Mood and Anxiety Related Phenotypes in Mice: Characterization Using Behavioral Tests

337 Pages·2009·7.63 MB·English

by  Todd D. Gould

N
EUROMETHODS
SeriesEditor
WolfgangWalz
UniversityofSaskatchewan
Saskatoon,SK,Canada
Forothertitlespublishedinthisseries,goto
www.springer.com/series/7657
Mood and Anxiety Related
Phenotypes in Mice
Characterization Using Behavioral Tests
Edited by
Todd D. Gould
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Editor
ToddD.Gould
DepartmentofPsychiatry
MSTF;Rm934D
UniversityofMaryland
SchoolofMedicine
685W.BaltimoreStreet
BaltimoreMD21201
USA
[email protected]
ISSN0893-2336 e-ISSN1940-6045
ISBN978-1-60761-302-2 e-ISBN978-1-60761-303-9
DOI10.1007/978-1-60761-303-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2009927010
#HumanaPress,apartofSpringerScienceþBusinessMedia,LLC2009
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Series Preface
Under the guidance of its founders Alan Boulton and Glen Baker, the Neuromethods
seriesbyHumanaPresshasbeenverysuccessfulsincethefirstvolumeappearedin1985.
Inabout17years,37volumeshavebeenpublished.In2006,SpringerScienceþBusiness
Media made a renewed commitment to this series. The new program will focus on
methodsthatareeitheruniquetothenervoussystemandexcitablecellsorwhichneed
specialconsiderationtobeappliedtotheneurosciences.Theprogramwillstrikeabalance
betweenrecentandexcitingdevelopmentslikethoseconcerningnewanimalmodelsof
disease, imaging, in vivo methods, and more established techniques. These include
immunocytochemistry and electrophysiological technologies. New trainees in neuros-
ciences still need a sound footing in these older methods in order to apply a critical
approach to their results. The careful application of methods is probably the most
important step in the process of scientific inquiry. In the past, new methodologies
led the way in developing new disciplines in the biological and medical sciences. For
example, Physiology emerged out of Anatomy in the 19th century by harnessing new
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tivelywithinaveryshorttimeofencounteringthem.Thisnewapproachhasbeentaken
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WolfgangWalz
v
Preface
Mood and anxiety disorders are common brain diseases that affect over 15% of the
worldpopulation.Includedinthisgroupofdiseasesaremajordepressionandbipolar
disorderandgeneralizedanxiety,panic,obsessivecompulsive,andposttraumaticstress
disorders. Recent years have seen a tremendous increase in our understanding of the
pathogenesis and pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. This increased
knowledge parallels a remarkable growth in the use of the laboratory mouse as a tool
to both understand the biological and genetic basis of diseases, including those of a
psychiatric origin, and to develop improved treatments. While it is not possible to
reproduce fully human mood or anxiety disorders in mice, the study of behavioral
phenotypesmodelingaspectsofthesediseasesprovidesinvaluableinsightsintopoten-
tial disease and treatment mechanisms. For this reason, the application of mouse
models will increase as additional underlying susceptibility genes are discovered, new
targetsformedicationsareidentified,andclinicalstudiesrevealnovelneurobiological
markersthatmaybetranslatedbetweenhumansandmice.
This book provides an overview of behavioral approaches that are utilized in the
characterizationofmoodandanxietydisorder-relatedbehaviorsinmice.Additionally,
many of the chapters describe behavioral assays that are commonly used – both in
industryandacademia–toassessthepotentialantidepressantandanxiolyticefficacyof
novel compounds. The contributing authors to this book are world-renowned scien-
tists with broad experience in the development and application of behavioral tasks in
mice. The book is intended first as a resource for scientists actively pursuing or inter-
ested in establishing behavioral protocols in their laboratories. It can also serve as a
referenceforthosestudents,scientists,andpractitionerswhohaveaninterestinbetter
understanding the preclinical behavioral methods used in mood and anxiety research.
As a cautionary note, there are a number of subtleties in mouse husbandry, handling,
and testing procedures that cannot be acquired solely from following a book. Thus,
those inexperienced with techniques used to test behavior in mice are encouraged to
seekcollaborationwithanexperiencedbehavioralneuroscientisttohelpaddressthese
underappreciatedbutsignificantexperimentalissues.
ToddD.Gould
vii
Contents
SeriesPreface........................................................ v
Preface............................................................ vii
Contributors........................................................ xi
1. TheOpenFieldTest................................................ 1
ToddD.Gould,DavidT.Dao,andColleenE.Kovacsics
2. AnalysisofGroomingBehaviorandItsUtilityinStudyingAnimalStress,
Anxiety,andDepression............................................. 21
AmandaN.Smolinsky,CarisaL.Bergner,JustinL.LaPorte,
andAllanV.Kalueff
3. DigginginMice:MarbleBurying,Burrowing,andDirectObservationReveal
ChangesinMouseBehavior.......................................... 37
RobertM.J.Deacon
4. CircadianandLightModulationofBehavior ............................. 47
CaraM.Altimus,TaraA.LeGates,andSamerHattar
5. UltrasonicVocalizationsbyInfantMice:AnEthologicalExpression
ofSeparationAnxiety ............................................... 67
JamesT.Winslow
6. TheForcedSwimmingTestinMice:ASuitableModeltoStudy
Antidepressants.................................................... 85
MartineHasco¨etandMichelBourin
7. TheTail-SuspensionTest:AModelforCharacterizingAntidepressantActivity
inMice .......................................................... 119
OliviaF.O’LearyandJohnF.Cryan
8. Stress-InducedHyperthermiaintheMouse .............................. 139
