NANOSIL OLAE NANOMADE AOP New Platforms Research Support Teams Collaborations Prizes ...

80 Pages·2017·7.99 MB·English

6 Annual
1
Report
0
2
NANOSIL
OLAE
NANOMADE
AOP
LPICM
New Platforms Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces
et des Couches Minces
Research
Support Teams
Collaborations
Prizes
& Distinctions
LPICM
Publications

IN A FEW WORDS
2016 has been another intense
2016 has been another intense year at
year at LPICM, with 6 new PhD
LPICM, with 6 new PhD students joining
the lastbu, d2e5n itnst ejronisn, iangn d tnheew lpabro, je2c5ts .
In painrtticerunlas,r , atnhde lnaeuwn cphrionjge cotsf . a fiInrs t
world class in-situ TEM (NanoMax)
parDcular, the launching of a
and of a new platform for reliability
first world class in-situ TEM
tests on nanosensors (Platine).
(NanoMax) and of a new
The prelasMeoarrmch foarc rteivliitaiebsil itiyn teNsatsn ooSni l,
NanonManaoDsee,n sOorLsA (EP laaDnnde ).A OP have
kept innovation at high level with
about 100 publications, 6 patents,
and a book on polarimetry. Many
The research acDviDes in NanoSil, NanoMaDe, OLAE and AOP have kept
new projects have been launched, in
innovaDon at high level with about 100 publicaDons, 6 patents, and a book
particular PERSIL on tandem silicon/
on polarimetry. Many new projects havep ebreoevns klaiteu nscohlaerd c, einll sp ianrvDoclvuilnagr PNEaRnSoILS il
Pereo nRO tCaAn di Ceamb asrirloiccoasn, /Dpireecrtoovr sokf LitPeIC sMolar cells ainnvdo lOviLnAgE N teanaomSsil. and OLAE teams.

The perspectives are bright in plasma processes thanks to tailored voltage
The perspecDves are bright in plasma processes thanks to tailored voltage
waveforms, ab initio molecular dynamics applied to silicon clusters and 2D
waveforms, ab iniDo molecular dynamics applied to silicon clusters and 2D
materials, hybrid carbon nanotubes and silicon nanoparticles for Li-ion batteries,
funmcatitoenraialilzse, dh cyabrrbido nc anrabnoont unbaenso fotur bseesn saonrsd, thsieli criosen onf apneoropvasrkDitceles sfo rf osor laLir- cioenll s
witbha aX enreiews , IPVfuFn fcuDnodneadli zperdo jeccatr, baonnd lnaasnt obtuutb neos t lfeoar st,s ethneso firrss,t inth-veiv or icsea ncoef r
diagnostics based on Mueller matrix polarimetry. Moreover, collaborations
perovskites for solar cells with a new IPVF funded project, and last but not
have expanded, in particular with the opening of an international laboratory in
least, the first in-vivo cancer diagnosDcs based on Mueller matrix
collaboration with NAIST.
polarimetry. Moreover, collaboraDons have expanded, in parDcular with the
All otpheisn iwnogu oldf anno itn tbeer npaoDsosniballe l awbiothraotuotr yth ine ccoollnasbtaornat Dsounp wpoitrht NfroAmIS To. ur support
tea ms. BEER, G2I and Administration are the pillars on which the research can
relay and expand. Thank you for your constant support.
All this would not be possible without the constant support from our
support teams. BEER, G2I and AdministraDon are the pillars on which the
But let’s move to the report and enjoy a brief summary of the exciting research
research can relay and expand. Thank you for your constant support.
going on at LPICM.

But let’s move to the report and enjoy a brief summary of the exciDng
research going on at LPICM.
PereROCA i Cabarrocas, Director of LPICM
Contact:
[email protected]
Contact :
[email protected] 3
NANOSIL
NANOSIL
Plasma Processes & Nanostructured Materials
Plasma Processes & Nanostructured Materials
for Pfohr Pohtootovvoollttaaicics s& &O pOtopetleocetrloencictsronics
OLAE
OLAE
Organic Large Area Electronics
Organic Large Area Electronics
NANOMADE
NANOMADE
NanoMaterials & Electronic Devices
NanoMaterials & Electronic Devices
AOP
AOP
Applied Optics & Polarimetry
Applied OpDcs & Polarimetry

