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NetworkFunctionVirtualization
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Network Function Virtualization
ConceptsandApplicabilityin5GNetworks
YingZhang
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Thiseditionfirstpublished2018
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Contents
ListofFigures ix
ListofTables xii
Preface xiii
ListofAbbreviationandAcronyms xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Cloud-Enabled5G:SDNandNFV 3
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1.1.1 Benefits 6
1.1.2 Challenges 7
1.2 SupportingTechnologies 8
1.2.1 CloudComputing 8
1.2.2 NetworkVirtualization 9
1.2.3 NetworkFunctionsVirtualization 9
1.2.4 Software-DefinedNetworking 10
1.3 OutlineofChapters 10
2 VirtualizationandCloudComputing 13
2.1 CloudComputing 13
2.1.1 Architecture 13
2.1.2 TypesofClouds 15
2.1.3 Challenges 16
2.2 HostVirtualization 18
2.2.1 Overview 18
2.2.1.1 Benefits 19
2.2.1.2 UseCases 19
2.2.2 VirtualizationTechniques 20
2.2.2.1 Hardware-LevelVirtualization 20
2.2.2.2 OtherVirtualizationTechniques 21
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2.2.3 Containers 21
2.3 NetworkVirtualization 22
2.3.1 OverlayNetworks 24
2.3.2 VirtualPrivateNetwork 24
2.3.3 VirtualSharingNetworks 27
2.3.4 Switch-BasedSDNVirtualization 29
2.3.5 Host-BasedNetworkVirtualization 31
2.4 WirelessVirtualization 32
2.5 Summary 36
3 NetworkFunctionVirtualization 37
3.1 NFVArchitecture 38
3.2 NFVUseCasesandExamples 42
3.3 NFVChallenges 45
3.4 NFVOrchestration 46
3.4.1 NFVPerformanceCharacterization 47
3.4.2 NFVPerformanceImprovements 49
3.5 NFModeling 50
3.5.1 Source-Code-BasedModeling 52
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3.5.1.1 Background 52
3.5.1.2 ModelingExample 53
3.5.1.3 Models 55
3.5.1.4 ModelExtractionOverview 56
3.5.2 BlackBoxModeling 58
3.5.3 ModelingApplications 60
3.6 VNFPlacement 61
3.7 Summary 65
4 Software-DefinedNetworksPrinciplesand
Applications 67
4.1 SDNOverview 68
4.1.1 Motivations 68
4.1.2 Architecture 69
4.1.2.1 SeparationofControlandDataPlane 69
4.1.2.2 NorthboundOpenAPIs 71
4.1.2.3 SouthboundControl/DataPlaneProtocol 71
4.1.2.4 Applications 72
4.1.3 UseCases 72
4.2 SDNController 73
4.2.1 ControllerDeploymentChoices 75
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4.2.2 AppsonSDNController 77
4.3 SDNDataPlane 78
4.4 SDNManagement 80
4.4.1 AnomalyDetection 80
4.4.2 NetworkMeasurement 82
4.4.3 FailureRecovery 84
4.4.4 ControllerPlacement 86
4.4.4.1 ASpecialStudy:ControllertoSwitchConnectivity 89
4.4.4.2 NodeVersusLinkFailure 94
4.4.4.3 DownstreamVersusUpstreamNodes 95
4.5 SDNSecurityAttackPrevention 96
4.5.1 SENSSArchitecture 98
4.5.2 SENSSUses 100
4.5.2.1 DDoS 100
4.5.2.2 PrefixHijacking 101
4.6 SDNTrafficEngineering 101
4.6.1 TEArchitectureandSolutionOverview 103
4.6.1.1 HierarchicalControlStructure 103
4.6.1.2 ControlNodeDesign 104
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4.6.1.3 ScalabilityBenefit 105
4.6.2 DesignChallenges 105
4.6.3 TESolutionOverview 106
4.7 Summary 107
5 SDNandNFVin5G 109
5.1 5GOverview 110
5.1.1 Architecture 110
5.2 ServiceFunctionChaining 112
5.2.1 OpenFlow-BasedSFCSolution 114
5.2.1.1 RepresentDirectionswithPortTypes 118
5.2.1.2 RealizePolicieswithMultipleForwardingTables 119
5.2.1.3 HandleDynamicswiththeMicroflowTable 120
5.2.1.4 EncodeServiceChainingwithMetadata 121
5.2.1.5 SummaryofDataplaneFunctions 122
5.2.2 SFCMonitoring 122
5.2.2.1 HandlingMultipleMonitoringTasks 125
5.2.3 OpticalSFC 126
5.2.3.1 ServicePlacementinOpticalNFV 129
5.2.4 VerificationofServiceFunctionChaining 132
5.3 CoreNetworkFunctionsVirtualization:vEPC 135
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5.3.1 ExistingSolutionsProblems 137
5.3.2 VirtualizationandCloud-AssistedPC 138
5.4 VirtualizedCustomerPremisesEquipment 141
5.4.1 Requirements 142
5.4.2 Design 144
5.5 Summary 146
6 OpenSourceandResearchActivities 147
6.1 OpenSourceInitiatives 148
6.1.1 OpenStack 148
6.1.2 OpenDayLight 150
6.1.3 OPNFV 152
6.1.4 CORD:CentralOfficeRe-architectedasa
DataCenter 154
6.2 NFVResearchProblems 155
6.3 Summary 156
References 157
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Index 167
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