Table Of ContentModeling of Adhesively Bonded Joints
·
Lucas Filipe Martins da Silva
¨
Andreas Ochsner (Eds.)
Modeling of Adhesively
Bonded Joints
123
Editors
LucasFilipeMartinsdaSilva Prof.Dr.Andreas O¨chsner
DepartamentodeEngenhariaMecaˆnica TechnicalUniversityofMalaysia
eGesta˜oIndustrial FacultyofMechanicalEngineering
FaculdadedeEngenharia DepartmentofAppliedMechanics
UniversidadedoPorto 91310UTMSkudai,Johor
RuaDr.RobertoFrias Malaysia
4200-465Porto [email protected]
Portugal
[email protected]
ISBN:978-3-540-79055-6 e-ISBN:978-3-540-79056-3
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2008927234
(cid:2)c 2008Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg
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Preface
Adhesiveshavebeenusedforthousandsofyears,butuntil100yearsago,thevast
majority were from natural products such as bones, skins, fish, milk, and plants.
Sinceabout1900,adhesivesbasedonsyntheticpolymershavebeenintroduced,but
these were at first of limited use as they were expensive and had poor mechanical
properties. Since 1940, there has been a rapid expansion of the chemical knowl-
edgeofpolymersfromwhichstructuraladhesivescanbemade,withaconsequent
improvementintheirpropertiesandreductionoftheircost.Today,therearemany
industrialusesofstructuraladhesives,particularlyinaerospace,butincreasinglyin
automotive applications wheretheneed istojoinsheetsofdissimilaradhesives to
producelightweightcarbodies.
In the old days, adhesive use was based on trial and error, together with expe-
rience of what was known to work, without any real means of optimisation. With
modern technological needs and assisted by modern computers and experimental
techniques,itisnowpossibletoassestheperformanceofadhesivelybondedjoints
before committing a design to manufacture. At least, that is the intention. Reality
issuchthatweneedcontinuallytoimproveanddevelopthesetechniquesasdefini-
tive and certain answers are still not available. Even now, we rely to a significant
extentontrialanderrorandtotestprototypesorcouponstovalidate(ortocheck)
thetheoreticalpredictions.
The objective of this book is to bring together some of the latest thinking on
available predictive technology for structural bonded joints, using internationally
renownedauthorswhoareauthoritiesintheirfields.
Therearetwobasicwaysofanalysingtheperformanceofajoint.Intheolddays,
beforewehadadvancedcomputers,wereliedonalgebraicmethods,usingarange
ofsimpleorcomplexformulae.Itwasdifficultorimpossibletosolvemostofthese
algebraicformulationsinaclosedformandsowereliedtosomeextentonnumer-
ical solutions. Even those solutions we could obtain were often so complex that it
tookseveralminutestocalculateasinglepointbyhand.However,moderncomput-
ers can now be programmed to solve these complex formulae on a point by point
basis since they can calculate the values in microseconds. These “old” algebraic
formulae have therefore gained a new lease of life and can, for relatively simple
v
vi Preface
jointgeometries,giveagoodindicationofthestressesandstrainsinajoint.Since
1970, the numerical technique called finite element analysis has been developed
fromacrudeandessentiallyaresearchtoolintoasophisticatedcommerciallyavail-
ablesystem.Thefacilitatorhasbeentheparalleldevelopmentofdigitalcomputers.
Thesecomputershavebecomefasterandabletotacklelargenumericalcalculations
onevenalaptopcomputer.Indeed,amodernlaptopcangiveresultsinsecondsthat
in1980wouldhavehadaturnroundtimeofadayormoreusingalargemainframe
computersuchasmightbefoundinauniversityoralargeindustrialcompany.For
example,amodernmotorcarcontainsmorecomputingpowerthanwasusedforthe
firstspacelandingsin1970.
Foranyonewantingtounderstandhowadhesivejointswillbehaveundersignifi-
cantloadsandhowyoumightgoaboutgettingadesignload,thisbookprovidesan
excellentreviewofthemostuptodatethinkingandpractice.
