Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam

477 Pages·2018·74.46 MB·English

by  Michael Frishkopf

Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam
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Music, Sound,
and Architecture
in Islam
Edited by
Michael Frishkopf
and Federico Spinetti
Foreword by
Ali S. Asani
The University of Texas Press    Austin
Copyright © 2018 by the University of Texas Press
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
First edition, 2018
This research was supported by the Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council of Canada.
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ANSI/NISO Z39.48- 1992 (R1997) (Permanence of Paper).
Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Frishkopf, Michael Aaron, editor. | Spinetti, Federico, editor.
Title: Music, sound, and architecture in Islam / edited by Michael Frishkopf and
Federico Spinetti.
Description: First edition. | Austin : University of Texas Press, 2018. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017036820| ISBN 978-1-4773-1245-2 (cloth : alk. paper) |
ISBN 978-1-4773-1246-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 978-1-4773-1247-6 (library e-book) |
ISBN 978-1-4773-1248-3 (nonlibrary e-book)
Subjects: LCSH: Music and architecture—Islamic countries. | Art and architecture—
Islamic countries. | Music—Social aspects—Islamic countries. | Music—Islamic
countries—History and criticism. | Architecture—Islamic countries—History and
criticism.
Classification: LCC ML3849 .M9393 2018 | DDC 700.917/67—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017036820
doi:10.7560/312452
CONTENTS
List of Figures, Plates, Charts, and Tables vii
Foreword xiii
Ali S. Asani
Acknowledgments xix
Introduction: Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam 1
Michael Frishkopf and Federico Spinetti
PARt ONe: Transregional
1. Listening to Islamic Gardens and Landscapes 19
D. Fairchild Ruggles
PARt twO: The Ottoman Empire and Turkey
2. A Sound Status among the Ottoman Elite:
Architectural Patrons of Sixteenth- Century
Istanbul Mosques and Their Recitation Programs 37
Nina Ergin
3. A Concert Platform: A Space for a Style in Turkish Music 59
John Morgan O’Connell
4. Articulating Otherness in the Construction of Alevi- Bektaşi
Rituals and Ritual Space in a Transnational Perspective 85
Irene Markoff
PARt tHRee: The Arab World
5. Venerating Cairo’s Saints through Monument and Ritual:
Islamic Reform and the Rise of the Architext 111
Michael Frishkopf
6. Nightingales and Sweet Basil:
The Cultural Geography of Aleppine Song 146
Jonathan H. Shannon
vi Contents
7. Aural Geometry: Poetry, Music, and
Architecture in the Arabic Tradition 166
Samer Akkach
PARt FOuR: Andalusia and Europe
8. Tents of Silk and Trees of Light in the Lands of Najd: The Aural
and the Visual at a Mawlid Celebration in the Alhambra 199
Cynthia Robinson
9. Aristocratic Residences and the Majlis in Umayyad Córdoba 228
Glaire D. Anderson
10. Sounds of Love and Hate: Sufi Rap, Ghetto Patrimony,
and the Concrete Politics of the French Urban Periphery 255
Paul A. Silverstein
PARt FIve: Central and South Asia
11. Ideal Form and Meaning in Sufi Shrines of Pakistan:
A Return to the Spirit 283
Kamil Khan Mumtaz
12. The Social and Sacred Microcosm of the Kiiz Üi: Space and Sound
in Rituals for the Dead among the Kazakhs of Mongolia 308
Saida Daukeyeva
PARt SIx: Iran
13. Listening to Pictures in Iran 339
Anthony Welch
14. Of Mirrors and Frames: Music, Sound,
and Architecture at the Iranian Zūrkhāneh 356
Federico Spinetti
References  385   Contributors  422   Index  426
Image and sound files to accompany this volume are available at
https://archnet.org
ILLUSTRATIONS
FIguReS
1.1. Court of the Lions and the Patio de la Acequia in 2007 25
1.2. Bayad plays the ʿūd to the lady, in the Bayad wa Riyad 28
1.3. Chihil Situn in 2011 31
2.1. Mimar Sinan, Kara Ahmed Paşa Mosque, and ground plan of the
mosque 46
2.2. Mimar Sinan, Hadım İbrahim Paşa Mosque, and ground plan of the
mosque 49
2.3. Mimar Sinan, Ferruh Kethüda Mosque 51
3.1. Münir Nurettin Selçuk (c. 1939) 60
3.2. The Darüttalimi musical ensemble (c. 1930) 64
