Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success: A Self-management Approach

360 Pages·2004·1.39 MB·English

by  Myron H. Dembo

Motivation
and Learning
Strategies for
College Success
A Self-Management Approach
Second Edition
MYRON H. DEMBO
 GI  $
MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STRATEGIES
FOR COLLEGE SUCCESS
A Self-Management Approach
 GI  $
 GI  $
MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STRATEGIES

FOR COLLEGE SUCCESS

A Self-Management Approach
Myron H. Dembo
University of Southern California
LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
2004 Mahwah, New Jersey London
 GI  $
Senior Acquisitions Editor: Naomi Silverman
Assistant Editor: Erica Kica
Cover Design: Kathryn Houghtaling Lacey
Textbook Production Manager: Paul Smolenski
Full-Service Compositor: TechBooks
Text and Cover Printer: Hamilton Printing Company
Copyright © 2004 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced
in any form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or
any other means, without the prior written permission of
the publisher.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers
10 Industrial Avenue
Mahwah, New Jersey 07430-2262
www.erlbaum.com
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Dembo, Myron H.
Motivation and learning strategies for college success: a
self-management approach / Myron H. Dembo.
p. com.
Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 0-8058-4648-4 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. College student orientation. 2. Achievement motivation.
3. Learning strategies. I. Title.
LB2343.3.D46 2004
378.1’98—dc22 2004000639
Books published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates are printed
on acid-free paper, and their bindings are chosen for strength
and durability.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
 GI  $
To Nancy, Debbie, and Lisa

 GI  $
 GI  $
Brief Contents

UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION

Chapter 1 Academic Self-Management 3

Chapter 2 Understanding Learning and Memory 29

Chapter 3 Understanding Motivation 51

UNIT II: MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES

Chapter 4 Goal Setting 93

Chapter 5 Management of Emotion and Effort 111

UNIT III: BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES

Chapter 6 Time Management 139

Chapter 7 Management of Physical and Social Environment 165

UNIT IV: LEARNING AND STUDY STRATEGIES

Chapter 8 Learning From Textbooks 189

Chapter 9 Learning From Lectures 217

Chapter 10 Preparing for Exams 237

Chapter 11 Taking Exams 255

Glossary 279

APPENDICES

Appendix A A Guide for Completing a Self-Management Study 285

Appendix B Examples of Self-Management Studies 301

vii
 GI  $
Figure and Table Credits

Figure 1.1. Zimmerman, B. J., Bonner, S., & Kovich, R. (1996). Developing self-
regulated learners: Beyond achievement to self-efficacy. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association. Copyright © 1996 by the American Psychological Asso-
ciation. Adapted with permission.
Figure 2.2. From Bower, G. H., Clark, M. C., Lesgold, A., & Winzenz, D. (1969).
Hierarchical retrieval schemas in recall of categorized word lists. Journal of Memory
and Language (Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior), 8, 323–343.
Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
Table 3.1. Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Stu-
dents’ learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of Educational Psychol-
ogy, 80, 260–267. Copyright © 1988 by the American Psychological Association.
Adapted with permission.
Figure 4.1. From The 10 natural laws of successful time and life management by
Hyrum Smith. Copyright © 1994 by Hyrum Smith. By permission of Warner Books
Inc., New York.
Table 8.1. From Kiewra, K. A., & Dubois, N. F. (1998). Learning to learn. Boston:
Allyn & Bacon. Adapted with permission.
Table 10.1. From College study skills: Becoming a strategic learner (1st ed.), by
D. Van Blerkom. Copyright © 1994. Reprinted with permission of Wadsworth, a di-
vision of Thomson Learning: www.thomsonrights.com, Fax [phone].
viii
 GI  $
Contents

Preface xv

UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION
Chapter 1 Academic Self-Management 3

What Is Academic Self-Management? 4

What Is the Difference Between High School and College? 7

Why Are Some Students Less Successful Learners? 8

They Hold Faulty Beliefs About Their Ability, Learning, and

Motivation 8

They Are Unaware of Their Ineffective Learning Behavior 9

They Fail to Sustain Effective Learning and Motivational Strategies 9

They Are Not Ready to Change Their Learning and Study Behavior 9

How Can I Change My Academic Behavior? 10

Motivation 10

Methods of Learning 13

Use of Time 14

Physical and Social Environment 15

Performance 16

The Six Components of Academic Self-Management 17

Exercise 1.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Your Self-Management

Skills 19

How Can I Change My Behavior? 20

How Does Self-Management Occur in an Academic Context? 24

Key Points 25

Follow-up Activities 26

Chapter 2 Understanding Learning and Memory 29

What Are the Flaws in Human Memory? 30

How Does the Information-Processing System Explain Learning? 31

Short-Term Sensory Store 32

Working Memory 33

Exercise 2.1: Demonstrating the Capacity of Working Memory 34

Long-Term Memory 36

What Is the Difference Between Rote and Meaningful Learning? 38

Exercise 2.2: Understanding the Importance of Prior Knowledge 38

ix
 GI  $