Table Of ContentMYOCARDIAL ENERGY METABOLISM
MYOCARDIAL ENERGY
METABOLISM
edited by
JAN WILLEM DE JONG
Cardiochemical Laboratory,
Thorax Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
1988 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS
a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP
DORDRECHT I BOSTON I LANCASTER
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Myocardial energy metabolism.
(Developments in cardiovascular medicine)
Includes index.
1. Heart--Muscle--Metabolism. 2. Energy metabolism.
I. Jong, Jan Willem de, 1942- II. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Energy Metabolism. 2. Myocardium--metabolism.
W1 DE997VME / WG 280 M9962]
QPl14.M48M96 1988 612'.17 88-19564
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-7087-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-1319-6
DOl: 10.1 007/978-94-009-1319-6
Published by Martinus Nijhofflpublishers,
P.O. Box 17, 3300 A1\ Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A.
In all other countries, sold and distributed
by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
All Rights Reserved
© 1988 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1988
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
l
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner
For Lieneke
MYOCARDIAL ENERGY METABOLISM offers a scientific survey of the
biochemistry of the heart, with an emphasis on the energy aspects. This approach
may be looked upon as complementary to the classical haemodynamic view of the
heart. Sections on Basic mechanisms, Models and techniques, and on Clinical
implications make this book a worthwhile acquisition for cardiologists, cardiac
surgeons, basic scientists in cardiovascular physiology, as well as for students with
a more than average 'heart' for the organ.
Not all basic questions with regard to formation, breakdown and usage of energy
(ATP) in the heart have been asked or answered, but invited experts from the fields
of cardiac biochemistry, (electro )physiology, pharmacology, anesthesiology and
clinical cardiological research have extensively covered the subject from their points
of view. Furthermore, MYOCARDIAL ENERGY METABOLISM shows how basic
scientific knowledge may be integrated into cardiological practice. Especially the
potential that new techmques like NMR and PET- scanning offer to the cardiologist
of the near future becomes clear when the heart is studied with regard to its
energy metabolism.
I wish to thank the authors for their effort. I am especially grateful to
Peter Achterberg for helpful discussion and contribution.
Rotterdam, April 1988 Jan Willem de Jong
Table of Contents
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xi
BASIC MECHANISMS
1. ATP-metabolism in normoxic and ischemic heart.
J.W. de Jong & P.W. Achterberg 3
2. Development of myocardial energy metabolism.
P.W. Achterberg 9
3. Principles of fuel metabolism in heart muscle.
H. Taegtmeyer 17
4. Carnitine and cardiac energy supply.
R.Ferrari 35
5. Adenine nucleotides, purine metabolism and myocardial function.
P.W. Achterberg 45
6. On the role of myocardial AMP-deaminase.
AC. Skladanowski 53
7. Redox manipulation of free cardiac adenylates and purine nucleoside
release.
R Bunger, RT. Mallet & D.A Hartman 67
8. Regulation of myocardial perfusion by purine metabolites.
RA Olsson 83
9. Cardiac electrophysiological effects of adenosine.
L. Belardinelli & G.A West 93
10. Acceleration of adenine nucleotide biosynthesis after ischemic
insult.
H.-G. Zimmer 105
TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS/MODELS
11. The importance of the determination of ATP and catabolites.
E. Hart".sen & A-M.L. Seymour 117
12. Cardiac energy metabolism probed with nuclear magnetic resonance.
CJ.A van Echteld 127
13. Positron emission tomography and myocardial biochemistry.
W. Wyns & J.A Melin 145
x Table of Contents
14. Energy metabolism and transport in neonatal heart cells in
culture.
A Pinson & T. Huizer 155
15. Energy metabolism of adult cardiomyocytes.
H.M. Piper, B. Siegmund & R Spahr 171
16. Ischemia, high-energy phosphate metabolism and sarcomere
dynamics in myocardium.
H.E.OJ. ter Keurs, JJJ. Bucx, E. Harmsen, P.P. de Tombe &
W J. Leijendekker 181
17. Myocardial function and metabolism during ischemia and
reperfusion in anesthetized pi~s.
P.O. Verdouw, WJ. van der Glessen & J.MJ. Lamers 195
18. The energetics of WstunnedWm yocardium.
W. Schaper & B.R Ito 203
19. Energy depletion due to the calcium paradox.
T J.C. Ruigrok, J.H. Kirkels & CJ.A van Echteld 215
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
20. Human purine metabolism.
O. Sperling 225
21. Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease with AMP·catabolites.
J.W. de Jong 237
22. Myocardial high-energy phosphates during open.heart surgery.
GJ. van der Vusse & F.H. van der Veen 245
23. Apparent inosine incorporation and concomitant haemodynamic
improvement in human heart.