New Platforms
New PlaBorms

Research Support Teams
Research Support Teams
BEER Bureau d’Études et d’Equipements de Recherche
BEER Bureau d’Etudes et d’Equipements de
G2I Groupe d’Instrumentation & Informatique
AdministraRtieonc h&e Mracnhaeg ement
Dévelopment & Communication
G2I Groupe d’InstrumentaDon & InformaDque
AdministraDon & Management
Collaborations
Development & CommunicaDon
Collabora<ons
Prizes & Distinctions
Prizes & Dis<nc<ons
Publications
Publica<ons
5
The heart of the research acDvity of the NanoSil group conDnues to be plasma
processes and nanostructured materials for large-area optoelectronics,
Introduction
parDcularly for photovoltaics. With this core experDse, we perform research
going from fundamental plasma studies, to processing onto materials and
The heart of the research activity of the NanoSil group continues to be plasma
devices, and through to characterizaDon.
processes and nanostructured materials for large-area optoelectronics,
Tphias rtyiceualra rslay wfo rt phheo etonvdo lotaf ictsw. oW ipthr othjeisc ctso r(eA eNxRp ertise, we perform research going
Pfrroojmec tfsu nNdaathmiseonl taanl dp lCalsemanaG srtaupdhi)e, st,h teo sptarortc oefs sing onto materials and devices,
twaon dm thororeu g(hP EtoR ScILh aarancdt eMrizOaMtioEnN.TOM) while
other projects conDnued to progress and
This year saw the end of two
produce good scienDfic results (ANR Projects
projects (ANR Projects Nathisol and
ACPOleCaAnLGYPraSpOh, )P, ltahteo fislt,a Srto olafr ituwmo, mINoDreE ED and
IM(PPEERTSUILS ). and MOMENTOM) while
other projects continued to progress
Oaunrd m porsotd iumcpeo grtoaontd isncdiuesnttriifaicl preasrutnltesr in our work conDnues to be Total, with
w(AhoNmR Pwroej ewctosr kA PiOn CPAVLSYiPXSTO, , oPular tojofiiln, t PV research team. As well, intensive
cSoolllaabroiurmaD,v eI NwDoErkE Dco naDnndue sI Min PtEhTeU ISle).-de-France Photovoltaics Ins<tute (IPVF).
In addiDon to these partners, our important industrial collaborators in 2016
Our most important industrial partner in our work continues to be Total, with whom
included EDF, Air Liquide, SOLAYL, SOLEMS, and many internaDonal collaboraDons.
we work in PVSiXT, our joint PV research team. As well, intensive collaborative
work continues in the Ile-de-France Photovoltaics Institute (IPVF). In addition to
these partners, our important industrial collaborators in 2016 included EDF, Air
FLrioqmuid aell, tShOeL gArYeLa,t S wOoLrEkM tSh,a at nwde mnta onny tihnitse ryneaatri,o hnearle c aorllea ba oferawti ohnigsh.lights!
Erik Johnson, Group Director of NanoSil
From all the great work that went on this year, here are a few highlights!

Erik Johnson, Group Director of NanoSil

Electrode Selective Deposition
Ph.D. student Junkang WANG (CSC)
demonstrated the first useful applicaDon
Ph.D. student Junkang WANG
of plasma excitaDon using Sawtooth
(CSC) demonstrated the first useful
Voaltpapgelic Wataiovenf oromf s:p ala ssemleac Dveex cdietaptoiosinD on
pruosciensgs . Saw tTohoet h aVsoylmtamgee tWrica vewfaovrmefso: rm
a selective deposition process. The
preferenDally excites the plasma near one
asymmetric waveform preferentially
electrode, and results in a deposiDon on
excites the plasma near one
one electrode, whilst the other remains
electrode, and results in a deposition
priosnD noen. e O neele ccatrno dales,o wpherilfsot rmth ea no ethtcehr ing
prroecmeassin s onp riostninee . elOecnter odcea,n waitlshoo ut
perform an etching process on one
touching the other. This discovery raises
electrode, without touching the other.
the possibility of cleaning-free reactors.
This discovery raises the possibility of

