Table Of ContentSECURITY, CONFLICT AND COOPERATION
IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
NATO in the Post-Cold War Era
Continuity and Transformation
Edited by
massimo de leonardis
Security, Conflict and Cooperation
in the Contemporary World
Series Editors
Effie G. H. Pedaliu, LSE Ideas, London, UK
John W. Young, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
The Palgrave Macmillan series, Security, Conflict and Cooperation in the
Contemporary World aims to make a significant contribution to academic
and policy debates on international history, war and diplomacy since
1900. It evolved from the series Global Conflict and Security edited
by Professor Saki Ruth Dockrill. The current series welcomes proposals
that offer innovative historical perspectives, based on archival evidence
and promoting an empirical understanding of economic and political
cooperation, conflict and security, peace-making, diplomacy, humanitarian
intervention, nation-building, intelligence, terrorism, the influence of
ideology and religion on international relations, as well as the work of
international organisations and non-governmental organisations.
Massimo de Leonardis
Editor
NATO
in the Post-Cold War
Era
Continuity and Transformation
Editor
Massimo de Leonardis
Faculty of Political and Social
Sciences
Catholic University of the Sacred
Heart
Milan, Italy
ISSN 2731-6807 ISSN 2731-6815 (electronic)
Security, Conflict and Cooperation in the Contemporary World
ISBN 978-3-031-06062-5 ISBN 978-3-031-06063-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06063-2
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Chapters 1 and 2 are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). For further details
see license information in the chapters.
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights
of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc.
in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such
names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for
general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and informa-
tion in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither
the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with
respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been
made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps
and institutional affiliations.
Cover photo by maxxyustas
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature
Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Acknowledgments
My collaboration in the field of Atlantic studies with most of the
authors commenced many years ago and I am most grateful to them
for contributing to this volume. Dr. Davide Borsani was a precious
collaborator in all the stages of this endeavour. Simone Zuccarelli much
contributed to the final editing of the manuscript.
Dr. Effie Pedaliu deserves my warm gratitude for encouraging me to
present the project of this volume for publication in the series of which she
is co-editor. Lucy Kidwell followed with great dedication and competence
all the phases bringing to the Publisher’s acceptance of the volume, while
Eliana Rangel took attentive care of the publication.
It is impossible to mention all the archivists, librarians, scholars, diplo-
mats, NATO officials, and top military who over the years contributed
with their cooperation and advice to the studies on the Atlantic Alliance
on which this volume is based.
My Alma Mater, the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan,
during many decades offered me an ideal place for doing research and
financed many of my initiatives. Therefore, I am glad to acknowledge that
the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore contributed the largest amount
to the funding of this research project and to the publication in open
access of some of its results. I also thank the Comitato Atlantico Italiano
for another important financial contribution to the publication in open
access.
v
Praise for NATO in the Post-Cold
War Era
“Public awareness of the nature and history of NATO is very limited. This
volume brings the organisation, its role, and its future fully into focus. It
is a timely reminder in a world of growing dangers of just how significant
the alliance still is. It deserves a wide readership on both sides of the
Atlantic.”
—Richard Overy, Honorary Research Professor, University of Exeter, UK
“NATO in the Post-Cold War Era: Continuity and Transformation
confirms Prof. de Leonardis as one of the most eminent scholars on
strategic issues and the North Atlantic Alliance. The essays he edited
tackle the current and future challenges for NATO from a variety of
key political, historic and geostrategic viewpoints. A must, for anybody
involved, or interested in strategic, security, defense policies.”
—Claudio Bisogniero, NATO Deputy Secretary General 2007–2012,
Italian Ambassador to Washington 2012–2016, Italian Permanent
Representative to the North Atlantic Council 2016–2019
“In this important volume international experts explain NATO’s response
to contemporary security challenges in the context of the development of
the alliance since its foundation seventy years ago. These essays show how
NATO is adapting from a coalition with a European focus to one with
global reach, able to respond to the varied range of threats in Eastern
vii
viii PRAISEFORNATOINTHEPOST-COLDWARERA
and Southern Europe, the Middle East and East Asia that have emerged
in the early twenty-first century.”
—Prof. William Philpott, Co-director, School of
Security Studies research theme in military and political history,
Department of War Studies King’s College London, UK
“A tremendously important collection for our understanding of NATO’s
present situation and possible development, this volume provides the
necessary history, both a deep history back to 1945 and a recent history
concentrating on the flux in international relations from 1989. The
multi-faceted characteristics and potential of NATO emerges clearly.”
—Prof. Jeremy Black, University of Exeter. Senior fellow of the Center for
the Study of America and the West, Foreign Policy Research Institute in
Philadelphia. Author of Military Strategy, a Global History, UK
“Massimo de Leonardis has assembled an impressive cohort of colleagues
who have produced an equally impressive set of focused studies on the
central issues that have faced, and that will continue to face, the Atlantic
alliance. Its value inheres not only in the sterling research produced by the
de Leonardis team, but also in the intriguing “Mediterranean” perspec-
tive of most of the analysts – a perspective often absent in works on the
transatlantic alliance. This book will be of value to scholars as well as to
policymakers in various NATO member states, as the alliance grapples
with the dilemmas of developing a new strategic concept to guide it in
coming years. It will be a “must read” for anyone seeking to understand
NATO’s origins, evolution, and future challenges.”
—David G. Haglund, Professor of Political Studies, Queen’s University,
Canada
Contents
1 Introduction: NATO in Its Seventh
Decade—A Reappraisal 1
Massimo de Leonardis
2 The Historical Roots of the Atlantic Alliance Between
Values and Interests 23
Massimo de Leonardis
3 A Troublesome Relationship: The US Grand Strategy
and NATO 45
Gianluca Pastori
4 Russia-NATO-US: From Detente to Impossible
Cooperation 71
Francesco Randazzo
5 The Anglo-American Special Relationship and NATO:
The Past and the Present as Indicators of What Might
Come Next? 89
Alan P. Dobson
6 The Role of NATO in European Integration 109
Luca Ratti and Alessandro Leonardi
ix
x CONTENTS
7 The Origins of the Post-Cold War NATO
Enlargement: Stability Projection and Factor of Crisis 133
Davide Borsani
8 NATO’s Partnerships in the Mediterranean
and the Greater Middle East 155
Antonio Marquina Barrio
9 NATO and the Impact of the Long War
in Afghanistan: Avoiding a Wrong Memory About
ISAF 181
Andrea Carati
10 NATO from the Balkans to Libya: Dynamics
and Renewal of a Wilsonian Alliance 199
Jean-Sylvestre Mongrenier
11 NATO and the Fight Against International Terrorism 213
Kris Quanten
12 How Strong Is NATO’s Arm: Commands, Cash,
Capabilities and Contributions 231
Alessandro Marrone
13 Conclusion: NATO Between Mere Survival
and Strategic Relaunching 261
Massimo de Leonardis
Index of Names 271
