Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nanomaterials (2-volume set)

420 Pages·2020·139.427 MB·English

by  David Schmool

Nanotechnologies:
The Physics of Nanomaterials
Volume I
The Physics of Surfaces and
Nanof abrication Techniques

Nanotechnologies:<br/>
The Physics of Nanomaterials
Volume I<br/>
The Physics of Surfaces and
Nanofabrication Techniques
David S. Schmool
First edition published [2 021]
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Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication<br/>
Title: Nanotechnologies : the physics of nanomaterials, volume I : the physics of surfaces and nanofabrication techniques. /<br/>
David S. Schmool.<br/>
Names: Schmool, D. S. (David S.), author.<br/>
Description: Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Contents: Volume I. The physics of surfaces and
nanofabrication techniques.<br/>
Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20200297066 | Canadiana (ebook) 20200297120 | ISBN 9781771889476 (set) |<br/>
ISBN 9781771889483 (v. I; hardcover) | ISBN 9781003100218 (v. I; ebook)<br/>
Subjects: LCSH: Nanotechnology. | LCSH: Nanostructured materials. | LCSH: Nanoscience. | LCSH: Physics.<br/>
Classification: LCC QC176.8.N35 S36 2DDC 021 | 620/.5—dc23
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
CIP data on file with US Library of Congress
Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nano materials, 2 Volume (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-77188-947-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-00310-019-5 (ebk)
Nanotechnologies: The Physics of Nano materials, Volume I
ISBN: 978-1-77188-948-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-00310-021-8 (ebk)
Dedication
For Ulysse

About the Author
David Schmool PhD, is a former Director of the Groupe d’Etude de la
,
Matière Condensée GEMaC at CNRS (UMR 8635) and is currently Professor
in Physics at the Universite de Versailles/Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
and Université Paris-Saclay, France. Prior to this he has held teaching and
research positions at the University of Perpignan/Laboratoire PROMES -
CNRS, Perpignan, France; University of Porto, Portugal, University of the
Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain; Istituto IMEM, Parma, Italy; University of
Exeter, UK and University of Liverpool, UK. David Schmool has also been
a visiting fellow to several institutions, including Simon Fraser University
(Canada), the University of Versailles (France), the University of Duisburg-
Essen (Germany), and the University of Glasgow (UK). He obtained his
DPhil in Physics from the University of York in 1994. In addition to his
research experience, he has lectured on physics since 2000 on a broad range
of subjects. He has over 25 years of research and teaching experience in
areas related to nanosciences and nanotechnologies. He has also developed
master’s and PhD level courses in nanotechnologies and related subjects,
which he has also taught. He has published widely, including over 80 journal
papers, 12 book chapters, a textbook and has given many conference
presentations, including 20 invited talks and over 20 invited seminars.

Contents
About the Authovrii
Prefacexv
1. Introduction to Nanotechnologies1
1.1 What is Nanoscience and Why Are We So Interested
in It? 1
1.2 Modification of Physical Properties6
1.3 Laws of Scaling in Physics12
1.4M ethodologies: Bottom-Up/Top-Down13
1.5 The Study of Nanomaterials14
1.6 Problems15
PART I. THE BASICS: SURFACE SCIENCE, THIN FILMS,
AND SURFACE ANALYSIS19
2. Vacuum Science and Technolog2y1
2.1 Introduction and Orders of Magnitude21
P2.h2 ysical Principles of the Vacuu2m3
T2.2h.1e Kinetic Theory of Gases23
T2.2h.2e Maxwell-Boltzmann Velocity Distribution 25
2.2.3 Rate of Incidence27
2.2.4 Mean Free Pat2h8
2.3 Pumping and Gas Flo3w0
T2h.4e Evacuation Process35
2.5 Production of Vacua: Vacuum Pumps38
2.5.1 Primary (Backing) Pumps41