W. Czarnecki 257
24. Cardioplegia and calcium entry blockade.
J.W.deJong 265
25. The effect of anesthetics on myocardial adenine nucleotides.
RG. Merin
26. Regeneration of adenine nucleotides in the heart.
P. van der Meer & J.W. de Jong 283
INDEX 291
List of Contributors
Achterberg, Peter W.,
Cardiochemical Laboratory, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box
1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Belardinelli, Luiz,
De'partments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Physiology, Medical Center,
Umversity of Virginia, P.O. Box 456, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, U.S.A
Presently' at: Department of Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box J-277, lliMHC,
GainesvIlle, Florida 36210, U.S.A
Bua, Jeroen J.J.,
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary School of
Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Cal~ary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
Presently at: Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Umversity Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Bunger, Rolf,
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the
Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, U.S.A
Czarnecki, Wlodzimierz,
IT Department of Cardiology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Grochowski
Hospltal, Grenadierow 51/59, 04-073 Warsaw, Poland
Presently at: Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary
School of Medicme, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
De Jong, Jan Willem,
Cardiochemical Laboratory, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box
1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
De Tombe, Peter P.,
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary School of
Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
Ferrari, Roberto,
Chair of Cardiology, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy
Harmsen, Eef,
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3QU, U.K.
Presently at: Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary
School of Medicme, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
Hartman, David A.,
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the
Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, U.S.A
xi
xii List of Contributors
Huizer, Tom,
Cardiochemical Laboratory, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box
1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Ito, Bruce R.,
Department of Experimental Cardiology, Max-Planck-Institute, Benekestrasse 2, D-
6350 Bad Nauheim, F.RG.
Presently at: University of California San Diego, Department of Cardiovascular
Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A
Kirkels, Johan H.,
Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, c/o University Hospital,
Catharijnesingel101, 3511 GV Utrecht, The Netherlands
Lamers, Jos MJ.,
Department of Biochemistry I, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000
DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Leijendekker, Willem J.,
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary School of
Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
Mallet, Robert T.,
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the
Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, U.S.A
Melin, Jaques A.,
Positron Emission Tomography Laboratory, University of Louvain Medical School,
Avenue Hippocrate 55, P.O. Box 5550, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
Merin, Robert G.,
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431
Fannin, Rm 5.020, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
Olsson, Ray A.,
Suncoast Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine and
Biochemistry, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Dows
Boulevard., Tampa, Florida 33612, U.S.A
Pinson, Ari~
Laboratory for Myocardial Research, The Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical
School, P.O. Box 1172, 91010 Jerusalem, Israel
Piper, H. Michael,
Physiologisches Institut I, UniversiHit Dusseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-4000
Dusseldorf 1, F.RG.
Ruigrok, Tom J.e.,
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Catharijnesingel 101, 3511 GV
Utrecht, The Netherlands
Schaper, Wolfgang,
Department of Experimental Cardiology, Max-Planck-Institute, Benekestrasse 2, D-
6350 Bad Nauheim, F.RG.
List of Contributors xiii
Seymour, Anne-Marie L.,
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3QU, U.K
Siegmund, Berthold,
Physiologisches Institut I, UniversiHit Dusseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-4000
Dusseldorf 1, F.R.G.
Skladanowski, Andrzej C.,
Department of Biochemistry, Medical School Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk,
Poland
Presently at: Department of Cardiology, University of Wales College of Medicine,
Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN, U.K
Spahr, Rolf,
Physiologisches Institut I, Universitat Dusseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-4000
Dusseldorf 1, F.R.G.
Sperling, Oded,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Beilinson Medical Center, 49100 Petah-Tikva,
Israel; and Department of Chemical Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv
University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
Tae~meyer, Heinrich,
DiVIsion of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas
Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 1.246, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
Ter Keurs, Henk E.DJ".,
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary School of
Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
Van der Giessen, Willem J.,
Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University
Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Van der Meer, Peter,
Cardiochemical Laboratory, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box
1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Van der Veen, Frits H.,
Department of Physiology, University of limburg, P.O. Box 616,6200 MD Maastricht,
The Netherlands
Van der Vusse, Ger J.,
Department of Physiology, University of limburg, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht,
The Netherlands
Van Echteld, Cees J.A.,
Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands and Department of
Cardiology, University Hospital, Catherijnesingel 101, 3511 GV Utrecht, The
Netherlands
Verdouw, Pieter D.,
Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University
Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738,3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
West, G. Alexander,
De{>artments of Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Physiology, Medical Center,
Umversity of Virginia, P.O. Box 456, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, U.S.A
