Table Of ContentMulticampus University Systems
In the face of increasing social demand and cutbacks in state budgetary sup-
port, universities in African countries are now turning towards a multicampus
system strategy. As African governments have adopted neoliberal education
policies that place premium on entrepreneurialism, profi t making, privatiza-
tion, and markets as drivers of university development, a reshaping of the
academic work and organizational framework have taken place. However,
little is known about the impact of this paradigm shift on access, quality
and governance in higher education. This book fi lls the void in research and
academic knowledge about the impact of the emerging university confi gu-
rations in Africa. It analyzes the paradox surrounding the performance of
multicampus university systems as avenues of broadening university access
but whose structural success may be qualitatively contested.
This book off ers a refreshing examination of the African multicampus
university system from both an African and global perspective. It makes
use of empirical data from Kenya collected during extensive fi eldwork
along with substantive library and documentary resources on the rest of the
continents to fortify arguments and demonstrate important conclusions.
This allows for a comparative analysis of policies and strategies used in the
establishment of campuses, both within and beyond national boundaries in
the continent, and will be a welcome contribution to the existing repertoire
on African universities.
Ishmael I. Munene is Associate Professor in the Department of Educational
Leadership at Northern Arizona University, USA, and teaches courses in
Comparative Education, Higher Education, and Educational Research. He
has edited two volumes on African Higher Education including Africa:
An Interdisciplinary Primer in African Studies (2011) and Transforming the
Academia: Exploring African Universities in a Comparative Context (2009).
Routledge Research in International
and Comparative Education
This is a series that off ers a global platform to engage scholars in continu-
ous academic debate on key challenges and the latest thinking on issues in
the fast growing fi eld of International and Comparative Education.
Books in the series include:
1 Teaching in Primary Schools in 7 The Changing Landscape of
China and India International Schooling
Contexts of Learning Implications for Theory and
Nirmala Rao and Emma Pearson Practice
with Kai-ming Cheng and Tristan Bunnell
Margaret Taplin
8 Leading and Managing
2 A History of Higher Education Indigenous Education in the
Exchange Postcolonial World
China and America Zane Ma Rhea
Teresa Brawner Bevis
9 Multicampus University Systems
3 National Identity and Africa and the Kenyan Experience
Educational Reform Ishmael I. Munene
Contested Classrooms
Elizabeth Anderson Worden
4 Citizenship Education around
the World
Local Contexts and Global
Possibilities
Edited by John E. Petrovic
and Aaron M. Kuntz
5 Children’s Voices
Studies of Interethnic Confl ict and
Violence in European Schools
Edited by Mateja Sedmak,
Zorana Medarić and Sarah Walker
6 Culture, Transnational
Education and Thinking
Case Studies in Global Schooling
Niranjan Casinader
Multicampus
University Systems
Africa and the Kenyan Experience
Ishmael I. Munene
NEW YORK LONDON
First published 2015
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
© 2015 Taylor & Francis
The right of Ishmael I. Munene to be identified as author of this work
has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Munene, Ishmael I.
Multicampus university systems : Africa and the Kenyan experience /
Ishmael I. Munene.
pages cm — (Routledge research in international and comparative
education)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Universities and colleges—Africa. 2. Higher education and state—
Africa. 3. Universities and colleges—Kenya. 4. Higher education and
state—Kenya. I. Title.
LA1503.M856 2014
378.0096—dc23
2014007667
ISBN13: 978-0-415-82514-6 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978-0-203-65984-7 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by IBT Global.
Contents
List of Figures vii
List of Tables ix
List of Abbreviations xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xxiii
1 From the Ecclesiastical to the Multiversity: The Historical
Evolution of the African University 1
2 Mapping the Center and the Periphery: Theoretical Perspectives
and Methodology 20
3 Governance: The New Centralism versus Decentralization 45
4 Finance: Revenue Diversifi cation and Control 68
5 Quality: The Subordination of Scholarship 87
6 Equity and Access: The Privatized Campus and Unequal
Opportunities 107
7 Concluding Thoughts: Reframing the Multicampus University 123
References 139
Index 151
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Figures
2.1 Model of multicampus development and eff ect. 40
3.1 Administrative organization at Kenyatta University. 58
4.1 Distribution of revenue at Kenyatta University. 72
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Tables
1.1 Context of Medieval and Colonial Universities in Africa 8
1.2 Africa’s Investment Portfolio in a Comparative Perspective 13
1.3 Context of Developmental University and the Multiversity
in Africa 16
2.1 Major Theoretical Perspectives and Link to Multicampus
University Systems 33
2.2 Major Patterns of Campus Development in African
Universities 39
4.1 Kenyatta University Revenue Streams, 2005–2010
(KSH. 000,000) 71
4.2 Kenyatta University Revenue Streams, 2009–2010
(KSH. 000) 71
5.1 Student Enrollment and Faculty at Selected Campuses,
Kenyatta University, 2013 94
5.2 Students’ Rating of Availability of Services and Facilities in
Campuses 97
5.3 Summary of Quality Indicators at Kenyatta University’s
Main and Branch Campuses 105
6.1 State University Admissions from ASAL Regions as a
Percent of National Intake 111
6.2 Socioeconomic Status and State University Enrollment
in Kenya 115