3.3. Fransız Tiyatrosu, interior (2006) 67
3.4. Program of the “first” concert in the Fransız Tiyatrosu 70
4.1. Interior of the Nurtepe Cemevi congregational hall 92
4.2. Ziyaret töreni (visitation service) at the tomb of the Bektaşi saint
Deniz Ali Baba, Denizli, northeastern Bulgaria, 2012 99
4.3. Interior of the cemevi next to the tomb of Deniz Ali Baba, Denizli,
northeastern Bulgaria, 2012 100
5.1. Most prominent figures of the Ahl al- Bayt in Cairo 128
5.2. Ziyāra day at the maqām of Sayyida Zaynab; visitors reciting prayers
and touching the maqṣūra (lattice) 129
5.3. Location of Sidi ʿAli Zayn al- ʿAbidin’s mosque- shrine in Cairo 130
5.4. Saturday ziyāra and ḥaḍra at the mosque- shrine of Sidi ʿAli in 1998;
ziyāra and ḥaḍra schematic 135
5.5. The mosque- shrine of Sidi ʿAli in 2015 136
5.6. The mosque- shrine of Sidi ʿAli in 2015 (cont.) 137
vii
viii Illustrations
5.7. A munshid and his ensemble perform for his café audience; the
munshid turns to perform for aḥbāb (zuwwār) on the other side of
the gate; ziyāra and ḥaḍra schematic 138
6.1. Old City, Aleppo, 1997 151
6.2. New City, Damascus, 1997 152
6.3. Aleppo Citadel amphitheater, 2004 153
7.1. Folios from Safi al- Din al- Urmawi al- Baghdadi’s Kitab al- Adwar fi
al- Musiqa (Book of modes), thirteenth century 169
7.2. Spatial representation of a poem showing the recurrence of a
threefold prosodic circle 183
7.3. Spatial (two- and three- dimensional) expressions of the rotational
symmetry of regular geometry  184
7.4. Two folios from Safi al- Din al- Urmawi al- Baghdadi’s Kitab al- Adwar
fi al- Musiqa (Book of modes) 189
8.1. Plan, Alhambra Palace, Granada 200
8.2. Esplanade leading to the Cuarto Dorado and the Palace of Comares,
Alhambra Palace 201
9.1. Remains of the Central Pavilion opposite the Hall of ʿAbd
al- Rahman III, Madinat al- Zahraʾ 231
9.2. Triple- arched façade, House of the Pool, Madinat al- Zahraʾ 232
9.3. Garden scene, Bayad wa Riyad 233
9.4. Plan, al- Rummaniyya 234
9.5. Hypothetical visualization, al- Rummaniyya, western reception
hall 235
9.6. Imaginative visualization, al- Rummaniyya 237
9.7. Interior view, Dar al- Mulk 238
9.8. Tapestry, dyed wool and undyed linen, Egypt, ninth– tenth
century 241
9.9. Pyxis of al- Mughira, seated figures with musician; Davillier Pyxis,
late tenth Ce 242
9.10. Detail with musicians, Pamplona (aka Leyre) casket; Musicians
Capital, ʿūd player 243
Illustrations ix
9.11. Ivory, carved and inlaid with quartz and pigment, probably Córdoba,
tenth to early eleventh century 244
9.12. Musicians Capital, female (?) figure; marble tombstone of Umayyad
jariya ʿUqar 247
10.1. Housing project in the Parisian suburb of Clichy- sous- Bois, 2007 258
10.2. The former Masjid El Fath on rue Polonceau, Paris, future site of a
branch of the Institut des Cultures d’Islam, 2014 267
10.3. Future site of the main branch of the Institut des Cultures d’Islam on
rue Stéphenson, Paris, 2014 268
11.1. Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore, and parapets with mudakhil and eight-
pointed star 285
11.2. Dome medallions and quotations from Sufi masters, Wazir Khan
Mosque, Lahore 286
11.3. Banyan tree and clouds; cypresses in a garden signifying the Lovers
in Paradise, Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore 287
11.4. Cypress with intertwined vine, signifying the Lover and the Beloved,
Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore; muqarnas inside the mosque 288
11.5. Calligraphy with “Allah” and “Muhammad,” the Beloved and the
Lover, Wazir Khan Mosque; Persian inscription above the mosque’s
exit 289
11.6. Jalāl, Jamāl, and Kamāl, Badshahi Mosque, Lahore; interior of
mosque 295
11.7. Taj Mahal, Agra, elevation and plan 297
11.8. Tomb of Hazrat Dawood Bandagi, Shergarh, Pakistan 299
11.9. Pak Wigah Mosque, Gujrat, Pakistan 303
11.10. Volunteers working at the Pak Wigah Mosque 304
12.1. Yurts (kiiz üi), Tsengel sum, Bayan- Ölgii, August 2015 311
12.2. Wooden structure of a yurt, Ulaankhus sum, Bayan- Ölgii, August
2015 312
12.3. Ring at the top of a yurt, Ulaankhus sum, Bayan-Ö lgii, August 2015 313
12.4. A mourning kiiz üi next to a mud- and- brick house, Ölgii, Bayan- Ölgii,
August 2004 315