Murtada Ahmed Adam Ali B.Sc. in Physics, Omdurman Islamic University, 2009 A Thesis Submitted ...

81 Pages·2015·2.07 MB·English

j l l jh I 4&1
S u d a n a c a d e m y o f s c i e n c e s
A t o m ic E n e r g y C o u n c il
Evaluation o f R ad iation D ose In F acial Bones
and P aranasal Sinuses E xam in ation U sing
C om puted T om ograp h y
Murtada Ahmed Adam Ali
B.Sc. in Physics, Omdurman Islamic University, 2009
A Thesis Submitted As A Partial Fulfilment For Requirements Of
M.Sc. Degree In Medical Physics
Supervisor:
D r .A b d e lm o n e im A d a m M o h a m e d
May 2013
Evaluation o f R ad iation D ose In F a cia l Bones
and P aran asal Sinuses E xam in ation U sing
C om puted T om ograp h y
by:
Murtada Ahmed Adam Ali
E xam in ation C om m ittee
N a m e T it le S ig n a t u r e
P ro f. F a r o u k I d r i s H a b b a n i E x t e r n a l E x a m i n e r
D r . A b d e l m o n e i m A d a m S u p e r v i s o r
M o h a m e d
M r. A m a r .M . E L A M E E N A c a d e m i c A f f a i r s
R e p r e s e n t a t i v e
D ate o f E x a m :

r
A n d to m y fam ily.
I
First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude
to Dr. Abdelmoneim Adam Mohamed Sulieman for his support
and guidance. Without his help this work could not have been
accomplished. I also would like to thank Mr.Mubark Siddig for
his in data analysis.
Contents
Subject Page No.
1 *" 1
Luvi
Dedication 1
11 |
III
1 Acknowledgements j
VIII
1 List of tables j
i
1 List of figures ________ j
Abbreviations
XIII
A bstract
XIV
A bstract A rabic
C H A PT E R ONE
Ii\T H 0 1 )IJ C T I0 i\T ■
1
l.lC o m p u te d tom ography history and Development 1
1 1
1.2 R adiation exposure in CT 1
1.3 Problem of study |
L _ J
1.4 Objective of study
4
1.5 Thesis out Lines 1
CHAPTER TWO
— ■■■ "■ i i ■ ■■ I"'-'" ■■ i— ■■■w.i — ■ ■ .. ■ ■■ ... ■ ■■ ■« ■■■■■■J
K
■
IV
j
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND_______________ |
I 2.1 CT machine I
|
5
2.2 CT g a n try 1
12.1.1 X -ray tube, collimation, filtration
7 1
12.2.2 D ata acquisition system (DAS) 10
11
I 2.2.3 CT p atien t table or couch
j
2.3 C om puted tom ography generation_____________ |
|
1 2
|| 2.3.1 F irs t generation
12 l
12.3.2 Second generation__________________________ j
13 1
2.3.3 T h ird generation 1
14 |
J
j 2.3.4 F o u rth generation__________________________
15 |
j
j 2.3.5 Fifth generation
16 |
2.4 3D image reconstruction 17
2.5 R adiation quantity and unit 1 18
2.5.1Definition o fC T D I
18 1
2.5.2 Definition o f CTD I ______________________ 1
fda
1
19
_______ 2.5.3 Definition of CTDIioo_______________ | 20
2.5.4 Definition of CTDIw______________ _________ | 20
V
21
2.5.5 Definition o f CTDIvol 1
21 1
2.5.6 Definition o f DLP
22
2.6 Computed tomography scan and radiation risk
2.7 Facial bones and PNS sinuses
|
2 2
2.8 Dosimitry tools 1
|
2 5
26
2.8.1TLDs 1
26
2.8.2 OSLs |
26
2.8.3 Silicon diode dosimetry systems
27
2.8.4 M OSFET dosimetry |
2.8.5 Alanine dosimetry
|
2 7
2.8.6 Plastic scintillation system
|
2 7
2.8.7 Diamond dosimetry
|
2 7
2.8.8 Gel dosimetry
|
2 8
2.8.9 Chemical dosimetry
|
2 8
j
28
2.8.10 Phantom
28
2.8.11 Ionization chamber 1
2.9 Previous studies
|
2 9
CHAPTER THREE 1
MATERIALS ANI) METHODS
VI
3.1 Introduction
«- I
J
j
3.2 CT machines 35
J
3.3 Patient data 35
3.4 Radiation dose calculations
. . . M*
j
3.4 Clinical indication and patient preparation
|
3.5 CT protocol 1
3 9
3.6 Data analyses 1
4 0 1
C H A P T E R F O U R
R E S U L T S A N D D I S C U S S I O N
4.3 Discussion 1
4 9
C H A P T E R F IV E j
C O N C L U SIO N A N D R E C O M M E N D A T IO N S
■ j
5.1 Conclusion
j 5 6
5.2 Recommendations
1
1
■
5.3 Suggestion___________________________________ |
5.4 References
List o f tables
J
P a g e N o .
1
T a b l e _
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.1 Effective radiation dose in CT examination 1
with the different organs 1
: o 1
2.3 CT protocol used in Facial Bones and j TO
4.1 Patient exposure parameters and radiation 1 42
doses during CT examinations in ALamal 1
National Hospital 1
4.2 Patient exposure parameters and radiation
doses during CT examinations in Alribat
i
hospital
4.3 Dose comparison between two hospital 1
1 |
H i
•
4.4 Patient dose during CT for facial bones and
PNS in previous studies
” 1