cleaning-free reactors.
Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 26 (2017)
Contact:
01PLlTa0sm1.a Sources Sci. Technol. 26 (2017) [email protected]
01LT01.
Contact : 6
4
[email protected]
Modeling of Overcoordinated Silicon Nanoclusters
Over-coordinated nanoclusters form
Over-coordinated nanoclusters form
spontaneously by self-assembly
spontaneously by self-assembly and
and are considerably more stable
are considerably more stable than
than their tetrahedral counterparts
thebire ctaeutsrea hoef derleacl trocon udnetleorcpaalizratsti on.
becaEulesce troonf Leoleccatlrizoant iodne lFoucnacliztiaoDnosn (.E LF)
Elecatrroen d iLsopclaalyizeadD oton cFoumncpDaornes t o(E sLeFv)e ral
metal clusters. In all cases, only few
are displayed to compare to several
adjacent cluster atoms are bonded
metal clusters. In all cases, only few
by strongly localized electrons
adja(cdeanrtk c lruesdte cr oaltoorm), sw ahreil eb omndoestd abtyo ms
strosnhgalyr elo calizdeedl oecleacltirzoends (darekl ercedtr ons
Showcasing work from the Laboratory of Physics of Interfaces As featured in:
and Thin Films (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, University
colocro),m pwahrialeb lem otost aa tohmoms osgheanree ous Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France. Volume 8 Number 42 14 November 2016 Pages 17987–18236
Metallic-likCe boondinng int palasmca-tbo:rn silicon nanocrystals for Nanoscale
deloeclaelcizterodn e-gleacstr on(gs rceoemnbpalureab lec otolo rs). n Oavneor-sccoaoler hdbiannaodtegdal png aennogecinluesertre.irnsvg f oarm scponhtan@eousply boy sellf-ytechnique.www.resc.org/nanoscaledu
assembly and are considerably more stable than their tetrahedral
counterparts because of electron delocalization. Electron
a homogeneous electron-gas (green- Localization Functions (ELF) are displayed to compare to several
metal clusters. In all cases, only a few adjacent cluster atoms
are bonded by strongly localized electrons (dark red color),
blue colors). whohmileo mgeonset oautoCs melse ocshtraornne-C dgealtsoo (cgaarlneizeencdt- bealltueec t ccroo:nltos r cs )o.: m parable to a I P F AtSarA SramgPNneoEc 2tRde-0rus e4clsa0opr- oR3cn3liac6smci4vi ep e -tnl iakalen. omswecithcahneiss mw ittoh reexgteurlantael athceti vaacttoivrist y of nucleic-acid
Observation of the metastable hexagonal pHhoalgseer. Voafc shi@licpoolynt eicnShe e nHnolgieaqr Vaucnh ee t oa.l. , ewduiv es
holger.vach@polytec Nhanonscalei, q2016u, 8 , 1e806.2.edu
The diamond-hexagonal (dh) structure does not appea r in the pwhwaw.srsec. odrgi/anagnorascmale
of silicon. Registered charity number: 207890
The diamond-
hexagonal (dh)
structure does not
appear in the
phase diagram of
However, calculations show that dh Si nanowires (NWs) would have a direct
silicon.
band gap, and correlatively higher optical absorption and luminescence yields
Howtehvaenr, sctaalncdualarDdo SniNs Wshso. wW eth haat vdeh dSei mnaonnoswtrairteesd ( NthWats )S iw NoWulsd h haavvineg a tdhier edcht bpahnads eg ap,
and ccaonrr eblaeD pverolyd uhcieghde br yo tphDec avla pabosuor-rlipqDuoidn- soalnidd mluemthinoeds cine nac eP EyCieVldDs rethaacnto rs: taTEnMda rd
SiNWcsh.a Wraec thearizvaet idoenms uosninsgtr athteed [ 1t-h21a0t ]S zio NneW as xhisa svhinogw tthhea td thhe p shtrauscet ucraen o bf ese pveroradlu NcWeds by
is essentially dh. This is the first unambiguous proof of the natural occurrence of this
the vapour-liquid-solid method in a PECVD reactor: TEM characterizaDons using the
metastable phase to our knowledge.
[1-210] zone axis show that the structure of several NWs is essenDally dh. This is the
first unambiguous proof of the natural occurrence of this metastable phase to our
knowledge. Contact:
[email protected]
Contact :
7
[email protected]
NANOSIL
Combining nanowire and heterojunction technology
Silicon heterojunction technology
Silriecporne sehnetst earno juimnpcoDrotann t tbercahnncohl oogf y
rephriegshe ntes ffiacnie inmcpyo rtcarnyts tablrliannec h soilfic hoing h
solar cell research. We have taken
efficiency crystalline silicon solar cell
advantages of this technology and
research. We have taken advantages of
applied it to silicon nanowire (NW)
thias rrtaeycsh nporolovgidyi nagn dst roapnpgl ileigdh ti tt ratop psiilnicgo. n
nanOouwr ciroer e(-NshWe)ll daerrvaicyes s pbraosveiddi onng mstertoanl g
lighats sitsrteapdp cinhge.m iOcaurl etccohrien-gs hoef lSl i wdaefveicrse s
have pushed forward the efficiency of
based on metal assisted chemical etching
such Si NW based devices to 12.9 %
of Si wafers have pushed forward the
(device and its performance shown
effiinci ethnecy fi ogfu sreu)c,h b Sei yNoWnd b tahsee dp dreevviiocuessl yt o
12r.e9 po%rt e(dd evavilucee s.and its performance
shown in the figure), beyond the
preAv.Sio. Tuosgloyn rael,p eot ratl.e, dJ. vPahylus.e Csh. em. C . 120 Contact:
(2016) 2962 [email protected]
A.S. Togonal, et al., J. Phys. Chem. C . 120 (2016) 2962 Contact :
[email protected]
keV Ion Bombardment and c-Si Passivation
Counterintuitively, damaging the
amorphous passivation layers of
CounterintuiDvely, damaging the
heterojunction solar cells allows to
amorphous passivaDon layers of
make them better and more robust.
heterojuncDon solar cells allows to
A. Defresne showed that while the
pm-tyapkee tah-Seim:H bpeaXsesirv aatniodn m laoyree r roubseudst . A.
inD eHfIrTe ssntreu csthuorewse dd otehsa tn woth iwlei ththstea npd-t ype
the temperatures above 200 °C,
a-Si:H passivaDon layer used in HIT
necessary to anneal the TCO layers
structures does not withstand the
and metal contacts, irradiation by an
temperatures above 200 °C, necessary
argon ion beam allows one to anneal
at soo laarn cneelal pl rethceu rsToCrO u pl taoy e40rs0 °Can wdh imle etal
mcaoinnttaacintsin, gi rara lidfeiatiDmoen abbyo vean 1 marsg. oFonr ion
pi/n/in samples irradiated at 10 keV,
beam allows one to anneal a solar cell
AIP Advances 6 (2016) 125107 one can obtain higher lifetimes aoer
precursor up to 400°C while maintaining
irradiation and annealing than in the
a lifeDme above 1 ms.
asdeposited state.
For pi/n/in samples irradiated at 10 keV,
AIP Advances 6 (2016) 125107
one can obtain higher lifeDmes aoer
Contact: irradiaDon and annealing than in the as-
Cpoenret.aroccta :@ polytechnique.edu
deposited state.
[email protected]
8
6

