Neuroinflammation and Behavioral Dysfunctions .................................. 279
Consuelo Guerri and María Pascual
10 Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Impact
on Neuroendocrine–Neuroimmune Networks ...................................... 307
Tamara Bodnar and Joanne Weinberg
11 Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Glia and Their Interplay
with Alcohol Exposure Across the Lifespan ......................................... 359
Paul D. Drew and Cynthia J.M. Kane
12 Alcohol–Chemokine Interaction and Neurotransmission ................... 387
Donna L. Gruol
13 Neuroimmune Genes and Alcohol Drinking Behavior ........................ 425
R. Adron Harris and Yuri A. Blednov
14 Immune Responses in HIV Infection, Alcoholism,
and Aging: A Neuroimaging Perspective .............................................. 441
N.M. Zahr, A. Manning-Bog, C. Alt, E.V. Sullivan,
and A. Pfefferbaum
15 Effects of Morphine and Alcohol on the Hypothalamic–
Pituitary–Adrenal Axis, Immunity, and Cognitive Behavior .............. 477
Sulie L. Chang and Xiangqian Liu
16 Alcohol Abuse, HIV-1, and Hepatitis C Infection ................................ 509
Yuri Persidsky, Wen-Zhe Ho, Xu Wang, and Raghava Potula
17 Therapeutic Strategies to Treat Alcohol-Related Disorders
Targeting Central Immune Signaling ................................................... 535
Yue Wu and Mark R. Hutchinson
Section III Summary
18 Alcohol and the Neuroimmune Response: Current Status
and Future Directions ............................................................................. 563
Lindsey Grandison, Changhai Cui, and Antonio Noronha
Index ................................................................................................................. 573
Section I
Neural-Immune Interactions