Modeling and Simulation of Environmental Systems: A Computation Approach

377 Pages·2022·25.422 MB·English

by  Satya Prakash Maurya (editor), Akhilesh Kumar Yadav (editor), Ramesh Singh (editor)

Modeling and Simulation
of Environmental Systems
This book presents an overview of modeling and simulation of environmental sys-
tems via diverse research problems and pertinent case studies. It is divided into four
parts covering sustainable water resources modeling, air pollution modeling, Internet
of Things (IoT) based applications in environmental systems, and future algorithms
and conceptual frameworks in environmental systems. Each of the chapters demon-
strate how the models, indicators, and ecological processes could be applied directly
in the environmental sub-disciplines. It includes range of concepts and case studies
focusing on a holistic management approach at the global level for environmental
practitioners.
Features:
• Covers computational approaches as applied to problems of air and water
pollution domain.
• Delivers generic methods of modeling with spatio-temporal analyses using
soft computation and programming paradigms.
• Includes theoretical aspects of environmental processes with their complex-
ity and programmable mathematical approaches.
• Adopts a realistic approach involving formulas, algorithms, and techniques
to establish mathematical models/computations.
• Provides a pathway for real-time implementation of complex modeling
problem formulations including case studies.
This book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in Environ-
mental Engineering, Computational Engineering/Computer Science, Modeling/
Simulation, Environmental Management, Environmental Modeling, and Operations
Research.

Modeling and
Simulation of
Environmental Systems
A Computation Approach
Edited by
Satya Prakash Maurya
Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Ramesh Singh
First edition published 2023
by CRC Press
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and by CRC Press
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CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Satya Prakash Maurya, Akhilesh Kumar Yadav and Ramesh Singh;
individual chapters, the contributors
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ISBN: 978-1-032-06698-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-06699-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-20344-5 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003203445
Typeset in Times
by SPi Technologies India Pvt Ltd (Straive)
Contents
Foreword ...................................................................................................................ix
Preface .......................................................................................................................xi
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................xiii
Editors ......................................................................................................................xv
Contributors ...........................................................................................................xvii
PART I Water
Chapter 1 Computational Models for Water Resource Management:
Opportunities and Challenges .............................................................3
Aatish Anshuman and T. I. Eldho
Chapter 2 Applicability of Soft Computational Models for Integrated
Water Resource Management ...........................................................25
Chithra Nelson Rosamma
Chapter 3 Computational Models for Exchange of Water between
Ground Water and Surface Water Resources over a Sub-Basin .......39
Subba Rao Tellagorla and Subbarao Pichuka
Chapter 4 Computational and Field Approach to Assess Artificial
Recharge of Groundwater .................................................................53
Marykutty Abraham and Sankaralingam Mohan
Chapter 5 Multi-Objective Optimization in Water Resource Management ......65
Rashmi Bhardwaj and Shanky Garg
Chapter 6 Tools in Decision-Making of Allocation of Non-Traditional
Resources for Sustainable Water Development ................................83
Sahajpreet Kaur Garewal and Avinash D. Vasudeo
Chapter 7 Soft Computing Techniques for Forecasting of Water Demand .......97
Prerna Pandey, Shilpa Dongre, and Rajesh Gupta
v
vi Contents
Chapter 8 Intervention of Computational Models for Groundwater
Pollution Source Characterization ..................................................115
Anirban Chakraborty and Om Prakash
PART II Air Pollution
Chapter 9 Artificial Intelligence for Air Quality and Control Systems:
Status and Future Trends ................................................................133
Divya Patel, Mridu Kulwant, Saba Shirin, Ankit Kumar,
Mohammad Aurangzeb Ansari, and Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Chapter 10 Fuzzy and Neural Network Model-Based Environmental
Quality Monitoring System: Past, Present, and Future ...................153
Ankit Kumar, Saba Shirin, Mohammad Irfan Ansari,
Govind Pandey, Shiv Nath Sharma, and Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
PART III Internet of Things and
Environmental Systems
Chapter 11 Internet of Things (IoT): Powered Enhancements to
Industrial Air Pollution Monitoring Systems ..................................179
Hemanth Kumar Bangalore Naveen, Anand Jayachandran Jolly,
Vinay Narayanaswamy, Ajay Sudhir Bale, Baby Chithra Ramasamy,
Divyashree Neelegowda, and Subhashish Tiwari
Chapter 12 Impact of Temporary COVID-Related Lockdowns on
Air Quality across the Globe: A Systematic Review ......................191
Rajwinder Singh, Arti Thanki, Ankita Thanki,
Karanvir Singh Sohal, Anmol Kaur, and Shivani Dedakia
Chapter 13 Impact of Lockdown on Air Quality during COVID-19
Outbreak: A Global Scenario ..........................................................207
Anant Patel, Neha Keriwala, Prutha Patel, and Arohi Singh
Chapter 14 Integration of Geospatial Techniques in Environment
Monitoring Systems ........................................................................221
S. Sreedevi, Rakesh Kumar Sinha, and T. I. Eldho
Contents vii
Chapter 15 Agent-Based Modeling for Integrated Urban
Water Management .........................................................................239
Satya Prakash Maurya and Ramesh Singh
Chapter 16 Data-Driven Modeling Approach in Model Rainfall-Runoff
for a Mountainous Catchment ........................................................253
Arunava Poddar, Akhilesh Kumar, Veena Kashyap, and
Sashank Thapa
Chapter 17 Geospatial Technology-Based Artificial Groundwater Recharge
Site Selection for Sustainable Water Resource Management:
A Case Study of Rajkot District, Gujarat .......................................269
Jaysukh Chhaganbhai Songara and Jayantilal Naginbhai Patel
Chapter 18 Rainfall-Runoff Estimation for Rapti River Catchment Using
Geospatial Technology ...................................................................287
Suchita Pandey, Nilanchal Patel, and Ajay Kumar Agrawal
Chapter 19 Methodologies of Scenario Development for Water Resource
Management: A Review ..................................................................303
Gaurav Kumar and Rajiv Gupta
PART IV Future Algorithms in
Environmental Systems
Chapter 20 Process-Based Scenario Analyses of Future Socio-Environmental
Systems: Recent Efforts and a Salient Research Agenda for
Decision-Making ............................................................................319
Rakesh Kadaverugu, Rajesh Biniwale, and Chandrasekhar Matli
Chapter 21 From Quantitative to Qualitative Environmental Analyses:
Translating Mental Modeling into Physical Modeling ...................331
Ramesh Singh, Chaitanya Nidhi, and Satya Prakash Maurya
Chapter 22 An Interdisciplinary Modeling Approach for Dynamic
Adaptive Policy Pathways ..............................................................343
Vijay P. Singh, Satya Prakash Maurya, Ramesh Singh, and
Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Index ......................................................................................................................355

