Modern Societies and National Identities : Legal Praxis and the Basque-Spanish Conflict

223 Pages·2017·2.206 MB·English

by  Urrastabaso Ruiz, Unai

MODERN SOCIETIES AND
NATIONAL IDENTITIES
Legal Praxis and the
Basque-Spanish Conflict
Unai Urrastabaso Ruiz
IDENTITIES AND MODERNITIES IN EUROPE
Identities and Modernities in Europe
Series Editor
Atsuko Ichijo
Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Kingston University
United Kingdom
The Identities and Modernities in Europe series covers one of the central
issues of the social sciences: that of modernity. Arising from a European
‘ ’
CommissionfundedFP7project, IdentitiesandModernitiesinEurope,
fi
the series brings together the latest research ndings and provides a
broader sociological, historical and anthropological analysis of various
dimensions of identity in contemporary European societies. By way of a
comparative study of processes of Europeanisation, the series contributes
tosociologicalunderstandingsofmigration,secularizationandeducation.
It also examines the dynamics between Europeanisation, nationalisation
and globalisation.
More information about this series at
http://www.springer.com/series/14860
Unai Urrastabaso Ruiz
Modern Societies
and National
Identities
Legal Praxis and the Basque-Spanish
fl
Con ict
UnaiUrrastabasoRuiz
Pamplona-N,Spain
IdentitiesandModernitiesinEurope
ISBN978-3-319-60076-5 ISBN978-3-319-60077-2 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-60077-2
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017948018
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Acknowledgments
Thisbookislargelybasedonmydoctoraldissertation,whichwasfunded
by the Department of Education of the Government of Navarre. I am
grateful to my supervisors for their guidance, to James Kennedy, and
especially to Jonathan Hearn, who supervised my work closely and
facilitated the development of the skills required to complete the study.
Many people have helped or supported me, and I am thankful to every
one of you, even if I cannot name you all. Some of you made yourselves
fi
available and were willing to aid me in dif cult times: Martin Booker,
(cid:1)
Mar-Lisa Ras, and Jose Carte, thank you. The unexpected interest and
encouragement of Sharla Plant has made this possible. Finally, I would
like to dedicate this book to my parents, Inmaculada Ruiz Palacios and
Javier Urrastabaso Inda, whose love and support have allowed me to
overcome challenging times and achieve this.
v
Contents
1 Introduction 1
fl
2 The Basque-Spanish Nationalist Con ict 19
3 A Legal Presumption in Modernist Interpretations
of Nationalism 35
4 Legal Positivism, Legal Realism, and Legal Pluralism 63
5 Carlism: The Meaning of the Counterrevolution 89
–
6 Governance in Navarre 1840 1936 123
7 The Fueros and the Creation of the Basque Country 159
8 Modern National Identities in Navarre and Euskadi 183
vii
viii Contents
9 Conclusion 195
References 201
Index 215
List of Figure
Fig.1.1 Graphicrepresentationofthejurisdictionalentitiesstudiedin
theIberianPeninsula 8
ix
1
Introduction
This volume develops a novel interdisciplinary theoretical approach to
fl
interpret the Basque-Spanish nationalist con ict. It incorporates into
sociologicalanalysistheunderstandingoflawputforwardbylegalrealism
andlegalpluralisminordertoanswersomeofthemostpressingproblems
encountered in historical research on the topic. The study takes the form
of a comparative historical analysis that focuses on the historical puzzle
produced by the political trajectories of Navarra (from now on Navarre)
’
and Vascongadas (precursor of todays Basque Country, formed by the
historicalterritoriesofBiscay,Gipuzkoa,andAraba-Álava)between1841
and 1936. Throughout history, the jurisdictional authorities of both
territoriesdefendedtheirlegitimacytoexercisetypesanddegreesofsocial
’
power regardless of the social system adopted by the states government.
During most of the nineteenth century, this defense translated into key
fl
in uential majorities in both territories defending together a similar
concept of the state, the one associated with Carlism, and each territory
was thought of as being both Basque and Spanish. In the 1936 military
coup,however,the jurisdictional authoritiesofNavarre andVascongadas
’
defended different concepts ofthe state. Navarres supported themilitary
©TheAuthor(s)2018 1
U.UrrastabasoRuiz,ModernSocietiesandNationalIdentities,IdentitiesandModernities
inEurope,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-60077-2_1