Table Of ContentNanoelectronic Circuit Design
Niraj K. Jha Deming Chen
l
Editors
Nanoelectronic
Circuit Design
Editors
NirajK.Jha DemingChen
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering DepartmentofElectricalandComputer
PrincetonUniversity Engineering
NJ,USA UniversityofIllinoisat
[email protected] Urbana-Champaign
IL,USA
[email protected]
ISBN978-1-4419-7444-0 e-ISBN978-1-4419-7609-3
DOI10.1007/978-1-4419-7609-3
SpringerNewYorkDordrechtHeidelbergLondon
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Preface
Afterenjoyingathree-decaderideasthetopsemiconductortechnologyforimple-
mentingintegratedcircuits(ICs),theeraofsingle-gatecomplementarymetal-oxide
semiconductors(CMOS)iscomingtoanend.Waitinginthewingsasreplacements
are various interesting new nanotechnologies. In the past decade, a contender for
replacingbulkCMOStechnologyhasbeendouble-gatefield-effecttransistortech-
nology, most manufacturable of which are FinFETs. There are also other conten-
ders, such as nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoribbons, resonant
tunneling diodes, quantum cellular automata, etc. We may also soon see hybrid
nano/CMOSdesignsinwhichthememoryhasbeenimplementedinanewtechnol-
ogy,whiletheprocessingelementshavebeenimplementedinCMOS.
Although these nanotechnologies have attracted significant attention over the
lastdecade,theemphasisofinterest,asexpected,hasbeenmoreontheirphysics,
chemistry,andfabricationaspects.However,interestingnewnanoelectroniccircuit
designsarebeginningtoemergethatheraldanexcitingneweraofICdesign.These
designsdealwithbothlogicaswellasinterconnect.
Ouraiminthisbookistointroducereaderstotheemergingdesignparadigmsin
various nanotechnologies, and to bridge the existing gap between nanodevice
research and nanosystems design. The book focuses on state-of-the-art research
activities, yet, at the same time, covers the fundamental principles behind the
nanotechnology developments. The ultimate goal is to expose the great potential
ofnanoelectronictechnologyandtheuniquechallengesitposesalongthedevice-
to-systemspectrum.Arichsetofreferencesisincludedattheendofeachchapterto
givepointerstoreaderswhowanttodigdeeper.Inaddition,someexercisesarealso
includedineachchaptertoallowtheuseofthebookforafirst-yeargraduate-level
courseonnanoelectroniccircuitdesign.
The book is organized by grouping together chapters on each nanotechnology.
Chapter1introducesvariousnanotechnologies.Chapters2and3dealwithFinFET
logicandmemorydesign.Chapter4describesanano/CMOSdynamicallyreconfi-
gurable architecture. Chapters 5–7 discuss nanowire-based ICs and architectures.
Chapters8and9describehowreliablelogiccircuitsandfield-programmablegate
v
vi Preface
arrayscanbebuiltusingnanotubes.Chapter10dealswithcircuitdesignbasedon
graphenenanoribbontransistors.Chapter11comparescopper,nanotube,graphene,
and optics for implementing interconnects on chips. Chapters 12 and 13 discuss
circuit design with resonant tunneling diodes and quantum cellular automata,
respectively. The chapters are fairly independent of each other. Thus, any subset
canbechosenforaone-semestercourse.
Last,butnottheleast,Nirajwouldliketothankhisfather,Dr.ChintamaniJha,
his wife, Shubha, and his son, Ravi, for their encouragement and understanding.
Demingwouldliketothankhiswife,Li,andhissons,JeffreyandAustin,fortheir
loveandunderstanding.
NirajK.Jha
DemingChen
Contents
1 IntroductiontoNanotechnology........................................... 1
DemingChenandNirajK.Jha
2 FinFETCircuitDesign.................................................... 23
PrateekMishra,AnishMuttreja,andNirajK.Jha
3 FinFETSRAMDesign ................................................... 55
RajivJoshi,KeunwooKim,andRouwaidaKanj
4 AHybridNano/CMOSDynamicallyReconfigurableSystem.......... 97
WeiZhang,NirajK.Jha,andLiShang
5 ReliableCircuitsDesignwithNanowireArrays....................... 153
M.HaykelBenJamaaandGiovanniDeMicheli
6 LeveragingEmergingTechnologyThroughArchitectural
ExplorationfortheRoutingFabricofFutureFPGAs................ 189
SoumyaEachempati,AmanGayasen,N.Vijaykrishnan,
andMaryJaneIrwin
7 NanoscaleApplication-SpecificIntegratedCircuits................... 215
CsabaAndrasMoritz,PritishNarayanan,andChiOnChui
8 Imperfection-ImmuneCarbonNanotubeVLSICircuits.............. 277
NishantPatil,AlbertLin,JieZhang,HaiWei,H.-S.PhilipWong,
andSubhasishMitra
9 FPCNA:ACarbonNanotube-BasedProgrammable
Architecture............................................................... 307
ChenDong,ScottChilstedt,andDemingChen
vii
viii Contents
10 GrapheneTransistorsandCircuits..................................... 349
KartikMohanramandXuebeiYang
11 StudyofPerformancesofLow-kCu,CNTs,
andOpticalInterconnects ............................................... 377
Kyung-HoaeKooandKrishnaC.Saraswat
12 CircuitDesignwithResonantTunnelingDiodes....................... 409
PallavGupta
13 CircuitDesignwithQuantumCellularAutomata..................... 441
PallavGupta
Index............................................................................ 479
Contributors
CsabaAndrasMoritz
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,
UniversityofMassachusetts,Amherst,MA,USA
[email protected]
DemingChen
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,UniversityofIllinois
atUrbana‐Champaign,IL,USA
[email protected]
ScottChilstedt
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,UniversityofIllinois
atUrbana‐Champaign,Urbana,IL,USA
ChiOnChui
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,TheUniversityofCalifornia,
LosAngeles,CA,USA
GiovanniDeMicheli
InstituteofElectricalEngineering,EPFL,Lausanne,Switzerland
giovanni.demicheli@epfl.ch
ChenDong
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,UniversityofIllinois,
atUrbana‐Champaign,IL,USA
[email protected]
SoumyaEachempati
DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering,ThePennsylvania
StateUniversity,UniversityPark,PA,USA
AmanGayasen
DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering,ThePennsylvania
StateUniversity,UniversityPark,PA,USA
ix
