MPLS Guide R14.0.R1

872 Pages·2016·4.86 MB·Romanian

MPLS GUIDE RELEASE 14.0.R1
Alcatel-Lucent
7450 ETHERNET SERVICE SWITCH
7750 SERVICE ROUTER
7950 EXTENSIBLE ROUTING SYSTEM
MPLS GUIDE
RELEASE 14.0.R1
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Table of Contents
Getting Started......................................................................................................................................13
About This Guide................................................................................................................................................13
Alcatel-Lucent Router Configuration Process.....................................................................................................13
MPLS and RSVP ..................................................................................................................................15
In This Chapter...................................................................................................................................................15
MPLS..................................................................................................................................................................16
MPLS Label Stack.........................................................................................................................................17
Label Values............................................................................................................................................18
MPLS Entropy Label and Hash Label...........................................................................................................19
Inserting and Processing the Entropy Label............................................................................................21
Egress LER..............................................................................................................................................22
Mapping Entropy Label and Entropy Label Capability at LSP Stitching Points........................................23
Entropy Label on OAM Packets...............................................................................................................23
Label Switching Routers................................................................................................................................23
LSP Types................................................................................................................................................24
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection for MPLS LSPs......................................................................................25
Bootstrapping the BFD Session...............................................................................................................26
LSP BFD Configuration............................................................................................................................26
Enabling and Implementing Limits for LSP BFD on a Node....................................................................27
BFD Configuration on RSVP-TE LSPs....................................................................................................27
MPLS Facility Bypass Method of MPLS Fast Re-Route (FRR)................................................................29
Manual Bypass LSP.................................................................................................................................29
Uniform FRR Failover Time ....................................................................................................................33
MPLS/RSVP on Broadcast Interface.......................................................................................................33
Automatic Bandwidth Allocation for RSVP LSPs.....................................................................................34
RSVP..................................................................................................................................................................42
Using RSVP for MPLS..................................................................................................................................44
RSVP Traffic Engineering Extensions for MPLS......................................................................................45
Hello Protocol...........................................................................................................................................45
MD5 Authentication of RSVP Interface....................................................................................................45
Configuring Authentication using Keychains............................................................................................46
Reservation Styles........................................................................................................................................47
RSVP Message Pacing............................................................................................................................48
RSVP Overhead Refresh Reduction.............................................................................................................48
RSVP Graceful Restart Helper......................................................................................................................49
Enhancements to RSVP control plane congestion control............................................................................49
RSVP LSP Statistics.....................................................................................................................................50
P2MP RSVP-TE LSP Statistics.....................................................................................................................51
Configuring RSVP P2MP LSP Egress Statistics......................................................................................52
Configuring RSVP P2MP LSP Ingress Statistics.....................................................................................53
Configuring Implicit Null...........................................................................................................................54
Using Unnumbered Point-to-Point Interface in RSVP...................................................................................55
Operation of RSVP FRR Facility Backup over Unnumbered Interface....................................................57
MPLS Transport Profile......................................................................................................................................58
MPLS-TP Model............................................................................................................................................59
MPLS Guide 3
Table of Contents
MPLS-TP Provider Edge and Gateway.........................................................................................................60
VLL Services............................................................................................................................................60
Spoke-SDP Termination..........................................................................................................................61
MPLS-TP LSR...............................................................................................................................................63
Detailed Descriptions of MPLS-TP................................................................................................................63
MPLS-TP LSPs........................................................................................................................................63
MPLS-TP on Pseudowires.......................................................................................................................64
MPLS-TP Maintenance Identifiers.................................................................................................................64
Generic Associated Channel....................................................................................................................68
MPLS-TP Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM)..............................................................69
PW Control Channel Status Notifications (Static Pseudowire Status Signaling)......................................73
PW Control Channel Status Request Mechanism...................................................................................75
Pseudowire Redundancy and Active / Standby Dual Homing.................................................................75
Lock Instruct and Loopback for MPLS-TP Pseudowires..........................................................................76
MPLS-TP LSP Protection.........................................................................................................................77
Switching Static MPLS-TP to Dynamic T-LDP Signaled PWs......................................................................80
Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)........................................................................................................................81
Configuring MPLS-TP ..................................................................................................................................82
