Table Of ContentJari Nurmi · Elena-Simona Lohan
Henk Wymeersch · Gonzalo Seco-Granados
Ossi Nykänen Editors
Multi-
Technology
Positioning
Multi-Technology Positioning
Jari Nurmi • Elena-Simona Lohan
Henk Wymeersch (cid:129) Gonzalo Seco-Granados
Ossi Nykänen
Editors
Multi-Technology
Positioning
123
Editors
JariNurmi Elena-SimonaLohan
TampereUniversityofTechnology TampereUniversityofTechnology
Tampere,Finland Tampere,Finland
HenkWymeersch GonzaloSeco-Granados
ChalmersUniversityofTechnology UniversitatAutonomadeBarcelona
Gothenburg,Sweden Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
OssiNykänen
TampereUniversityofTechnology
Tampere,Finland
ISBN978-3-319-50426-1 ISBN978-3-319-50427-8 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-50427-8
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017932537
©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2017
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Preface
Thisbookhasemergedasajointeffortofthefellowsandsomeofthesupervisors
intheMarieCurieInitialTrainingNetworkMULTI-POS,fundedbyEUFP7grant
number316528.Whenwehavestartedtoplanthewritingofthisbookin2015,we
knewthiswouldbeachallengingendeavour,notonlybecauseitwastobewritten
principallyby early stage researchersbut also because it wasaiming atgivingthe
full landscape of what wireless positioning world entails, from physical layer to
application layer, and at explaining the inherentlinks between the navigation and
communication worlds, which are typically addressed separately and by different
researchcommunities.
Ourbookaimsataddressingalldifferentlayersandaspectsinvolvedinwireless
positioning, from physical layer to application layer, from outdoor to indoor and
seamless positioning and from signal and system design to business models and
location-based services. Each chapter is dedicated to one or a couple of these
differentissues,andeachchapteraimsatpresentingthebasicoverviewofthetopic,
the main challenges and the main existing solutions. The book chapters also aim
at raising potential new research questions and pointing out which issues are still
currentlynotsolvedintheaddressedarea.
Thedetailedgoalsofthisbookare:
(cid:129) Tomakethepositioningtechnologymoreaccessibleforpeopleworkinginother
disciplines
(cid:129) Togiveanoverviewofmultiplepositioningtechniques,providinginsightonthe
pros,consandchallengesrelatedtothem
(cid:129) Toprovideinspirationtothereadersonhowtoutilizethepositioningtechnology
andlocationdataavailable
(cid:129) Toexplainsomeoftheavailabletoolsexistingintheliteraturetoinvestigatethe
worldofthelocation-basedservices
(cid:129) Toopennewavenuesinwaysofthinkingaboutthefuturejointcommunication
andnavigationworlds
(cid:129) Tooffersolutionstodealwithmobilitychallengestofreshgraduatesinterested
incross-sectorcross-fieldinternationalcareers.
v
vi Preface
Thetargetaudienceofthebookincludesthefollowinggroups:
(cid:129) Youngstudentsandprofessionalsembarkingonaninternationalcareer
(cid:129) Academic and industrial members involved or interested in Marie Curie EU
programmes
(cid:129) EUpolicymakersinvolvedinfuturedefinitionsofresearchmobilityprogrammes
(cid:129) People without strong technical background who want to understand the prin-
ciples of wireless navigation and positioning and the connections between the
communicationandnavigationworlds
(cid:129) Business developers, city council workers, entrepreneurs and innovators who
want to augment their technical background in the location-based services,
especiallythoserelatedtoemergency,environmentandhealth.
Thesebeingsaid,wehopethatbythecurrentbook,wewillbridgesomeofthe
missinggapsintheexistingliteratureandwewillprovidetothegeneralaudiencea
comprehensivebookonthemulti-technologypositioning.
Tampere,Finland JariNurmi
Tampere,Finland Elena-SimonaLohan
Gothenburg,Sweden HenkWymeersch
Barcelona,Spain GonzaloSeco-Granados
Tampere,Finland OssiNykänen
Acknowledgements
Wewouldliketostartbymentioningthatmostoftheworkleadingtothecreation
of this book was financially supported by EU FP7 Marie Curie Initial Training
Network MULTI-POS (multi-technology positioning professionals) under grant
number316528.
TheeditorswouldliketothankeachandeveryoneoftheMULTI-POSfellows
whoparticipatedinthebookwriting,fortheirtremendousworkinprovidingtimely
inputs and for their enthusiasm in cooperating in such a book project that will
hopefullybenefitfuturegenerationsoffellowsandresearchers.
The MULTI-POS fellows are listed in an alphabetical order (according to the
last name) in here: Anahid Basiri, Luis Bausa Lopez, Ondrej Daniel, Nunzia
Giorgia Ferrara, Pedro Figueiredo e Silva, Markus Fröhle, Andreas Gehrmann,
Anna Kolomijeca, Maciej Jerzy Pas´nikowski, Pekka Peltola, Paolo Pilleggi, Jussi
Raasakka,AlejandroRivero,SusannaSanchez,JanSanroma,ArashShahmansoori
andEnikShytermeja.
In particular, Pedro Figueiredo e Silva and Ondrej Daniel are warmly thanked
alsofortheirhelpwiththeLaTeXeditingissuesincreatingthebook.
