Modelling and Benchmarking

275 Pages·2015·9.65 MB·English

Kolditz Shao G¨orke Wang Bauer
· · · ·
(Editors)
Terrestrial Environmental Sciences
Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical
Chemical Processes in
Fractured Porous Media:
Modelling and Benchmarking
Benchmarking Initiatives
25th November 2015
Springer
Terrestrial Environmental Sciences
Series Editors
Olaf Kolditz
Hua Shao
Uwe-Jens G¨orke
Wenqing Wang
Sebastian Bauer
Guest Editors
Jens T Birkh¨olzer
Steve Yabusaki
Managing Editors
Barbara Kolditz
Leslie Jakobs
v

Contents
Part I - Benchmarking Initiatives............................. 3
1 Benchmarking Initiatives ................................. 3
1.1 DECOVALEX ........................................ 3
1.2 Subsurface Environmental Simulation Benchmarking
(SeS-Bench) .......................................... 7
1.3 MoMaS .............................................. 10
Part II - Single Processes..................................... 11
2 Thermal Processes........................................ 15
2.1 Transient heat conduction in a transversal isotropic porous
medium.............................................. 15
2.2 Freezing-Thawing ..................................... 20
2.3 Shallow geothermal systems - Borehole Heat Exchanger .... 27
3 Flow Processes ........................................... 35
3.1 Flow in fracture/matrix system ......................... 35
3.2 Water table experiment ................................ 41
4 Deformation processes.................................... 45
4.1 Linear elasticity - Shear and torsion ..................... 45
4.2 Norton creep ......................................... 66
4.3 Thick walled pipe ..................................... 89
4.4 Cylinder stress test .................................... 91
4.5 Sondershausen Drift ................................... 93
4.6 Lubby2 and Minkley models under simple shear loading.... 98
Part III - Coupled Processes.................................. 100
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5 Variable Density Flow .................................... 103
5.1 Tidal forcing in a sandy beach aquifer ................... 103
5.2 Investigations on Mesh Convergence ..................... 109
6 Multiphase Flow.......................................... 113
6.1 Gas injection and migration in fully water saturated column 113
6.2 MoMaS Benchmark 2: Gas injection and migration in
partially water saturated column ........................ 117
6.3 Heat pipe problem with phase appearance and disappearance120
7 Hydro-Mechanical (Consolidation) Processes ............. 125
7.1 Mandel-Cryer effects................................... 125
7.2 Mont Terri Project - HM-behaviour in the EZB niche...... 135
7.3 Hydro-mechanical application: SEALEX Experiment....... 142
8 Thermomechanics ........................................ 147
8.1 Heated beams and plates............................... 147
8.2 Thermoelasticity of a pipe in cement..................... 159
9 Coupled THM-Processes ................................. 167
9.1 2Daxiallysymmetricand3DsimulationsofTHMprocesses
at the EBS experiment, Horonobe URL (Japan)........... 167
9.2 HM/THM processes in a faulted aquifer.................. 174
9.3 Consolidation around a point heat source................. 185
10 Reactive Transport ....................................... 191
10.1 Sequential chlorinated hydrocarbons degradation .......... 191
10.2 PSI - Reactive transport benchmark ..................... 194
11 Mechanical-Chemical (MC) Processes .................... 213
11.1 Permeability evolution of a quartz fracture due to free-face
dissolution and pressure solution ........................ 213
11.2 Free-face dissolution from granite fracture surfaces ........ 219
12 THC Processes in Energy Systems........................ 225
12.1 Water adsorption to zeolites ............................ 225
Appendices ................................................... 233
A GINA OGS............................................... 235
A.1 Pre-processing ........................................ 236
A.2 Mesh generation ...................................... 236
A.3 Post-processing ....................................... 238
A.4 Data Interface ........................................ 238
6
B ogs Overview ............................................ 239
Contents ix
Symbols ...................................................... 244
Index......................................................... 249
References.................................................... 251

Preface
This is the third volume of the THMC benchmark book series dealing with
benchmarksandexamplesofthermo-hydro-mechanical-chemicalprocessesin
fractured-porous media:
1. http://www.springer.com/de/book/9783642271762
2. http://www.springer.com/de/book/9783319118932
Recently,thebenchmarkbooksbecameitemsofthenewbookseriesin”Ter-
restrialEnvironmentalSciences”http://www.springer.com/series/13468.
The book is subtitled with ”Benchmarking Initiative”as we give a short
outline about those activities in past and ongoing of benchmarking initiat-
ives such as DECOVALEX, SeS-Bench (Steefel et al., 2014), MoMaS etc.
These initiative provide a substantial contribution to the idea of benchmark-
ing codes and improving numerical modeling of coupled processes in por-
ousandfracturedmedia.Otherrelatedbenchmarkingactivitiesinhydrology
andcarboncapturestorage(CCS)aree.g.HM-INTERCOMPMaxwelletal.
(2014) and CO2BENCH Kolditz et al. (2012a).
The book structure follows the ”classic”scheme, first single processes and
then coupled processes with increasing complexity. The list of symbols and
anindexyouwillfinedattheendofthebook.Withthisbookwealsowantto
awardtheworkofmeritofdistinguishedscientistsinthefield”Modellingand
Benchmarking of THMC Processes”. The contributing scientists and institu-
tions are acknowledged in the introduction. As Appendices we present new
features of GINA, the OGS preprocessing tool for geotechnical applications
as well as an overview of the new ogs6 version coming soon.
Withthisversionwealsoprovidetheinputfilesforself-exercising.Thiscan
befoundattheOGScommunitypagehttp://docs.opengeosys.org/books
(Figurenextpage)whereyoucanalsofindthematerialofthefirstpublished
OGS Tutorials on ”Computational Hydrology I”(Sachse et al., 2015).
http://www.springer.com/de/book/9783319133348
•
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xii Preface
and ”‘Introduction to Geothermal Processes”. Enjoy reading and exercising.
Leipzig, Dresden, Hannover, Chemnitz, Kiel, Olaf Kolditz
November 2015 Hua Shao
Wenqing Wang
Uwe-Jens G¨orke
Sebastian Bauer
Contributors
We appreciate the contributions to the third benchmark book by:
Ales Balvin (TUL, Technical University of Liberec, CZ)
•
Lars Bilke (UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, DE)
•
Jens Birkh¨olzer (LBNL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy
•
Geosciences Division, USA)
Norbert B¨ottcher (UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research,
•
DE)
Anke Bucher (HTWK, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, DE)
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