Configuration Overview............................................................................................................................83
Node-Wide MPLS-TP Parameter Configuration......................................................................................83
Node-Wide MPLS-TP Identifier Configuration.........................................................................................84
Static LSP and Pseudowire (VC) Label and Tunnel Ranges...................................................................85
Interface Configuration for MPLS-TP.......................................................................................................86
LER Configuration for MPLS-TP..............................................................................................................88
Intermediate LSR Configuration for MPLS-TP LSPs...............................................................................95
MPLS-TP Show Commands.........................................................................................................................96
Static MPLS Labels..................................................................................................................................96
MPLS-TP Tunnel Configuration...............................................................................................................96
MPLS-TP Path configuration ...................................................................................................................98
MPLS-TP Protection..............................................................................................................................101
MPLS TP Node Configuration................................................................................................................102
MPLS-TP Interfaces...............................................................................................................................104
MPLS-TP Debug Commands .....................................................................................................................104
Traffic Engineering...........................................................................................................................................106
TE Metric (IS-IS and OSPF)........................................................................................................................107
Admin Group Support on Facility Bypass Backup LSP...............................................................................107
Procedures at Head-End Node..............................................................................................................108
Procedures at PLR Node.......................................................................................................................108
Diff-Serv Traffic Engineering.......................................................................................................................110
Mapping of Traffic to a Diff-Serv LSP.....................................................................................................111
Admission Control of Classes................................................................................................................111
RSVP Control Plane Extensions............................................................................................................116
IGP Extensions......................................................................................................................................116
Diff-Serv TE Configuration and Operation.............................................................................................116
Diff-Serv TE LSP Class Type Change under Failure..................................................................................120
LSP Primary Path Retry Procedures......................................................................................................120
Bandwidth Sharing Across Class Types................................................................................................123
Downgrading the CT of Bandwidth Sharing LSP Paths.........................................................................124
Upgrading the CT of Bandwidth Sharing LSP Paths..............................................................................125
4 MPLS Guide
Table of Contents
Advanced MPLS/RSVP Features.....................................................................................................................125
Extending RSVP LSP to use Loopback Interfaces Other Than router-id....................................................126
LSP Path Change........................................................................................................................................127
Manual LSP Path Switch.............................................................................................................................128
Make-Before-Break (MBB) Procedures for LSP/Path Parameter Configuration Change...........................128
Automatic Creation of RSVP-TE LSP Mesh................................................................................................129
RSVP-TE LSP Shortcut for IGP Resolution................................................................................................131
Using LSP Relative Metric with IGP Shortcut........................................................................................133
ECMP Considerations............................................................................................................................134
Handling of Control Packets...................................................................................................................134
Forwarding Adjacency............................................................................................................................135
LDP Forwarding over IGP Shortcut........................................................................................................136
Handling of Multicast Packets................................................................................................................136
RSVP-TE LSP Signaling using LSP Template............................................................................................138
Shared Risk Link Groups............................................................................................................................138
Enabling Disjoint Backup Paths.............................................................................................................139
SRLG Penalty Weights for Detour and Bypass LSPs............................................................................141
Static Configurations of SRLG Memberships.........................................................................................142
TE Graceful Shutdown................................................................................................................................144
Soft Preemption of Diff-Serv RSVP LSP.....................................................................................................144
Least-Fill Bandwidth Rule in CSPF ECMP Selection..................................................................................144
Inter-Area TE LSP (ERO Expansion Method).............................................................................................145
Area Border Node FRR Protection for Inter-Area LSP...........................................................................145
Inter-Area LSP support of OSPF Virtual Links.......................................................................................149
Area Border Node FRR Protection for Inter-Area LSP...........................................................................149
Automatic Creation of a RSVP Mesh LSP..................................................................................................151
Feature Configuration............................................................................................................................151
Feature Behavior....................................................................................................................................152
Multi-Area and Multi-Instance Support...................................................................................................153
Mesh LSP Name Encoding and Statistics..............................................................................................154
Timer-based Reversion for RSVP-TE LSPs................................................................................................154
Automatic Creation of an RSVP One-Hop LSP...........................................................................................155
Feature Configuration............................................................................................................................155
Feature Behavior....................................................................................................................................156
MPLS Entropy Label ..................................................................................................................................157
