Moodiness in ADHD: A Clinician's Guide

193 Pages·2018·3.49 MB·English

by  W. Burleson Daviss (eds.)

Moodiness
in ADHD
A Clinician’s Guide
W. Burleson Daviss
Editor
123
Moodiness in ADHD
W. Burleson Daviss
Editor
Moodiness in ADHD
A Clinician’s Guide
Editor
W. Burleson Daviss
Department of Psychiatry
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center
Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine
Lebanon, NH, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-64250-5 ISBN 978-3-319-64251-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64251-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017957057
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
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Preface
In addition to the key symptoms that characterize patients with attention deficit
hyperactive disorder (ADHD) (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity), youth and
adults with ADHD frequently have difficulties regulating their mood. Unfortunately,
the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) has omitted this ubiquitous symptom
that has important diagnostic, prognostic, as well as treatment implications. This fact,
however, was recently captured in the most recent International Classification of
Diseases (ICD) classification of psychiatric disorders.
In this book, Dr. Daviss and colleagues present a comprehensive review of the
existing literature regarding the presence of mood dysregulation in patients with
ADHD. Given that mood dysregulation is common in several disorders, the authors
provide a thorough evaluation of the epidemiology, etiology, phenomenology,
differential diagnosis, and tools and strategies for assessment of ADHD and a
variety of comorbid disorders. For example, the book includes chapters about
ADHD co-occurring with mood disorders, anxiety, disruptive behavior disorders,
substance abuse, autism, and medical illness. In addition, the book offers a chapter
specifically regarding adults with ADHD and mood lability.
Despite the scarcity of randomized controlled trials for ADHD with comorbid
disorders, the chapters also provide helpful suggestions regarding the pharmaco-
logical and psychosocial treatments for these conditions.
This book is highly recommended for clinicians as well as researchers treating or
studying patients with potential ADHD and mood lability.
Lebanon, NH, USA W. Burleson Daviss
v
Contents
1 Introduction: ADHD, Moodiness, Meteorology, and Elephants . . . . . 1
W. Burleson Daviss
2 Assessment Strategies for Moody ADHD in Children, Adolescents,
and Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
W. Burleson Daviss and Joseph Bond
3 Mood Disturbance in ADHD Due to a General
Medical Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
John G. Ryder and Jacquelyn M. Silva
4 Comorbidity of ADHD with Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Alma M. Spaniardi, Renee C. Saenger, John T. Walkup, and Breck
Borcherding
5 Post-traumatic Stress Disorders and ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Erin R. Barnett, Sarah E. Cleary, Katrin Neubacher,
and W. Burleson Daviss
6 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation, and Other Disruptive or Aggressive
Disorders in ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Joseph C. Blader
7 Depressive Disorders and ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
W. Burleson Daviss
8 Pediatric Bipolar Disorders and ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Rasim S. Diler
9 Autism Spectrum and Other Developmental Disorders
and ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Jennifer L. McLaren, Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, Sarah Y. Bessen,
and Fern Baldwin
10 Moodiness in Patients with ADHD and Substance Use Disorders . . . 145
Oscar G. Bukstein and Aaron Roberto
vii
viii Contents
11 Moody Adults with ADHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Michael J. Silverstein, Samuel Alperin, Yonatan Hochstein,
and Lenard A. Adler
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Contributors
Lenard A. Adler, M.D. Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone
School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone
School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Samuel Alperin, M.D. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati,
OH, USA
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
Fern Baldwin, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at
Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
Erin R. Barnett, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical
Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
Sarah Y. Bessen, M.P.H. Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH,
USA
Joseph C. Blader, Ph.D. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San
Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Joseph Bond, M.D. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical
Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
Breck Borcherding Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
NewYork-Presbyterian/Westchester Division, White Plains, NY, USA
Oscar G. Bukstein, M.D., M.P.H. Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
W.  Burleson  Daviss, M.D. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock
Medical Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
Sarah E. Cleary, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical
Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
Rasim  S.  Diler, M.D. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic (WPIC) of
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
ix
x Contributors
Yonatan Hochstein, M.S. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New
York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, Psy.D., M.B.A. Department of Psychiatry, Geisel
School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon,
NH, USA
Jennifer L. McLaren, M.D. Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine
at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
Katrin Neubacher, Psy.D. Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, Brookline,
MA, USA
Aaron Roberto, M.D. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine,
New Haven, CT, USA
John G. Ryder, M.D., M.S. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock
Medical Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
Renee C. Saenger Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Jacquelyn M. Silva, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital,
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Michael  J.  Silverstein, B.A. Department of Psychology, Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA, USA
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of Medicine,
New York, NY, USA
Alma M. Spaniardi Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
NewYork-Presbyterian/Westchester Division, White Plains, NY, USA
John T. Walkup Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert
H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Introduction: ADHD, Moodiness, 1
Meteorology, and Elephants
W. Burleson Daviss
ADHD is one of the most common mental health disorders, with a prevalence of
approximately 8% in children and adolescents and 4–5% in adults in population
studies [1]. According to criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders’ fifth edition [DSM-5; [2]], patients with ADHD by definition
have impairment in multiple functional domains, which can be life-long, especially
without treatment [1, 3, 4].
Patients of all ages with ADHD often have other comorbid disorders, both in
clinical and epidemiological samples [5–7]. Many such disorders have symptoms of
moodiness, variously described as irritability, dysphoria, depression, anxiety, anger,
mood dysregulation, affective lability, or explosive aggression. Some diagnoses are
limited to children or adolescents, including conduct or oppositional defiant disor-
ders. Depressive disorders can be diagnosed in all ages, but in children or adoles-
cents, irritability as well as depression or anhedonia can be the predominant mood
symptom, while irritability in adults is not a mood criterion for depression.
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a new mood diagnosis added to DSM-5
limited to patients less than 18, and characterized by persistent irritable or angry
moods that are punctuated by recurrent temper outbursts several times a week [2].
Other disorders with moodiness or irritability can only be diagnosed in adults,
including borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders, as well as
antisocial personality disorder (which is considered a continuation of juvenile con-
duct disorder) [2]. Finally, additional disorders with irritable or moody symptoms
can occur in patients of all ages, including bipolar disorders, cyclothymia, drug or
alcohol use disorders, autism spectrum disorders, or intermittent explosive disorders
[2]. All will be covered in various chapters in the current book.
W.B. Daviss, M.D. (*)
Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center,
Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
e-mail: [email protected]
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018 1
W.B. Daviss (ed.), Moodiness in ADHD, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64251-2_1