Table Of Contentchapters-new_Mugabe's war Machine 05/08/2011 17:46 Page 1
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MUGABE S
WAR MACHINE
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Other related books by Paul Moorcraft
A Short Thousand Years: The End of Rhodesia’s Rebellion (1979)
Contact 2: The Struggle for Peace (1981)
Africa’s Superpower (1981)
Stander: bank robber(with Mike Cohen) (1984)
African Nemesis: War and Revolution in Southern Africa, 1945-2010 (1990)
What the hell am I doing here? Travels with an occasional
war correspondent (1995)
Guns and Poses: Travels with an occasional war correspondent(2001)
Axis of Evil: The War on Terror (with Gwyn Winfield and John Chisholm) (2005)
The New Wars of the West(with Gwyn Winfield and John Chisholm) (2006)
Inside the Danger Zones: Travels to Arresting Places(2010)
Shooting the Messenger: The Political Impact of War Reporting
(with Phil Taylor) (2011)
The Rhodesian War: A Military History(with Peter McLaughlin) (2011)
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MUGABE’S
WAR MACHINE
Saving or Savaging Zimbabwe?
PAUL MOORCRAFT
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First published in Great Britain in 2011 by
Pen & Sword Military
an imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
47 Church Street
Barnsley
South Yorkshire
S70 2AS
Copyright © Professor Paul Moorcraft, 2011
ISBN 978 1 84884 410 0
The right of Professor Paul Moorcraft to be identified as the
author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance
with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
A CIP catalogue record for this book is
available from the British Library
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including
photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval
system, without permission from the Publisher in writing.
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Chic Media Ltd
Printed and bound in England
by CPI
Pen & Sword Books Ltd incorporates the imprints of
Pen & Sword Aviation, Pen & Sword Family History, Pen & Sword Maritime,
Pen & Sword Military, Pen & Sword Discovery, Wharncliffe Local History,
Wharncliffe True Crime, Wharncliffe Transport, Pen & Sword Select,
Pen & Sword Military Classics, Leo Cooper, Remember When,
The Praetorian Press, Seaforth Publishing and Frontline Publishing
For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
47 Church Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2AS, England
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.pen-and-sword.co.uk
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Contents
About the Author.................................................................................................7
Abbreviations.......................................................................................................9
List of Maps and Illustrations............................................................................11
Introduction........................................................................................................15
1 Mugabe: A Revolutionary Tyrant..............................................................18
2 White Conquest of the Land: The First Chimurenga................................23
3 The ‘Second Chimurenga’ –Internal and International Dynamics..........34
4 Mugabe’s Liberation War..........................................................................44
5 Mugabe Comes to Power..........................................................................83
6 Civil War and Ethnic Cleansing................................................................98
7 Foreign Fronts..........................................................................................110
8 The Self-Destruction of Zimbabwe.........................................................140
9 Days of the Generals...............................................................................157
10 Zimbabwe After Mugabe.........................................................................171
Conclusion: Mugabe’s Legacy........................................................................188
Bibliography....................................................................................................197
Index................................................................................................................201
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About the Author
Professor Paul Moorcraft lived in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe from 1976-
81. He covered the war, inter alia, for Time magazine, and also taught
politics and history at the University of Rhodesia/Zimbabwe. His doctorate
was on the intelligence and military failures of the Rhodesian government.
He also served in the A Reserve of the BSAP/ZRP for eighteen months,
after December 1979. In addition, he worked extensively as a journalist
covering the conflicts throughout southern Africa from 1981-88, including
reporting in both Angola and Mozambique. Later, he was the editor of a
range of security and foreign policy magazines, including Defence Review
and Defence International. He worked for most of the Western TV
networks as a freelance producer/war correspondent as well as lecturing
full-time around the world at ten major universities in journalism, politics
and international relations. He was a Distinguished Radford Visiting
Professor in Journalism at Baylor University, Texas. He has worked in
thirty war zones in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Balkans, often
with irregular forces, most recently in Afghanistan, Iraq, Palestine/Israel,
Darfur and Nepal.
Paul Moorcraft is a former senior instructor at the Royal Military
Academy, Sandhurst, and the UK Joint Services Command and Staff
College. He also worked in Corporate Communications in the Ministry of
Defence in Whitehall. In 2003 he was recalled temporarily to government
service in Whitehall and Iraq. He still serves in various occasional MoD
research groups.
In 2010, he was the head of mission for the British independent observer
group comprising fifty observers at the Sudan elections. In January 2011,
he returned to cover the referendum in South Sudan.
He is the author of a wide range of books on military history, politics
and crime, as well as being an award-winning novelist. Paul Moorcraft is a
regular broadcaster and contributor to UK and US newspapers (with
frequent columns in the Washington Times, Business Day [Johannesburg],
the Guardian etc) as well as a pundit on BBC TV and Radio, Al-Jazeera etc.
His co-authored study, with Professor Phil Taylor, Shooting the Messenger:
The Political Impact of War Reporting, was published in 2008; the
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8 Mugabe’s War Machine
paperback in 2011. Dr Moorcraft also co-authored the acclaimed The
Rhodesian War: A Military History in 2008; paperback in 2011. His most
recent military book is Inside the Danger Zones: Travels to Arresting Places
(2010).
Dr Moorcraft is currently the director of the Centre for Foreign Policy
Analysis, London, as well as being a Visiting Professor at Cardiff
University’s School of Journalism, Media and Cultural Studies.
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Abbreviations
The English versions are used here for consistency, not the Afrikaans or Portuguese
original.
AFZ Air Force of Zimbabwe
ANC African National Congress (South Africa)
AU African Union
BMATT British Military Advisory and Training Team
BOSS Bureau for State Security
BSAP British South Africa Police
CIO Central Intelligence Organisation
COIN Counter-insurgency
ComOps Combined Operations HQ, Salisbury
DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo
FPLM FRELIMO’s military wing
FRELIMO Mozambique Liberation Front
GNU Government of National Unity
GPA Global Political Agreement
JOC Joint Operations Command
JOMIC Joint Monitoring Implementation Committee
KP Kimberley Process
MDC Movement for Democratic Change
MDC-M Movement for Democratic Change - Mutambara
MDC-T Movement for Democratic Change - Tsvangirai
MNR See RENAMO
OAU Organisation of African Unity
PAC Pan-Africanist Congress
PF Patriotic Front
PISI Police Internal Security and Intelligence unit
RENAMO Mozambique National Resistance
RAF Rhodesian Air Force
RAR Rhodesian African Rifles
RBC Rhodesian Broadcasting Corporation
RF Rhodesian Front
RLI Rhodesian Light Infantry