We would also like to express our warm thanks to the following persons for
providingvaluablecriticism andfeedbackonourbookchapters:SimoAli-Löytty,
David Cuesta Frau, Armin Dammann, José A. Del Peral, Luca De Nardis, Fabio
Dovis,IgnacioFernándezHernández,DavidGómezCasco,JanJohansson,Ondrej
Kotaba,HelenaLeppäkoski,L.SrikarMuppirisetty,RobertPiché,RonaldRaulefs,
GeorgRehm,JesusSelva Vera,JoaquínTorres-SospedraandMikkoValkama.We
thankalsoHanaPelikanovaforcreatingtheMULTI-POSlogo.
vii
Contents
1 IntroductionandBookStructure......................................... 1
Elena-SimonaLohan,HenkWymeersch,OssiNykänen,
JariNurmi,andGonzaloSeco-Granados
2 MULTI-POS:Multi-TechnologyPositioningProfessionals
TrainingNetwork........................................................... 5
Elena-SimonaLohan,HenkWymeersch,OssiNykänen,
JariNurmi,andGonzaloSeco-Granados
3 UnderstandingtheGNSSSignalModel.................................. 13
OndrejDaniel,NunziaGiorgiaFerrara,PedroFigueiredoeSilva,
andJariNurmi
4 GNSSVulnerabilities....................................................... 55
SusanaMaríaSánchez-Naranjo,NunziaGiorgiaFerrara,
MaciejJerzyPas´nikowski,JussiRaasakka,EnikShytermeja,
RaúlRamos-Pollán,FabioAugustoGonzálezOsorio,
DanielMartínez,Elena-SimonaLohan,JariNurmi,
ManuelToledoLópez,OndrejKotaba,andOlivierJulien
5 GNSSQualityofServiceinUrbanEnvironment ....................... 79
EnikShytermeja,MaciejJerzyPas´nikowski,OlivierJulien,
andManuelToledoLópez
6 Multi-GNSS:FactsandIssues ............................................ 107
NunziaGiorgiaFerrara,OndrejDaniel,PedroFigueiredoeSilva,
JariNurmi,andElena-SimonaLohan
7 TowardsSeamlessNavigation............................................. 125
PekkaPeltolaandTerryMoore
ix
x Contents
8 MappingtheRadioWorldtoFindUs.................................... 149
PedroFigueiredoeSilva,NunziaGiorgiaFerrara,OndrejDaniel,
JariNurmi,andElena-SimonaLohan
9 Surveyon5GPositioning.................................................. 165
ArashShahmansoori,GonzaloSeco-Granados,
andHenkWymeersch
10 FormationControlofMulti-AgentSystemswithLocation
Uncertainty.................................................................. 197
MarkusFröhle,ThemistoklisCharalambous,HenkWymeersch,
SiweiZhang,andArminDammann
11 PositioningTechnologyApplicationsRelated
toEnvironmentalIssues.................................................... 217
AnnaKolomijeca
12 ContextAwarenessforSemanticMobileComputing................... 251
AlejandroRivero-RodriguezandOssiNykänen
13 The Impact ofGalileoOpenService onthe Location
BasedServicesMarkets:AReviewontheCostStructure
andthePotentialRevenueStreams....................................... 269
AnahidBasiri,Elena-SimonaLohan,andTerryMoore
14 LocationBasedServicesAnalysisThroughAnalytical
HierarchicalProcesses:Ane-Health-BasedCaseStudy ............... 283
Elena-SimonaLohan,PedroFigueiredoeSilva,AnahidBasiri,
andPekkaPeltola
15 DroneAlert:AutonomousDronesforEmergencyResponse........... 303
LuisBausá López,Niels vanManen,Erik vander Zee,
andStevenBos
16 MULTI-POS:LessonsLearntfromFellowsandSupervisors......... 323
Elena-SimonaLohan,JariNurmi,GonzaloSeco-Granados,
HenkWymeersch,andOssiNykänen
17 Conclusions.................................................................. 331
Elena-SimonaLohan,GonzaloSeco-Granados,HenkWymeersch,
OssiNykänen,andJariNurmi
AbouttheEditors ................................................................ 333
Acronyms ......................................................................... 335
Index............................................................................... 341
Chapter 1
Introduction and Book Structure
Elena-SimonaLohan,HenkWymeersch,OssiNykänen,JariNurmi,
andGonzaloSeco-Granados
Wireless positioning and navigation area is a prevalent area embroidered in the
majority of wireless communication devices and applications. The number of
technologies supporting wireless navigation has been continuously increasing in
the last decade, from those based on classical satellite navigation systems to
technologies employing inertial sensors, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)
andcellularsystems,andevenultra-soundandvisiblelightsystems.
Themotivationtowritesuchabookcamemainlyfromthefactthatthecurrent
literature is still missing compactoverviewsof the differentmulti-layeredaspects
of wireless positioning. For example, while many books have been dedicated to
satellite navigationsystems, especiallyto thewell-knownandwidespreadNavstar
Global Positioning System (GPS) system [8, 11, 13], the books dealing in a
compact and unified manner with the most recent positioning technologies, such
as WLAN, cellular (from 2nd to 5th generation), Radio Frequency Identification
RadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID),UltraWideBandUltraWideBand(UWB),
visiblelightandsoon,arestillhardtobefoundintheliterature.
On the other hand,booksdealingwith non-GNSSpositioningtechnologiesare
typicallyfocusedonlyonfewaspectsandfewlayersofthenon-GNSSsystem,such
asphysicallayeronlyorLocation-BasedServices(LBS)layeronly.Forexample,in
E.-S.Lohan((cid:2))(cid:129)O.Nykänen(cid:129)J.Nurmi
TampereUniversityofTechnology,Korkeakoulunkatu10,33720Tampere,Finland
e-mail:elena-simona.lohan@tut.fi;ossi.nykanen@tut.fi;jari.nurmi@tut.fi
H.Wymeersch
ChalmersUniversityofTechnology,DepartmentofSignalsandSystems,41296Gothenburg,
Sweden
e-mail:[email protected]
G.Seco-Granados
UniversitatAutonomadeBarcelona,Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2017 1
J.Nurmietal.(eds.),Multi-TechnologyPositioning,
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-50427-8_1