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering, RobertDAdams
UniversityofBristol,BristolBS81TR,UK
Contents
PartI AnalyticalModeling
1 SimpleLapJointGeometry................................... 3
AndrewD.CrocombeandIanA.Ashcroft
2 AnalysisofCrackedLapShear(CLS)Joints .................... 25
LiyongTongandQuantianLuo
3 AnalyticalModelswithStressFunctions ........................ 53
ToshiyukiSawa
PartII NumericalModeling
4 ComplexConstitutiveAdhesiveModels ......................... 95
ErolSancaktar
5 ComplexJointGeometry ..................................... 131
AndreasO¨chsner,LucasF.M.daSilvaandRobertD.Adams
6 ProgressiveDamageModelling ................................ 155
MarceloF.S.FdeMoura
7 ModellingFatigueinAdhesivelyBondedJoints .................. 183
IanA.AshcroftandAndrewD.Crocombe
8 EnvironmentalDegradation................................... 225
AndrewD.Crocombe,IanA.AshcroftandMagdM.AbdelWahab
9 Non-LinearThermalStressesinAdhesiveJoints ................. 243
MustafaKemalK.Apalak
vii
viii Contents
10 Impact .................................................... 279
ChiakiSato
11 StressAnalysisofBondedJointsbyBoundaryElementMethod .... 305
MadhukarVable
Index .............................................................327
List of Contributors
AndrewD.Crocombe
Division of Mechanical, Medical and Aerospace Engineering, School of
Engineering,UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,GU27XH,UK,
e-mail:[email protected]
AndreasO¨chsner
DepartmentofAppliedMechanics,FacultyofMechanicalEngineering,Technical
UniversityofMalaysia,81310UTMSkudai,Johor,Malaysia;UniversityCentre
forMassandThermalTransportinEngineeringMaterials,SchoolofEngineering,
TheUniversityofNewcastle,Callaghan,NSW2308,Australia,
e-mail:[email protected]
ChiakiSato
Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259
Nagatsuta,Midori-ku,Yokohama226-8503,Japan,e-mail:[email protected]
ErolSancaktar
Professor,PolymerEngineering,AdjunctProfessor,MechanicalEngineering,The
UniversityofAkron,Akron,OH44325-0301,e-mail:[email protected]
IanA.Ashcroft
WolfsonSchoolofMechanicalandManufacturingEngineering,Loughborough
University,Loughborough,Leicestershire,LE113TU,UK,
e-mail:[email protected]
LiyongTong
SchoolofAerospace,MechanicalandMechatronicEngineering,J11-Aeronautical
Engineering Building, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,
e-mail:[email protected]
LucasF.M.daSilva
Departamento de Engenharia Mecaˆnica e Gesta˜o Industrial, Faculdade de
Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto,
Portugal,e-mail:[email protected]
ix
x ListofContributors
MadhukarVable
Mechanical Engineering - Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological
University,Houghton,MI49931,USA,e-mail:[email protected]
MagdM.AbdelWahab
DivisionofMechanical,MedicalandAerospaceEngineering,UniversityofSurrey,
Guildford,GU27XH,UK,e-mail:[email protected]
MarceloF.S.FdeMoura
Departamento de Engenharia Mecaˆnica e Gesta˜o Industrial, Faculdade de
Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto,
Portugal,e-mail:[email protected]
MustafaKemalK.Apalak
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039,
Turkey,e-mail:[email protected]
QuantianLuo
SchoolofAerospace,MechanicalandMechatronicEngineering,J11-Aeronautical
Engineering Building, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,
e-mail:[email protected]
RobertD.Adams
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofBristol,BristolBS81TR,
UK,e-mail:[email protected]
ToshiyukiSawa
HiroshimaUniversity,1-4-1,Kagamiyama,Higashihiroshima,Hiroshima,Japan,
e-mail:[email protected]
Part I
Analytical Modeling
Description:A lot of recent developments have been made about adhesively bonded joints modeling using various methods of analysis. The increasing application of adhesives in industry is partly due to the increased sophistication and reliability of adhesive joints modeling. The book proposed intends to provide t