Point-to-Multipoint (P2MP) RSVP LSP.............................................................................................................157
Application in Video Broadcast....................................................................................................................157
P2MP LSP Data Plane................................................................................................................................158
Procedures at Ingress LER Node..........................................................................................................159
Procedures at LSR Node.......................................................................................................................159
Procedures at Branch LSR Node...........................................................................................................160
Procedures at Egress LER Node...........................................................................................................160
Procedures at BUD LSR Node...............................................................................................................160
Ingress Path Management for P2MP LSP Packets.....................................................................................161
Ingress P2MP Path Management on XCM/IOM-3/IMMs ......................................................................162
Ingress P2MP Path Management on IOM-2..........................................................................................163
RSVP Control Plane in a P2MP LSP..........................................................................................................164
Forwarding Multicast Packets over RSVP P2MP LSP in the Base Router.................................................167
Procedures at Ingress LER Node..........................................................................................................167
MPLS Guide 5
Table of Contents
Procedures at Egress LER Node...........................................................................................................168
Segment Routing With Traffic Engineering (SR-TE)........................................................................................169
Configuring and Operating SR-TE..............................................................................................................170
SR-TE LSP Configuration Overview......................................................................................................171
SR-TE LSP Instantiation........................................................................................................................172
SR-TE LSP Path Computation...............................................................................................................180
SR-TE LSP Protection...........................................................................................................................181
Data Path Support..................................................................................................................................183
Static Route Resolution using SR-TE LSP............................................................................................188
BGP Shortcut using SR-TE LSP............................................................................................................188
BGP Label Route Resolution using SR-TE LSP....................................................................................189
Service Packet Forwarding using SR-TE LSP.......................................................................................189
MPLS Service Usage.......................................................................................................................................190
Service Distribution Paths...........................................................................................................................191
MPLS/RSVP Configuration Process Overview.................................................................................................191
Configuration Notes..........................................................................................................................................192
Configuring MPLS and RSVP with CLI.............................................................................................................193
MPLS Configuration Overview.........................................................................................................................193
LSPs............................................................................................................................................................194
Paths...........................................................................................................................................................194
Router Interface...........................................................................................................................................194
Choosing the Signaling Protocol.................................................................................................................194
Basic MPLS Configuration................................................................................................................................195
Common Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................196
Configuring MPLS Components..................................................................................................................196
Configuring Global MPLS Parameters........................................................................................................197
Configuring an MPLS Interface...................................................................................................................197
Configuring MPLS Paths.............................................................................................................................198
Configuring an MPLS LSP..........................................................................................................................199
Configuring a Static LSP........................................................................................................................200
Configuring Manual Bypass Tunnels...........................................................................................................200
Configuring RSVP Parameters.........................................................................................................................202
Configuring RSVP Message Pacing Parameters........................................................................................202
Configuring Graceful Shutdown..................................................................................................................203
MPLS Configuration Management Tasks.........................................................................................................203
Deleting MPLS............................................................................................................................................203
Modifying MPLS Parameters.......................................................................................................................204
Modifying an MPLS LSP.............................................................................................................................204
Modifying MPLS Path Parameters..............................................................................................................205
Modifying MPLS Static LSP Parameters.....................................................................................................205
Deleting an MPLS Interface........................................................................................................................206
RSVP Configuration Management Tasks.........................................................................................................206
Modifying RSVP Parameters.......................................................................................................................206
Modifying RSVP Message Pacing Parameters...........................................................................................207
Deleting an Interface from RSVP................................................................................................................208
MPLS/RSVP Configuration Command Reference...........................................................................................209
Command Hierarchies.................................................................................................................................209
MPLS Commands..................................................................................................................................209
MPLS-TP Commands............................................................................................................................211
6 MPLS Guide
Table of Contents
LSP Commands.....................................................................................................................................212
lsp-bfd Commands.................................................................................................................................217
