Modern Cardiac Surgery: Based on the Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Course on Cardiac Surgery, organised by the British Postgraduate Medical Federation

374 Pages·1978·10.69 MB·English

by  E. B. Stinson

Modern Cardiac Surgery
Modern Cardiac Surgery
Based on the Proceedings of the Eighth Annual
Course on Cardiac Surgery, organised by the
British Postgraduate Medical Federation
Edited by
D. B. Longmore
Consultant Clinical Physiologist,
The National Heart Hospital, London
~~
MTPPRESS LIMITED intl'nllltiOllll/ MediclI/ nlWshers
Published by
MTP Press Limited
Falcon House
Lancaster
England
Copyright © 1978 MTP Press Limited
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1978
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior
permission from the publishers.
ISBN-13: 978-94-011-6202-9 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-011-6200-5
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-011-6200-5
Contents
List of Contributors x
Foreword Xlii
SECTION I INVITED LECTURES
The National Heart Hospital Surgical Lecture 'Transplantation of the
heart' 3
E. B. Stinson and N. E. Shumway
The Hammersmith Cardiac Surgery~ Lecture 'Tissue valve grafting'.
Aortic valve replacement with autologous fascia lata 19
A. Senning
SECTION II THE MITRAL VALVE
I. Echocardiography 27
T. A. Traill
2. Mitral valve disease: the case for cardiac catheterization 37
Celia M. Oakley
3. Closed mitral valvotomy 45
W. P. Cleland
4. Open mitral valvotomy 49
S. C. Lennox
5. Reconstruction of the mitral valve 53
M. Paneth
6. Fluid dynamics of prosthetic heart valves 59
D. E. M. Taylor
7. Aortic homograft valves for mitral valve replacement 67
M. Yacoub
8. Echocardiographic studies after mitral valve replacement 75
D. G. Gibson
v
MODERN CARDIAC SURGERY
9. Haemolysis associated with prosthetic valves-cardiac haemo-
lytic anaemia, red cell fragmentation syndrome 83
D. A. Watson and S. M. Manohitharajah
10. Thromboembolism and valve failure: a multi-centre valve study 87
R. J. Donnelly
II. Mitral valve replacement 93
E. B. Stinson
12. Antimicrobial treatment of allograft valves 103
W. H. Wain
SECTION III ENDOCARDIAL CUSHION
13. Anatomy of the common atrioventricular canal 109
F. E. de Salamanca, M. Ugarte and M. Quero
14. Conducting tissue in complete atrioventricular canal malforma-
tions 119
J. L. Wilkinson, Audrey Smith and R. H. Anderson
IS. Atrioventricular canal: surgical anatomy and repair 125
C. Lincoln
16. Correction of complete atrioventricular canal in infancy 131
J. Stark
17. The results of repair of complete atrioventricular canal (a British
multi-centre study) 135
D. K. C. Cooper
18. Anatomy and conducting tissue in partial atrioventricular canal
defects 141
J. L. Wilkinson, Audrey Smith and R. H. Anderson
19. Surgery for ostium primum atrial septal defect 149
J. K. Ross
20. Endocardial cushion: partial A-V canal-long-term results 155
A. Senning
SECTION IV SURGERY OF THE 4TH AND 6TH AORTIC CANAL
21. Results of patent ductus arteriosus ligation in infants and children 163
R. J. Szarnicki
22. Vascular rings 167
M. R. de Leval and L. H. Burr
23. Surgical relief of coarctation of the aorta in infancy using the left
sub-clavi an arterial flap technique 171
D. I. Hamilton
vi
CONTENTS
24. Patent ductus arteriosus: indications, operative techniques and
postoperative care in infants 179
C. Lincoln
25. Recoarctation of the aorta 185
J. P. Byrne and L. H. Burr
26. Coarctation of the aorta in the adult 189
W. P. Cleland
SECTION V PULMONARY ATRESIA
27. The development of the pulmonary circulation In pulmonary
atresia 195
Sheila G. Haworth
28. Surgical management of pulmonary atresia with confluent pul-
monary arteries 199
J. P. Byrne
29. Pulmonary atresia with non-confluent pulmonary arteries 201
R. J. Szarnicki and M. R. de Leval
SECTIOI' VI PALLIATIVE SURGERY FOR CYANOTIC HEART DISEASE IN
INFANCY
30. The development of palliative operations for the tetralogy of
Fallot 207
Lord Brock
31. Tetralogy of Fallot: haemodynamic and angiocardiographic
considerations 211
F. J. Macartney
32. Late results of aortopulmonary shunts 219
S. C. Lennox
33. Palliative surgery for cyanotic heart disease in infancy 223
J. C. Lincoln
34. Open infundibulectomy in Fallot's tetralogy and hypoplastic
pulmonary arteries 225
H.Oelert
35. Anatomical correction of complete transposition of the great
arteries in infancy 233
M. Yacoub
SECTION VII LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION AND PROTECTION
36. Non-invasive study of left ventricular function 245
D. G. Gibson
vii
MODERN CARDIAC SURGERY
37. Factors affecting left ventricular performance 255
Winifred G. Nayler and A. M. Slade
38. Elective cardiac arrest: historical perspective 271
D. G. Melrose
39. The role of electrolyte and temperature changes in myocardial
protection 277
D. J. Hearse
40. Cold cardioplegia versus continuous coronary perfusion: clinical
and cytochemical assessment 285
M. V. Braimbridge, D. J. Hearse, J. Chayen, L. Bitensky and
S. Cankovic-Darracott