Foreword
Water, air, and soil are interactive elements that constitute the environmental contin-
uum. These elements are fundamental to our way of life, economic well-being, and
the health and integrity of the ecosystem. Central to the environmental continuum
is water. Because of the growing population, rising standard of living, increasing
industrialization, and expanding energy generation, the demand for water to satisfy
varied needs is unprecedented. The demand is being further accentuated by pollution
abatement, resulting in enormous pressure on water resources throughout the world.
In many parts of the world, water is already a scarce commodity and will become so
in several other parts in the very near future. Therefore, it requires careful manage-
ment not only in water scarce regions but everywhere. Water resources management
takes on an even greater significance because of the impacts of global warming and
climate change. A pressing challenge in water resources management is one of inte-
grating technology with institutional structures and developing tools that will help
decision makers when evaluating costs and benefits of water supply not only to the
various users but also to the environment and ecosystem. These tools must be able to
make a statement on the reliability of supply and demand.
Computational techniques, including soft computing, play an important role in
analyzing, modeling, and simulating complex environmental systems. Genetic and
other evolutionary algorithms have the capacity to handle large spaces and help with
system optimization. Fuzzy approaches help deal with imprecise inputs and states.
Machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques have, in general, significantly
contributed to the development of computational tools.
This book on modeling and simulation of environmental systems, a timely publi-
cation, attempts to introduce different methods that can be effectively integrated to
address multi-criteria, multi-objective assessment of complex environmental sys-
tems. It contains several chapters that deal with such assessments. The topics included
in the book encompass soft computing techniques, computational approaches to data
analytics, process dynamics, quantitative and qualitative analytics, artificial intelli-
gence approaches, agent-based modeling, and development of software framework
for dynamic adaptive policy pathways. The book will be useful to graduate students,
college faculty, and those engaged in research in the field of environmental modeling
and simulation approaches.
Vijay P. Singh, Ph.D., D.Sc., D. Eng. (Hon.), Ph.D. (Hon.), D.Sc. (Hon.), P.E.,
P.H., Hon. D. WRE, Dist. M. ASCE., Hon. M. IWRA, Hon. M. AWRA,
Dist. F. AGGS, Academician (GFA)
Distinguished Professor, Regents Professor
Caroline and William N. Lehrer Distinguished Chair in Water Engineering
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas, USA
ix