MPLS Path Commands..........................................................................................................................217
RSVP Commands..................................................................................................................................217
Command Descriptions...............................................................................................................................219
MPLS Commands..................................................................................................................................219
RSVP Commands..................................................................................................................................310
MPLS/RSVP Show, Tools, Router, Clear, and Debug Command Reference..................................................333
Command Hierarchies.................................................................................................................................333
Show Commands...................................................................................................................................333
Tools Commands...................................................................................................................................335
Router Commands.................................................................................................................................335
Clear Commands...................................................................................................................................336
Debug Commands.................................................................................................................................336
Command Descriptions...............................................................................................................................337
Show Commands...................................................................................................................................337
Show Router BFD session Commands..................................................................................................398
Show RSVP Commands........................................................................................................................399
Tools Commands...................................................................................................................................418
Clear Commands...................................................................................................................................432
Debug Commands.................................................................................................................................436
GMPLS.................................................................................................................................................443
In This Chapter.................................................................................................................................................443
GMPLS.............................................................................................................................................................443
Example Applications..................................................................................................................................444
Use Case 1: Dynamic Connection Setup with Constraints....................................................................444
Use Case 2: Multi-Layer Resiliency.......................................................................................................445
GMPLS UNI Architecture..................................................................................................................................446
Addressing and End-to-End gLSP Architecture..........................................................................................448
1830PSS Identifiers.........................................................................................................................................449
Recovery Reference Models............................................................................................................................450
End to End Recovery (IP-layer)...................................................................................................................451
End to End ECMP.......................................................................................................................................451
End to End Load Sharing Using a Load Sharing GMPLS Tunnel Group....................................................452
End to End Recovery (GMPLS Layer)........................................................................................................453
Unprotected gLSP..................................................................................................................................453
Full LSP Rerouting.................................................................................................................................454
1: N Protection.......................................................................................................................................455
Optical Segment Recovery....................................................................................................................457
Configuring GMPLS with CLI............................................................................................................................459
GMPLS Configuration Overview.......................................................................................................................459
LMP and IPCC Configuration...........................................................................................................................460
Configuration of IP Communication Channels for LMP and RSVP.............................................................460
Configuring LMP..........................................................................................................................................461
Configuring Traffic Engineering Links and Data Bearers............................................................................462
Configuring MPLS Paths for GMPLS...............................................................................................................465
Configuring RSVP in GMPLS...........................................................................................................................466
Configuring a GMPLS LSP on the UNI.............................................................................................................467
MPLS Guide 7
Table of Contents
gLSP Constraints........................................................................................................................................469
Bandwidth.........................................................................................................................................................470
Shared Risk Link Groups..................................................................................................................................471
Optical Network Segment Recovery.................................................................................................................472
Configuration of End-to-End GMPLS Recovery...............................................................................................473
GMPLS Tunnel Groups....................................................................................................................................476
Configuring IP and MPLS in an Overlay Network to Use a GMPLS LSP.........................................................478
Configuration Notes..........................................................................................................................................478
GMPLS Configuration Command Reference...................................................................................................479
Command Hierarchies.................................................................................................................................479
LMP Commands....................................................................................................................................479
GMPLS Commands...............................................................................................................................480
GMPLS Tunnel Group Commands........................................................................................................481
Command Descriptions...............................................................................................................................481
LMP Commands....................................................................................................................................481
GMPLS Commands...............................................................................................................................489
Show, Clear, Debug, and Tools Command Reference....................................................................................509
Command Hierarchies.................................................................................................................................509
