Nanosensors for Chemical and Biological Applications: Sensing with Nanotubes, Nanowires and Nanoparticles

2014·9.2 MB·English

by  Kevin C. Honeychurch

Nanosensors for Chemical and Biological Applications
Related titles:
Smart sensors and MEMS
(ISBN 978-0-85709-502-2)
Nanostructured semiconductor oxides for the next generation of electronics and
functional devices
(ISBN 978-1-78242-220-4)
Laser spectroscopy for sensing
(ISBN 978-0-85709-273-1)
Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials:
Number 61
Nanosensors for
Chemical and Biological
Applications
Sensing with Nanotubes,
Nanowires and Nanoparticles
Edited by
Kevin C. Honeychurch
amsterdam • boston • cambridge • heidelberg • london
new york • oxford • paris • san diego
san francisco • singapore • sydney • tokyo
Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier
Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier
80 High Street, Sawston, Cambridge, CB22 3HJ, UK
225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
Langford Lane, Kidlington, OX5 1GB, UK
Copyright © 2014 Woodhead Publishing Limited. All rights reserved
N o part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted
in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights
Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333;
email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online
by visiting the Elsevier website at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting
Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material.
Notice
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or
property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or
operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.
Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verifi cation
of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2014931603
ISBN 978-0-85709-660-9 (print)
ISBN 978-0-85709-672-2 (online)
For information on all Woodhead Publishing publications
visit our website at http://store.elsevier.com/
Typeset by Newgen Knowledge Works Pvt Ltd, India
Printed and bound in the United Kingdom
Contents
Contributor contact details xi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and
Optical Materials xiv
Introduction xix
Part I Electrochemical nanosensors 1
1 Chemical and biological sensing with carbon
nanotubes (CNTs) 3
M. Boujtita, University of Nantes, France
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 4
1.3 Functionalization of CNTs 6
1.4 Biosensors based on multi-walled carbon
nanotubes (MWCNTs) 13
1.5 Technical and industrial challenge for the integration
of CNTs in analytical and bioanalytical devices 18
1.6 Conclusion and future trends 20
1.7 References 21
2 Electrochemical nanosensors for blood glucose
analysis 28
F. Davis and S. P. J. Higson, Cranfi eld University, UK
2.1 Introduction 28
2.2 Nanosized materials: enzymatic detection of glucose 29
2.3 Nanosized materials: direct detection of glucose 39
2.4 Nanosized sensors 42
2.5 Conclusion and future trends 46
2.6 Sources of further information and advice 47
2.7 References 48
v
vi Contents
3 Nanoparticle modifi ed electrodes for trace metal ion
analysis 54
J. P. Metters and C. E. Banks, Manchester Metropolitan
University, UK
3.1 Introduction 54
3.2 Nanoparticle modifi ed electrodes: basic principles 55
3.3 Electroanalytical applications of nanoparticle
modifi ed electrodes: detection of arsenic 59
3.4 Electroanalytical applications of nanoparticle
modifi ed electrodes: detection of chromium 65
3.5 Electroanalytical applications of nanoparticle
modifi ed electrodes: detection of lead (II) and cadmium (II) 69
3.6 Electroanalytical applications of nanoparticle
modifi ed electrodes: detection of antimony 72
3.7 Conclusion 73
3.8 Sources of further information and advice 74
3.9 References 74
4 Interfacing cells with nanostructured electrochemical
sensors for enhanced biomedical sensing 8 0
F. J. Rawson, University of Nottingham, UK
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2 Designing and constructing nanostructured surfaces
for cellular sensing 81
4.3 Electrochemical sensing using nanoelectronic
sensing devices 84
4.4 Interfacing nanostructured sensors for extracellular
sensing 86
4.5 Interfacing amperometric nanostructured sensors with
cells for bioelectricity and biomolecule detection 90
4.6 Interfacing nanostructured sensors for intracellular sensing 92
4.7 Conclusion 94
4.8 References 95
5 Chemiresistor gas sensors using semiconductor
metal oxides 101
L. Francioso, Institute for Microelectronics and
Microsystems, Italy
5.1 Introduction 101
5.2 The development of semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors 102
Contents vii
