MRI Handbook: MR Physics, Patient Positioning, and Protocols

331 Pages·2012·9.68 MB·English

by  Muhammed Elmaoğlu

MRI Handbook
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MRI Handbook
MR Physics, Patient Positioning,
and Protocols
Muhammed Elmao lu
Department of Medical Imaging Technologies
Yeni Yüzyıl University, Yılanlı Ayazma Caddesi 26,
Cevizliba Topkapı, Istanbul, Turkey
Azim Çelik, PhD
General Electric Medical Systems
Siteler Mah. 1313 Sokak, Tuncaylar Sitesi A Blok Kat: 9 No: 20
Antalya, Turkey
Foreword by
Muzaffer Basak
Azim Çelik, PhD Muhammed Elmaoğlu
General Electric Medical Systems Department of Medical
Siteler Mah. 1313 Sokak Imaging Technologies
Tuncaylar Sitesi A Blok Kat: 9 Yeni Yüzyil University
No: 20, Antalya, Turkey Yilanli Ayazma Caddesi 26
[email protected] Cevizlibağ Topkapi
Istanbul, Turkey
[email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4614-1095-9 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-1096-6
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1096-6
Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2011938684
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without
the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233
Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection
with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms,
even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to
whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the
date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any
legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes
no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
This book is dedicated to my late father, late mother,
my dear wife and my two beautiful children.
Azim Çelik
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Preface

After the first MR image was acquired in experimental phantom tubes almost
40 years ago, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed significantly
and become one of today’s most interesting and irreplaceable imaging modali-
ties. MRI is used to find answers to medical questions by utilizing various con-
trast mechanisms independently or in combination, which is different from
other imaging modalities. However, using an MRI system effectively depends
mainly on a good understanding of underlying physical principles, correct use
of the MR protocols, correct patient positioning, and graphical prescription.
These main sections form the basis of a good MR scanning routine in clinical
practice.
In this book, MRI principles, patient positioning, and protocols are
explained in a very easy to understand manner and supported with hundreds
of pictures for everyday routine clinical scanning. The book itself is based on
the 25 years of combined, unique experience of the authors on teaching MRI
principles, creating protocols, teaching routines, and advanced MRI in many
different countries. We have witnessed again and again that MRI scanning and
applications may differ significantly depending on countries and institutes.
Therefore, we organized this book in an easy to follow manner with intuitive
sections, so that anyone can look up a specific topic or entire section very easily
as described below.
Basic MRI Principles: From Chaps. 1 – 5 , basic MRI principles that anybody
who works or plans to work with an MRI should know are explained in a clear
and concise manner. For cross-reference among different MR manufacturers,
pulse sequence naming tables are created to include the old and new pulse
sequences.
MR safety, patient positioning, graphical prescription, and protocol exam-
ples: From Chaps. 6 – 11 the practical scanning information for MR users are
given in easy to follow sections, supported by pictures and protocol tables.
Based on patient safety, these chapters are designed to explain tips and tricks
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for best MR image quality with coil positioning, patient positioning, graphical
prescriptions, and sample protocols. This book is a product of a diligent and
intensive work and we believe that it will guide you to understand how to get
excellent MRI images. We truly hope that this book will be a great resource
for all MR technicians, radiology specialists, assistants, research associates, and
everyone who wants to learn MRI.
Azim Çelik, PhD
Muhammed Elmaoğlu, RT
Foreword
Dear Reader,
Magnetic resonance imaging has almost always been one of the most difficult
imaging modalities to learn due to its somewhat complicated physical prin-
ciples and difficulties of “fine tuning” the protocols for patients. However, it has
always been the center of attention due to its noninvasive and safer nature for
clinical routine.
There have been a number of books published recently on MRI by respect-
able colleagues explaining MRI, its principles, and clinical applications. These
books brought tremendous wealth of knowledge to the MRI community and
are well appreciated by many radiologists all over the world. However, the book
you are holding is completely different than what I have seen so far. It explains
the MRI physics in a very easy to understand manner and more importantly
provides much needed information on patient positioning, graphical prescrip-
tions, and protocols in pictures. The saying “A picture is worth a thousand
words” is the best way to describe this book I believe. Even though I am aware
that each institute has their own techniques and protocols they use for everyday
routine, based on American College of Radiology (ACR) recommendations,
this book can be a reference book for MR radiographers who want a new way
of scanning or additional ways of scanning to improve their work practices.
I would like to congratulate the authors for taking their time to write this
very valuable book and hope that it will contribute significantly to the MRI
community.
Istanbul, Turkey Muzaffer Basak
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