ChristiaanH.Vinkers,RuudvanOorschot,BerendOlivier,
andLucianneGroenink
9. FactorsofReproducibilityofAnhedoniaInductioninaChronicStress
DepressionModelinMice ........................................... 153
TatyanaStrekalovaandHarrySteinbusch
10. LearnedHelplessnessinMice......................................... 177
HymieAnismanandZulMerali
11. TheMouseLight–DarkBoxTest...................................... 197
MartineHasco¨etandMichelBourin
12. UsingtheElevatedPlusMazeasaBioassaytoAssesstheEffects
ofNaturallyOccurringandExogenouslyAdministeredCompounds
toInfluenceAnxiety-RelatedBehaviorsofMice........................... 225
AliciaA.Walf andCherylA.Frye
13. Novelty-InducedHypophagia......................................... 247
StephanieC.Dulawa
ix
x Contents
14. AcuteandChronicSocialDefeat:StressProtocolsandBehavioralTesting....... 261
AlessandroBartolomucci,EberhardFuchs,JaapM.Koolhaas,andFraukeOhl
15. ReductionofSubmissiveBehaviorModelforAntidepressantDrugTesting
inMice .......................................................... 277
EwaMalatynska,AlbertPinhasov,andRichardJ.Knapp
16. MiceModelsfortheManicPoleofBipolarDisorder ....................... 297
ShlomitFlaisher-GrinbergandHaimEinat
Index ................................................................ 327
Contributors
HYMIE ANISMAN l Institute of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON,
Canada
CARAM.ALTIMUS l DepartmentofBiology,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,MD,
USA
ALESSANDRO BARTOLOMUCCI l Dipartimento di Biologia Evolutiva e Funzionale,
Universita` diParma,Parma,Italy
CARISAL.BERGNER l DepartmentofPhysiologyandBiophysics,GeorgetownUniversity
MedicalSchool,Washington,DC,USA
MICHELBOURIN l Faculte´ deMe´decine,Neurobiologiedel’Anxie´te´ etdelaDe´pression,
Nantes,France
JOHN F.CRYAN l School ofPharmacy,Department ofPharmacologyandTherapeutics,
AlimentaryPharmabioticCentre,UniversityCollegeCork,Cork,Ireland
DAVID T. DAO l Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program,
UniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA
ROBERTM.J.DEACON l DepartmentofExperimentalPsychology,UniversityofOxford,
Oxford,UK
STEPHANIEC.DULAWA l CommitteeonNeurobiology,DepartmentofPsychiatry,Uni-
versityofChicago,Chicago,IL,USA
HAIMEINAT l CollegeofPharmacy,UniversityofMinnesota,Duluth,MN,USA
SHLOMITFLAISHER-GRINBERG l CollegeofPharmacy,UniversityofMinnesota,Duluth,
MN,USA
CHERYL A. FRYE l Departments of Psychology, Biological Sciences and The Centers for
Neuroscience and Life Sciences Research, The University at Albany, SUNY, Albany,
NY,USA
EBERHARD FUCHS l Clinical Neurobiology Laboratory, German Primate Center,
LeibnizInstituteforPrimateResearch,Go¨ttingen,Germany
TODD D. GOULD l Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program,
UniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA
LUCIANNE GROENINK l Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht Institute for
Pharmacological Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht
University,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
MARTINEHASCOE¨T l Faculte´ deMe´decine,Neurobiologiedel’Anxie´te´ etdelaDe´pres-
sion,Nantes,France
SAMER HATTAR l Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD,
USA
ALLAN V. KALUEFF l Department of Physiology and Biophysics as well as the Stress
Physiology and Research Center (SPaRC), Georgetown University Medical School,
Washington,DC,USA
xi
xii Contributors
RICHARDJ.KNAPP l Sanofi-Aventis,Bridgewater,NJ,USA
JAAP M. KOOLHAAS l Department Behavioral Physiology, University of Groningen,
Haren,TheNetherlands
COLLEEN E. KOVACSICS l Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Program,UniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA
JUSTIN L.LAPORTE l Department ofPhysiologyand Biophysics,GeorgetownUniversity
MedicalSchool,Washington,DC,USA
TARAA.LEGATES l DepartmentofBiology,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,Baltimore,MD,
USA
FRAUKE OHL l Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animals, Science &
Society,UniversityUtrecht,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
OLIVIAF.O’LEARY l SchoolofPharmacy,DepartmentofPharmacologyandTherapeu-
tics,UniversityCollegeCork,Cork,Ireland
EWAMALATYNSKA l LillyResearchLaboratories,LillyCorporateCenter,Indianapolis,
IN46285
ZUL MERALI l Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Hospital and the
School of Psychology, and Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of
Ottawa,Ottawa,ON,Canada
BEREND OLIVIER l Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharma-
cological Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University,
Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medi-
cine,NewHaven,CT,USA
RUUD VAN OORSCHOT l Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht Institute for
Pharmacological Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht
University,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
ALBERT PINHASOV l Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Center of
Samaria,Ariel,Israel
AMANDA N. SMOLINSKY l Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown
UniversityMedicalSchool,Washington,DC,USA
HARRY STEINBUSCH l Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and
LifeSciences,MaastrichtUniversity,Maastricht,TheNetherlands
TATYANASTREKALOVA l DepartmentofNeuroscience,FacultyofHealth,Medicine,and
LifeSciences,MaastrichtUniversity,Maastricht,TheNetherlands
CHRISTIAAN VINKERS l Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht Institute for
Pharmacological Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht
University,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
ALICIA A. WALF l Department of Psychology Research, The University at Albany,
SUNY,Albany,NY,USA
JAMES T. WINSLOW l NIMH IRP Neurobiology, Primate Core, National Institutes of
Health(NIH),Bethesda,MD,USA