Table Of ContentNanotechnology in the Life Sciences
Vinay Kumar
Varsha Shriram
Ravi Shukla
Suresh Gosavi Editors
Nano-Strategies
for Addressing
Antimicrobial
Resistance
Nano-Diagnostics, Nano-Carriers, and
Nano-Antimicrobials
Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences
Series Editor
Ram Prasad, Department of Botany
Mahatma Gandhi Central University
Motihari, Bihar, India
Nano and biotechnology are two of the 21st century’s most promising technologies.
Nanotechnology is demarcated as the design, development, and application of
materials and devices whose least functional make up is on a nanometer scale (1 to
100 nm). Meanwhile, biotechnology deals with metabolic and other physiological
developments of biological subjects including microorganisms. These microbial
processes have opened up new opportunities to explore novel applications, for
example, the biosynthesis of metal nanomaterials, with the implication that these
two technologies (i.e., thus nanobiotechnology) can play a vital role in developing
and executing many valuable tools in the study of life. Nanotechnology is very
diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new
approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials
with dimensions on the nanoscale, to investigating whether we can directly control
matters on/in the atomic scale level. This idea entails its application to diverse fields
of science such as plant biology, organic chemistry, agriculture, the food industry,
and more.
Nanobiotechnology offers a wide range of uses in medicine, agriculture, and the
environment. Many diseases that do not have cures today may be cured by
nanotechnology in the future. Use of nanotechnology in medical therapeutics needs
adequate evaluation of its risk and safety factors. Scientists who are against the use
of nanotechnology also agree that advancement in nanotechnology should continue
because this field promises great benefits, but testing should be carried out to ensure
its safety in people. It is possible that nanomedicine in the future will play a crucial
role in the treatment of human and plant diseases, and also in the enhancement of
normal human physiology and plant systems, respectively. If everything proceeds as
expected, nanobiotechnology will, one day, become an inevitable part of our
everyday life and will help save many lives.
Vinay Kumar • Varsha Shriram
Ravi Shukla • Suresh Gosavi
Editors
Nano-Strategies for
Addressing Antimicrobial
Resistance
Nano-Diagnostics, Nano-Carriers,
and Nano-Antimicrobials
Editors
Vinay Kumar Varsha Shriram
Department of Biotechnology, Modern Department of Botany
College of Arts, Science and Commerce Prof. Ramkrishna More College
(Savitribai Phule Pune University) (Savitribai Phule Pune University)
Ganeshkhind, Pune, India Akurdi, Pune, India
Ravi Shukla Suresh Gosavi
Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility Department of Physics
NanoBiotechnology Research Savitribai Phule Pune University
Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
RMIT University
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Center for Advanced Materials & Industrial
Chemistry (CAMIC)
RMIT University
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
ISSN 2523-8027 ISSN 2523-8035 (electronic)
Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences
ISBN 978-3-031-10219-6 ISBN 978-3-031-10220-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10220-2
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
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Preface
Antimicrobial drugs, especially the life-saving antibiotics, once the backbone of
modern clinical medicine, are facing serious challenges from emerging antimicro-
bial resistance (AMR), a condition where microbes develop resistance against the
most common antibiotics used against them. Initially considered a nosocomial or
hospital-related issue, the AMR unfortunately is spreading at a fast pace in bacterial
species of community origins. AMR has exploded in recent years and is posing a
serious threat to human health and survival. The drying pipeline of novel and effec-
tive antibiotics effective against these drug-resistant “superbugs” has further aggra-
vated the situation, and we are staring at a potential “post-antibiotic era.” AMR has
been declared a global risk by intergovernmental agencies. This necessitates novel
and effective ways for diagnosis, drug delivery, and treatment of AMR infections.
Nanostrategies including nano-diagnostics, nano-carriers, and nano-antimicrobials
are gaining momentum and are hailed as a potential solution in containing AMR.
The main objective of this book is to promote research themed on the potential
use of nano-approaches for diagnosis, detection, drug delivery, and as antimicrobial
agents against drug-resistant pathogenic microbes, by providing an integrated blend
of basic and advanced information for students, scholars, scientists, and practitio-
ners interested or already engaged in research involving these areas and themes.
This book presents the current understanding and updates on nano-strategies for
combating AMR. The chapters in this book cover aspects ranging from advances in
nanomaterials synthesis, characterization, functionalization, and improvisation to
their applications in the diagnosis of AMR and their therapeutic and drug-delivery
potentials against AMR phenotypes. Chapters are written by highly acclaimed
experts of international repute working on different aspects of AMR and targeting it
with nano-based approaches.