Organic, hybrid large area devices have numerous advantages such as low cost of
producDon, ease of design, light-weight deployment, and flexibility. The OLAE
Organic, hybrid large area devices have numerous advantages such as low
recsoesatr ochf pteroadmu cfotiocuns, eesa osne ochf edmesiciganl ,s ylignhtht-ewseisi,g ihntt edgerpalDooymn eanntd, apnhdys fliceaxli bmiliotyd. eTlhlineg
ofO oLArgEa nreics,e hayrcbhri dte aanmd pforcinutsaebsl eo mn actheerimalisc,a inl scyonnthneescisD,o inn tewgitrha ttiohne daensdig pnh oyfs ihciaglh
pemrofodremllainngc eo ef loercgtraonnicic, lhayrbgeri da raena dd epvriincetas balen dm saysteterimalss., Bina sceodn onne cat iofunn dwaitmh etnhtea l
design of high performance electronic large area devices and systems. Based
approach such as the synthesis of new molecules and polymers and the modelling
on a fundamental approach such as the synthesis of new molecules and
of charge transport, as well as on three specific technology faciliDes (ORGATECH,
polymers and the modelling of charge transport, as well as on three specific
CHteIcMhOnRoGloAg ya nfadc iPlitLieAsT I(NOER),G OATLEACEH t, eCamHI MaOimRsG Ato adneds igPnLA rTeINliEa)b, leO LcAoEm pteoanmen atsim fos r
entoe rdgeys ihganr vreesliDanbgle (cpoemropvoskniteen tas nfodr teannedregmy hsaorlvaer stcienlgls )(,p eeffirocviseknitte laignhdt teamndisesimon
(OsoLElaDrs c) eallns)d, esfefincsieonrst l(igbhiot memedisicsaiol na (nOdL EsDmsa) rat-ncdit ys)e. nOsoLArsE ( breiosmeaerdchicearsl acnodll asbmoarartt-e
city). OLAE researchers collaborate with CEA and IFSTTAR in the framework of
with CEA and IFSTTAR
ORGASACLAY and NACRE joint research teams respectively.
in the framework of ORGASACLAY and NACRE joint research teams respecDvely.

OLAE Expertise:

• New semi-conducting and luminescent materials for coating large areas
OLAE Exper<se:
• Design, characterization and reliability of innovative components
• New semi-conducDng and luminescent materials for coaDng large areas
(OLED, PV, TFTs, sensors)
• Design, characterizaDon and reliability of innovaDve components (OLED, PV, TFTs,
• Carrier transport and interface characterization
sensors)
• Physical and compact modeling of components (SPICE, finite elements)
• Carrier transport and interface characterizaDon
• Design of analog and numerical circuits
• Physical and compact modeling of components (SPICE, finite elements)
OLAE Materials:
• Design of analog and numerical circuits
• Organic and hybrid Polymers and molecules
OLAE Materials:
• Hybrid perovksite
• Organic and hybrid Polymers and molecules
• Carbone nanotube ink
• Hybrid perovksite
Applications and devices:
• Carbone nanotube ink
• Devices for energy (solar cells and OLED)
Applica<ons and devices:
• Sensors (biomedical applications and smart cities)
• Devices for energy (solar cells and OLED)
• Large area electronics
• Sensors (biomedical applicaDons and smart ciDes)
Contact:
• Large area electronics
[email protected]
Contact : 10
8
[email protected]