41. Low sodium-induced arrest in patients 299
I. H. Rygg and G. Petersen
42. Myocardial preservation during extended periods of ischaemia.
Experimental results with a new cardioplegic solution ('Sbokos
3' solution) 309
C. G. Sbokos
43. Intraoperative protection of the heart: topical myocardial hypo-
thermia 319
E. B. Stinson
SECTION VIII TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES
44. The Mustard operation 327
J. P. Byrne
45. A current technique for the Mustard operation 333
J. Stark
46. Long-term results of the Mustard operation 339
J. F. N. Taylor and J. Stark
47. Reoperation for complications of the Mustard operation: tech-
nical considerations 341
R. J. Szarnicki
48. Management of transposition of the great arteries with left
ventricular outflow tract obstruction 345
R. J. Szarnicki
49. Rastelli operation 349
M. R. de Leval
50. Atrial inversion for transposition of the great arteries using an
intra-atrial dacron baffle: surgical technique and results 351
H.Oelert
viii
CONTENTS
51. Transposition of the great arteries 359
J. F. N. Taylor
52. Diagnosis of double outlet right ventricle (DORY) by M-mode
echocardiography 361
D. G. Gibson
53. Arrhythmias after the Mustard operation: a study of 24-h tape
monitoring 365
M. Tynan, D. S. Reid and A. Goodwin
SECTION IX COMPLICATED ATRIOSEPTAL DEFECTS
54. Complicated atrioseptal defects 371
Compiled by Sally P. Allwork
Index 389
ix
List of Contributors
SALLY P. ALLWORK J. CHAYEN
Hammersmith Hospital, Division of Cellular Biology,
London WI2 OHS The Mathilda and Terence Kennedy
Institute of Rheumatology,
R. H. ANDERSON Bute Gardens,
Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, London W6 7DW
Myrtle Street, Liverpool 7
W. P. CLELAND
Department of Surgery,
L. BITENSKY
Cardiothoracic Institute,
Division of Cellular Biology,
Brompton Hospital,
The Mathilda and Terence Kennedy
Fulham Road,
Institute of Rheumatology,
London SW3 6HP
Bute Gardens, London W6 7DW
D. K. C. COOPER
M. V. BRAIMBRIDGE Thoracic Unit,
St Thomas's Hospital, Hospital for Sick Children,
Lambeth Palace Road, Gt Ormond Street,
London SEI 7EH London WCI N 3JH
LORD BROCK R. J. DONNELLY
Brompton Hospital, Broadgreen Hospital,
Fulham Road, Thomas Drive,
London SW3 6HP Liverpool 14
D. G. GIBSON
L. H. BURR
Brompton Hospital,
Thoracic Unit,
Fulham Road,
Hospital for Sick Children,
London SW3 6HP
Gt Ormond Street,
London WCI N 3JH
A. GOODWIN
Department of Cardiology,
J. P. BYRNE Newcastle General Hospital,
Thoracic Unit, Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Hospital for Sick Children,
Gt Ormond Street, D. I. HAMILTON
London WCI N 3JH Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital,
Myrtle Street, Liverpool 7
S. CANKOVIC-DARRACOTT
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, SHEILA G. HAWORTH
St Thomas's Hospital, Hospital for Sick Children,
Lambeth Palace Road, Gt Ormond Street,
London SEI 7EH London WCIN 3JH
x
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
D. J. HEARSE G.PETERSEN
The Myocardial Metabolism Research Rigshospitalet,
Laboratories, Copenhagen, Denmark
Rayne Institute,
St Thomas's Hospital, M.QUERO
Lambeth Palace Road, C. S. La Paz,
London SE I I EH Madrid, Spain
S. C. LENNOX D. S. REID
Brompton Hospital, Freman Hospital,
Fulham Road, High Heaton,
London SW3 6HP Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE7 7DN
M. R. de LEV AL J. K. ROSS
Thoracic Unit, Western Hospital,
Hospital for Sick Children, Oakley Road, Mill Brook,
Gt Ormond Street. Southampton S09 4WQ
London WCI N 3JH
I. H. RYGG
C. LINCOLN Rigshospitalet,
Brompton Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Fulham Road,
F. E. de SALAMANCA
London SW3 6HP
Ciudad Sonatorio Carlos Haya,
F. J. MACARTNEY Malaga, Spain
Institute of Child Health,
C. G. SBOKOS
Guildford Street
2nd Department of Surgery,
London WCIN 3JH
Athens University School of Medicine,
King Paul's Hospital,
S. M. MANOHITHARAJAH Athens 609, Greece
Leeds Regional Thoracic Surgical Centre,
Killingbeck Hospital, ,t SENNING
Leeds 14 Surgical Clinic A.
University Hospital of Zurich.
D. G. MELROSE CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
Royal Postgraduate Medical School,
Hammersmith Hospital, N. E. SHUMWAY
Du Cane Road, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,
London WI2 OHS Stanford University,
Stanford, California 94305, USA
WINIFRED G. NAYLER
Cardiothoracic Institute, A. M. SLADE
2 Beaumont St, Cardiothoracic Institute
London WIN 2DX 2 Beaumont St,
London WI N 2DX
CELIA M. OAKLEY
Royal Postgraduate Medical School, AUDREY SMITH
Hammersmith Hospital, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital,
Du Cane Road, Myrtle Street, Liverpool 7
London Wl2 OHS
J. STARK
H.OELERT Thoracic Unit,
Klinik flir Thorax, Hospital for Sick Children,
Herzurd Geffasschirurgie, Gt. Ormond Street,
D-3000 Hanover, West Germany London WClN 3JH
M. PANETH E. B. STINSON
Brompton Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,
Fulham Road, Stanford University
London SW3 6HP Stanford, California 94305, USA
xi