Modeling the glass forming ability of metals

185 Pages·2007·3.93 MB·English

UC San Diego
UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Title
Modeling the glass forming ability of metals
Permalink
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z49v02w
Author
Cheney, Justin Lee
Publication Date
2007

Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation
eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library
University of California
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO

Modeling the Glass Forming Ability of Metals

A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy

in

Materials Science and Engineering

by

Justin Lee Cheney

Committee in charge:

Professor Kenneth S. Vecchio, Chair
Professor Prabhakar Bandaru
Professor Sungho Jin
Professor Vlado Lubarda
Professor Yu Qiao

2007
Copyright

Justin Lee Cheney, 2007

All rights reserved
The Dissertation of Justin Lee Cheney is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and
form for publication on microfilm:

Chair

University of California, San Diego

2007

iii
Dedicated to my parents, Tim and Lynn Cheney

iv
No eternal rewards will forgive us for wasting the dawn
Jim Morrison
v
Table of Contents

Signature Page……………………………………………………………………………iii
Dedication…………………..…………………………………………………………….iv
Epigraph………………...…………………………………………………………………v
Table of Contents...............................................................................................................vi
List of Figures.....................................................................................................................x
List of Tables....................................................................................................................xv
Acknowledgements........................................................................................................xviii
Curriculum Vitae.............................................................................................................xix
Abstract of the Dissertation……………………………………………………………..xxi
1 Introduction.................................................................................................................1
2 Background.................................................................................................................5
2.1 Overview.............................................................................................................5
2.2 Atomic Structure of Bulk Metallic Glasses........................................................6
2.2.1 Short Range Order......................................................................................6
2.2.2 Free Volume................................................................................................9
2.3 Crystallization Process......................................................................................10
2.4 Liquid and Glassy Metal Viscosity...................................................................14
2.5 The glass transition...........................................................................................18
2.6 Experimental Evaluation of Glass Forming Ability.........................................22
2.6.1 Structural Analysis....................................................................................22
2.6.2 Thermal Analysis......................................................................................27
vi
2.7 Production Techniques......................................................................................31
2.8 Mechanical Properties.......................................................................................34
2.8.1 Inhomogeneous Deformation....................................................................34
2.8.2 Homogeneous Deformation......................................................................38
2.8.3 Fatigue Behavior.......................................................................................40
2.8.4 Corrosion Resistance................................................................................42
2.8.5 Magnetic Properties..................................................................................43
2.9 Previous Development of Fe-Based Alloys......................................................43
2.10 Previous Development of Ti-Based Alloys......................................................49
3 Experimental.............................................................................................................53
4 Prediction of Glass Forming Compositions Using Liquidus Temperature
Calculations.......................................................................................................................57
4.1 Abstract.............................................................................................................57
4.2 Introduction.......................................................................................................57
4.3 Calculations.......................................................................................................58
4.4 Results and Discussion.....................................................................................61
4.5 Conclusions.......................................................................................................72
5 Evaluation of Glass Forming Ability in Metals Using Multi-Model Techniques....74
5.1 Abstract.............................................................................................................74
5.2 Introduction.......................................................................................................74
5.3 Solvent-solute cluster topology.........................................................................76
5.4 Solute-solute cluster topology and elastic strain...............................................80
5.5 Chemical Short Range Order............................................................................83
vii
5.6 Modeling Protocol............................................................................................88
5.7 Mg-based Alloys...............................................................................................89
5.8 Al-based Alloys................................................................................................96
5.9 Ti-based Alloys.................................................................................................99
5.10 Fe-based Alloys..............................................................................................103
5.11 Ni-based Alloys..............................................................................................107
5.12 Cu-Zr and Zr-based Alloys.............................................................................111
5.13 Conclusions.....................................................................................................116
6 Production of High Iron Content Amorphous Steels without the Use of Rare Earth
Elements..........................................................................................................................119
6.1 Abstract...........................................................................................................119
6.2 Introduction.....................................................................................................119
6.3 Results.............................................................................................................121
6.4 Conclusion......................................................................................................129
7 Development of Quaternary Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses...............................131
7.1 Abstract...........................................................................................................131
7.2 Introduction.....................................................................................................131
7.3 Results and Discussion...................................................................................132
7.4 Conclusions.....................................................................................................139
8 Modeling the Amorphous Forming Ability of Ti-Based Alloys with Wide
Supercooled Liquid Regions and High Hardness...........................................................141
8.1 Abstract...........................................................................................................141
8.2 Introduction.....................................................................................................141
viii
8.3 Results and Discussion...................................................................................143
8.4 Conclusions.....................................................................................................153
9 Conclusions.............................................................................................................154
10 References...........................................................................................................155
ix