5.3 The gas-sensing process in semiconductor metal oxide
sensors 106
5.4 Gas sensors using novel low dimensional metal oxides 110
5.5 Metal oxide nanostructure surface modifi cation and doping 113
5.6 Recent developments and future trends 117
5.7 Sources of further information and advice 119
5.8 References 120
6 Electropolymers for (nano-)imprinted biomimetic
biosensors 125
A. Yarman, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Germany and University of Potsdam, Germany,
A. P. F. Turner, IFM-Link ö ping University, Sweden and
F. W. Scheller, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Germany and University of Potsdam, Germany
6.1 Introduction 125
6.2 Potential and limitations of molecularly imprinted
polymers (MIPs) 126
6.3 Preparation and performance of molecularly imprinted
electropolymers 128
6.4 Combination of analyte-binding MIPs with nanomaterials 135
6.5 Integration of analyte recognition with catalysis in MIPs 140
6.6 Conclusion and future trends 141
6.7 References 142
7 Nanostructured conducting polymers for
electrochemical sensing and biosensing 1 50
K. Westmacott, University of the West of England, UK,
B. Weng and G. G. Wallace, University of Wollongong, Australia
and A. J. Killard, University of the West of England, UK
7.1 Introduction 150
7.2 Hard-template synthesis of conducting polymer
nanomaterials 151
7.3 Soft-template synthesis of conducting polymer
nanomaterials 159
7.4 Physical methodologies for synthesis of conducting polymer
nanomaterials 163
7.5 Chemical and biological sensing applications: nanofi lms 166
7.6 Chemical and biological sensing applications:
nanoparticle based sensors 174
viii Contents
7.7 Chemical and biological sensing applications: metallic
nanoparticles (NPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and
conducting polymer composites 177
7.8 Chemical and biological sensing applications: nanowires
and nanotubes 181
7.9 Chemical and biological sensing applications: nanofi bres,
nanocables and other conducting polymer structures 185
7.10 Conclusion 188
7.11 References 188
Part II S pectrographic nanosensors 1 95
8 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
nanoparticle sensors for biochemical and
environmental sensing 197
L. Rodriguez-Lorenzo, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
and R. A. Alvarez-Puebla, Rovira and Virgil University,
Spain and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced
Studies, Spain and ICREA, Spain
8.1 Introduction: Raman scattering 197
8.2 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) 203
8.3 SERS-active substrates 211
8.4 Conclusion 221
8.5 Sources of further information and advice 221
8.6 Acknowledgements 223
8.7 References 223
9 The use of coated gold nanoparticles in high
performance chemical sensors 2 31
N. Lazarus, R. Jin and G. K. Fedder, Carnegie Mellon
University, USA
9.1 Introduction 231
9.2 Synthesis of gold nanoparticle materials 232
9.3 Nanoparticle coatings 233
9.4 Modeling chemical sensing behavior 239
9.5 Other forms of gold nanoparticle chemical sensors 246
9.6 Conclusion and future trends 248
9.7 Sources of further information and advice 249
9.8 References 250
Contents ix
10 Nanoporous silicon biochemical sensors 2 54
T. Shimomura, Funai Electric Advanced Applied
Technology Research Institute Inc., Japan
10.1 Introduction 254
10.2 Synthesis of mesoporous silica materials and enzyme
encapsulation 255
10.3 Application to enzymatic sensor and detection mechanism 257
10.4 Development of enzymatic sensor for formaldehyde detection 257
10.5 Conclusion 264
10.6 References 265
11 Semiconductor quantum dots in chemical sensors
and biosensors 267
N. Chaniotakis and R. Buiculescu, University of
Crete, Greece
11.1 Introduction 267
11.2 Quantum dots (QDs): synthesis and optical properties 269
11.3 Bioconjugation and capping strategies 272
11.4 Applications of QDs to biosensors 274
11.5 Conclusion and future trends 289
11.6 References 290
12 Nanosensors and other techniques for detecting
nanoparticles in the environment 2 95
Y. Pic ó , Universitat de València, Spain and V. Andreu, Research
Center on Desertifi cation-CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Spain
12.1 Introduction 295
12.2 Overview of nanomaterials 297
12.3 The regulatory context 300
12.4 Analytical methodology: measurements of nanoparticles
(NPs) in environmental media 301
12.5 Analytical methodology: detection and size distribution 305
12.6 Analytical methodology: chemical composition and
quantifi cation 309
12.7 Applications 318
12.8 Conclusion and future trends 326
12.9 Sources of further information and advice 327
12.10 Acknowledgements 328
12.11 References 329
Index 339