Show Commands...................................................................................................................................509
Clear Commands...................................................................................................................................509
Debug Commands.................................................................................................................................510
Tools Commands...................................................................................................................................510
Command Descriptions...............................................................................................................................511
Show Commands...................................................................................................................................511
Clear Commands...................................................................................................................................518
Debug Commands.................................................................................................................................518
Tools Commands...................................................................................................................................524
PCEP ...................................................................................................................................................539
In This Chapter.................................................................................................................................................539
Introduction to the Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP).....................................................................539
PCC and PCE Configuration.......................................................................................................................542
Base Implementation of Path Computation Elements (PCE)......................................................................543
PCEP Session Establishment and Maintenance.........................................................................................545
PCEP Parameters.......................................................................................................................................546
Stateful PCE...........................................................................................................................................547
PCEP Extensions in Support of SR-TE LSPs........................................................................................549
LSP Initiation..........................................................................................................................................551
PCEP Configuration Command Reference......................................................................................................557
Command Hierarchies.................................................................................................................................557
PCEP Commands..................................................................................................................................557
Command Descriptions...............................................................................................................................558
PCEP Commands..................................................................................................................................558
Label Distribution Protocol ..............................................................................................................563
In This Chapter.................................................................................................................................................563
Label Distribution Protocol................................................................................................................................564
LDP and MPLS............................................................................................................................................564
LDP Architecture.........................................................................................................................................565
8 MPLS Guide
Table of Contents
Subsystem Interrelationships......................................................................................................................566
Memory Manager and LDP....................................................................................................................567
Label Manager.......................................................................................................................................567
LDP Configuration..................................................................................................................................567
Logger....................................................................................................................................................567
Service Manager....................................................................................................................................567
Execution Flow............................................................................................................................................568
Initialization............................................................................................................................................568
Session Lifetime.....................................................................................................................................568
Label Exchange ..........................................................................................................................................569
Other Reasons for Label Actions...........................................................................................................569
Cleanup..................................................................................................................................................570
Configuring Implicit Null Label................................................................................................................570
Global LDP Filters.......................................................................................................................................570
Per LDP Peer FEC Import and Export Policies......................................................................................571
Configuring Multiple LDP LSR ID................................................................................................................572
T-LDP hello reduction..................................................................................................................................573
Tracking a T-LDP Peer with BFD................................................................................................................573
Link LDP Hello Adjacency Tracking with BFD.............................................................................................574
LDP LSP Statistics......................................................................................................................................574
TTL Security for BGP and LDP........................................................................................................................575
ECMP Support for LDP....................................................................................................................................575
Label Operations.........................................................................................................................................576
Unnumbered Interface Support in LDP............................................................................................................577
Feature Configuration..................................................................................................................................577
Operation of LDP over an Unnumbered IP Interface..................................................................................577
Link LDP.................................................................................................................................................578
Targeted LDP.........................................................................................................................................579
FEC Resolution......................................................................................................................................579
LDP over RSVP Tunnels..................................................................................................................................580
Signaling and Operation..............................................................................................................................581
LDP Label Distribution and FEC Resolution..........................................................................................582
Default FEC Resolution Procedure........................................................................................................582