We express our sincerest thanks and appreciation to our eminent authors for their
first-rate and timely contributions. We gratefully acknowledge the reviewers for
their valuable comments that helped in the improvement of the scientific content
and quality of the chapters.
v
vi Preface
We also thank the Springer publishing team comprising the publisher, editorial
project manager, and the entire Springer production team for their consistent hard
work in the publication of this book.
Pune, India Vinay Kumar
Pune, India Varsha Shriram
Melbourne, VIC, Australia Ravi Shukla
Pune, India Suresh Gosavi
Contents
1 The History of Antibiotics Illumes the Future
of Antimicrobial Peptides Administered Through Nanosystems . . . . 1
Nazim Nassar, Stefan Kasapis, Suneela Pyreddy,
and Taghrid Istivan
2 Current Approaches and Prospects of Nanomaterials
in Rapid Diagnosis of Antimicrobial Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Anupriya Baranwal, Vijay Kumar Aralappanavar,
Bijay Kumar Behera, Vipul Bansal, and Ravi Shukla
3 Nanomaterial-Mediated Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents:
‘The Nanocarriers’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Pramod Barathe, Sagar Reddy, Kawaljeet Kaur, Varsha Shriram,
Rohit Bhagwat, Abhijit Dey, Sandeep Kumar Verma,
and Vinay Kumar
4 Nanoparticle Functionalization: Approaches and Applications . . . . . 157
Uttara Oak and Tushar Khare
5 Nano-adjuvants as Effective Next- Generation
Antimicrobial Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Tuyelee Das, Mimosa Ghorai, Uttpal Anand, Arabinda Ghosh,
Potshangbam Nongdam, Mahipal S. Shekhawat,
Devendra Kumar Pandey, and Abhijit Dey
6 Limiting Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Using Multifunctional Nanomaterials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Ragini Singh, Stuti Bhagat, and Sanjay Singh
7 Microbial Resistance Mechanisms and Potential
of Metal-Organic Framework in Mitigation Thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Shakil Ahmed Polash, Linda Varadi, and Ravi Shukla
vii
viii Contents
8 Silver-Based Nano-formulations for Treating
Antibiotic-Resistant Microbial Strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Anjali Chauhan, Devendra Sillu, Navneet Kaur Dhiman,
and Shekhar Agnihotri
9 Gold Nanoparticles: A Lethal Nanoweapon
Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Md. Monir Hossain, Shakil Ahmed Polash, Tanushree Saha,
and Satya Ranjan Sarker
10 Antimicrobial Potentials of Zinc and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles . . . . 353
Mansee Thakur, Smital Poojary, Kapil Singh Thakur,
and Vinay Kumar
11 Carbon Nanostructures for Fighting Antimicrobial
Resistant Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Nandini Gupta, Payal M. Deoghare, Prashant Singh,
Mahipal Singh Sankhla, Swaroop S. Sonone, Kapil Parihar,
C. R. Vanisree, Chandra Shekhar Yadav,
and Sandeep Kumar Verma
12 Nanoformulations Against Multidrug- Resistant
Members of ESKAPE Pathogens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Kawaljeet Kaur, Pramod Barathe, Sagar Reddy, Varsha Shriram,
Abhijit Dey, Suresh Gosavi, and Vinay Kumar
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
About the Editors
Vinay Kumar is working as an associate professor in
Department of Biotechnology, Modern College
(Savitribai Phule Pune University), Ganeshkhind, Pune,
India. He obtained his PhD in biotechnology from
Savitribai Phule Pune University in 2009. He has pub-
lished more than 65 peer-reviewed research/review
articles with over 4000 citations, 27 book chapters,
besides editing 6 books. He is a recipient of Young
Scientist Award from SERB, Government of India. His
research interests include antimicrobial resistance
(AMR) in community settings, elucidating mechanisms
underlying AMR, and combating it with phytochemi-
cals and nanomaterials. He is on the editorial and
reviewer boards of reputed journals.
Varsha Shriram has completed her PhD in natural
products chemistry and biotechnology at CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Pune, and Savitribai Phule Pune
University, Pune, India. She is currently working as an
associate professor, Botany Department, Prof.
Ramkrishna More College, Akurdi (Savitribai Phule
Pune University), Pune, India. She has published more
than 35 peer-reviewed research/review articles and is on
the reviewer board for reputed journals. Her areas of
research interest include medicinal plants, phytochemi-
cals, and bioactivities including anticancer and antimi-
crobial resistance reversal. She has completed
extramural research projects in these and allied areas.
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