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aZ5076.A1U54
Native Anjiericans:
A
Resource Guide
National
Agricultural
Library
Bibliographies
and Literature
ofAgriculture
. Number 121
\
\
United States Native Americans:
Department of
Agriculture A
Resource Guide
National
Agricultural
Library
Bibliographies Compiled by
and Literature
Laura Nauta
ofAgriculture
Number 121 in collaboration with
August 1992 Shirley King Evans
Published under the auspices of the National
Agricultural Library's Equal Employment Opportunity
Special Emphasis Programs in observance of
Native American Heritage Month, November 1992.
EEC Special Emphasis Programs
National Agricultural Library
Beltsvllle, Maryland
1992
Cataloging-in-publication information
Nauta, Laura R.
wNiatthivSehiArmleeryiKcianngs E:vaanrse.so-u-rcBeeltgsuviidlele,/ cMoDmpileEdEbOySLpaecuiraalNEamupthaas;iisn Pcroollgarbaomrsa,tion
:
National Agricultural Library, 1992.
(Bibliographies and literature of agriculture no. 121)
;
1. Indians of North America - United States. 2. Indians of North America —
United States -- Bibliographies. I. Evans, Shirley King. II. Title. III. Series.
aZ5076.AlU54 no.l21
The cover design is a pen-and-ink drawing of Indian utensils and arms drawn by Karl Bodmer during
the years 1832-1834. Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuweid, a prince-city that has become part of
Germany, visited North America during that period; and, to illustrate Maximilian's written account of
the trip, a young Swiss artist, Karl Bodmer, accompanied him to provide an accurate visual record of
the expedition. Karl Bodmer's drawings now provide documentary evidence of America's wilderness
frontier for historians, anthropologists, and naturalists.
11
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction v
Using this Resource Guide vii
Document Delivery Services to Individuals ix
Bibliography
Agricultural Techniques and Ethnobotany 1
Culture and Socioeconomics 11
Food and Nutrition 25
Government Relations and History 34
Directory of Native American Organizations 46
Colleges and Universities
Bureau ofIndian Affairs Controlled College 52
Colleges and Universities Offering Specialized
Studies 52
Tribally Controlled Community Colleges 53
Sources for General Information 55
Centerfold ofresource guide contains a map of American Indian reservations.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The following office and staff assisted in the preparation ofthis guide:
The Public Information Office, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior
provided a map of current American Indian reservations, list of Native American colleges and
universities, and general background information.
Susan Agel, Rose Broome, John Forbes, Kathleen Hayes, Dolores Houchens, Kurt Kuss,
Ellen Mann, Sharon Middleton, Pamela Mitchell, Jannette Shuford-Hall, Joseph Swab,
Marlene Taylor, Patricia Wheeler, Janet Wright, and Judith Zidar.
Note: Compilation and publication of the resources listed in this guide do not imply endorsement by
the National Agricultural Library or the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
iv
INTRODUCTION
Populations
The U.S. Census Bureau counts as Native American anyone who so declares himself or herself as
such. No single Federal or tribal criteria establishes a person's identity as a Native American.
There are 510 federally-recognized tribes in the United States, including about 200 village groups in
Alaska.' The U.S. Census Bureau estimated that nearly 2 million Native Americans lived in the
United States in 1990.^ This included 1,878,285 American Indians, 57,152 Eskimos, and 23,797
Aleuts.'
According to the 1990 statistics from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department ofthe Interior,
almost 950,000 individuals ofthis total population lived on or adjacent to the 278 Federal Indian
reservations, pueblos, rancherias, and communities. These reservations range from over 16 million
A
acres to 100 acres, and the local governing authority on each reservation is the tribal government.
total of 56.2 million acres of land are held in trust by the United States Government for various
Indian tribes and individuals. Much ofthis land is reservation land; however, not all reservation land
is trust land.
Federal Sources of Support
Membership in a particular tribe requires meeting its membership rules, and the amount ofblood
quantum needed varies—some tribes require a person to have only a trace of Indian blood of that tribe
while others require as much as one-half.
These requirements may affect the services received by tribal members. For instance, the Bureau of
Indian Affairs primarily administers programs for members of federally-recognized tribes who live on
or near reservations. Eligibility for the Bureau's services requires that individuals be members of a
tribe recognized by the Federal Government and that they be at least one-fourth Native American
ancestry.
The primary Federal health resource for Native Americans is the Indian Health Service (IHS), Public
Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. IHS operates hospitals and clinics
on reservations and provides health-related services for Native American communities.
Languages
Today, some 250 tribal languages are still spoken: some by only a few individuals and others by
many. Most Native Americans now use English as their first language to communicate with nontribal
members. For many, however, it is a second language.
^The term "federally-recognized" means these tribes and groups
have a special, legal relationship with the U.S. Government and its
agent, the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
^American Indians today the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs,
/
1991. p. 9.
^Ibid.
V
Native Americans A Resource Guide
:
This publication is a comprehensive catalog of materials in the National Agricultural Library's
collection about Native Americans. The bibliographic citations represent historical and current
literature from the 1862-1986 card catalogs and NAL's electronic database, AGRICOLA.
The guide also includes a listing of organizations representing Native Americans; community colleges
governed by tribes; and colleges and universities offering studies on American Indians, Native
Americans, and Alaska Natives. Museums and libraries for general information are included as well.
vi