FEC Resolution Procedure When prefer-tunnel-in-tunnel is Enabled....................................................583
Rerouting Around Failures..........................................................................................................................583
LDP-over-RSVP Tunnel Protection........................................................................................................583
ABR Protection.......................................................................................................................................584
LDP over RSVP Without Area Boundary..........................................................................................................584
LDP over RSVP and ECMP........................................................................................................................585
Class-Based Forwarding of LDP Prefix Packets over IGP Shortcuts...............................................................585
Configuration and Operation.......................................................................................................................586
LDP ECMP Uniform Failover............................................................................................................................588
LDP Fast-Reroute for IS-IS and OSPF Prefixes...............................................................................................589
LDP FRR Configuration...............................................................................................................................590
Reducing the Scope of the LFA Calculation by SPF..............................................................................590
LDP FRR Procedures..................................................................................................................................591
ECMP Considerations............................................................................................................................592
LDP FRR and LDP Shortcut..................................................................................................................593
LDP FRR and LDP-over-RSVP..............................................................................................................593
MPLS Guide 9
Table of Contents
LDP FRR and RSVP Shortcut (IGP Shortcut)........................................................................................593
IS-IS and OSPF Support for Loop-Free Alternate Calculation....................................................................594
Loop-Free Alternate Calculation in the Presence of IGP shortcuts........................................................597
Loop-Free Alternate Calculation for Inter-Area/inter-Level Prefixes.......................................................598
Loop-Free Alternate Shortest Path First (LFA SPF) Policies.................................................................599
mLDP Fast Upstream Switchover....................................................................................................................599
LDP FEC to BGP Label Route Stitching...........................................................................................................599
Configuration...............................................................................................................................................601
Detailed LDP FEC Resolution.....................................................................................................................602
Detailed BGP Labeled Route Resolution....................................................................................................602
Data Plane Forwarding................................................................................................................................603
LDP-SR Stitching for IPv4 prefixes (IS-IS).......................................................................................................603
LDP-SR Stitching Configuration..................................................................................................................603
Stitching in the LDP-to-SR Direction...........................................................................................................605
Stitching in the SR-to-LDP Direction...........................................................................................................607
LDP FRR Remote LFA Backup using SR Tunnel for IPv4 Prefixes (IS-IS)......................................................609
Automatic Creation of a Targeted Hello Adjacency and LDP Session.............................................................610
Feature Configuration..................................................................................................................................610
Feature Behavior.........................................................................................................................................612
Multicast P2MP LDP for GRT...........................................................................................................................614
LDP P2MP Support..........................................................................................................................................615
LDP P2MP Configuration............................................................................................................................616
LDP P2MP Protocol....................................................................................................................................616
Make Before Break (MBB)..........................................................................................................................616
ECMP Support............................................................................................................................................616
Multicast LDP Fast Upstream Switchover........................................................................................................617
Feature Configuration..................................................................................................................................617
Feature Behavior.........................................................................................................................................618
Uniform Failover from Primary to Backup ILM............................................................................................620
Multi-Area and Multi-Instance Extensions to LDP ...........................................................................................621
LDP Shortcut for BGP Next-Hop Resolution...............................................................................................621
LDP Shortcut for IGP Routes......................................................................................................................622
LDP Shortcut Configuration...................................................................................................................622
IGP Route Resolution............................................................................................................................623
LDP Shortcut Forwarding Plane.............................................................................................................624
ECMP Considerations.................................................................................................................................624
Disabling TTL Propagation in an LSP Shortcut...........................................................................................624
LDP Graceful Handling of Resource Exhaustion..............................................................................................625
LDP Base Graceful Handling of Resources................................................................................................625
LDP Enhanced Graceful Handling of Resources.............................................................................................627
LSR Overload Notification...........................................................................................................................627
LSR Overload Protection Capability............................................................................................................628
Procedures for LSR overload protection.....................................................................................................629
User Guidelines and Troubleshooting Procedures...........................................................................................630
Common Procedures..................................................................................................................................630
Base Resource Handling Procedures.........................................................................................................631
Enhanced Resource Handling Procedures.................................................................................................635
LDP IPv6 Control and Data Planes..................................................................................................................638
LDP Operation in an IPv6 Network.............................................................................................................638
10 MPLS Guide