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Model plan fora Pacific Island country National planofactiontoprevent, deterandeliminateillegal, unreportedandunregulatedfishing Copyrightedmaterial CoverillustrationbyEmanuelaD'Antoni Copyrightedmaterial Model plan for a Pacific Island country National plan ofactionto prevent^ deterand eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulatedfishing FOODANDAGRICULTUREORGANIZATIONOFTHEUNITEDNATIONS Rome,2005 s One — 28RL-EXR-W32U C ‘ntedmalarial Thedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofmaterial inthisinformationproductdonotimplytheexpressionofany opinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheFoodandAgriculture OrganizationoftheUnitedNationsconcerningthelegalor developmentstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorof itsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiers orboundaries. ISBN92-5-105374-X Allrightsreserved.Reproductionanddisseminationofmaterialinthis informationproductforeducationalorothernon-commercialpurposesare authorizedwithoutanypriorwrittenpermissionfromthecopyrightholders providedthesourceisfullyacknowledged.Reproductionofmaterialinthis informationproductforresaleorothercommercialpurposesisprohibited withoutwrittenpermissionofthecopyrightholders.Applicationsforsuch permissionshouldbeaddressedtotheChief,PublishingManagementService, InformationDivision,FAO,VialedelleTermediCaracalla,00100Rome,Italy [email protected] ©FAO2005 Copyrightedmaterial iii PREPARATIONOFTHISDOCUMENT ThisdocumentpresentsamtxlelplanforaPacificIslandcountr>'toassistinthe elaborationofaNationalPlanofActiontoPrevent,DeterandEliminateIllegal, CUonnrseuplotratnetd,CaonldinUnBrreogwunl,atuenddeFrisahrienggio(nNalK)pAro-jIecUtU)fu.ndIetdwbaystphereFpaArOedTebcyhnFicAaOl CooperationProgramme,TCP/RAS/3009(A),ElaborationofaNationalPlanof ActiontoPrevent,DeterandEliminateIllegal,UnreportedandUnregulated FishingfortheFederatedStates. Illegal,unreptmedandunregulated(lUU)fishingisincreasinginworldfisheries and is proving to be a major obstacle in the achievement of long-term sustainabilityandenhancedresponsibilityinfisheries.ThemodelNPOA-IUU outlinedinthisdocumentseekstofacilitatethewiderimplementationofthe 2001FAOInternationalPlanofActiontoPrevent,DeterandEliminateIllegal, UnreportedandUnregulatedFishing(IPOA-IUU)inthePacificIslandsregion. Actiontowardsthisendisconsistentwiththelargenumberofcallsthathave beenmadeininternationalforaforStates,industryandotherstakeholderstotake stepstoimplementtheIPOA-IUU. AlthoughtheModelPlanhasbeendevelopedspecificallyforthePacificIslands regionbasedontherealitiesofitsfisheries,managementchallengesandregional institutionalarrangements,theconceptsandideasunderlyingtheModelPlan couldbemodifiedandadaptedIbruseinotherregions. Brown,C. McxlelplanforaPacificIslandcountry.NationalPlanofActiontoPrevent, DeterandEliminateIllegal,UnreportedandUnregulatedFishing. Rome.FAO.2(X)5.43p. ABSTRACT TlieModelPlanfortheelaborationofanNPOA-IUUisdesignedtoassist PacificIslandStatesgiveeffecttotheIPOA-IUU.Thetraxlelincorporates theessentialaspectsandfeaturesoftheIPOA-IUU,demonstratinghowa NPOA-IUUmightbedrafted.InseekingtoaddresslUUfishingthemodel providesanintroduction(withanimportantfocusonthefisheriessituationin themodelcountry)followedbymeasuresthatmightbeadoptedunderthe headingsofallStateresponsibilities,flagStateresponsibilities,coastalState measures, port State measures, internationally agreed market-related measures,research,regional fisheriesmanagementorganizationsandthe specialrequirementsofdevelopingcountries.Importantly,themodelinthe AppendixprovidesachecklistofsupportingactionsthatPacificIslandStates shouldtakeindevelopingandimplementingtheirNPOAs-lUU. Copyrightedmaterial V CONTENTS Acronymsandabbreviations viii Executivesummary ix 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 FAOInternationalPlanofActiontoPreventDeterand EliminateIllcKal,UnreportedandUnretzulatedFishing 1 1.3 DefinitionofIllegal,UnreportedandUnregulatedfishing 2 1.4 WhyislUUfishingaproblem? 3 1.5 Fisheriesprofile 5 1.5.1 Marinefi.sheries 5 1.5.1.1 Thesubsistencefishery 5 1.5.1.2 Coastalcommercialfishery 6 1.5.1.3 Theindustrialfishery 7 1.5.2 Economicconsiderations 8 1.5.2.1 Economicroleofthefishingindustry 8 1.5.2.2 Economicpolicyobjectivesofthegovernment forthefisheriessector 9 1.5.2.3 Developmentprospects 9 1.5.3 Fisheriesmanagement 10 1.5..3.1 Coastalcommercialfisheries 10 1.53.2 Industrialfisheries 1? 1.5.4 TheFisheriesManagementAct 15 1.5.5 Re.searchandtraining 15 1.5.6 Developmentassistance 16 1.5.7 Internationalandregionallawandrelations 16 1.5.7.1 Treatiesandagreements 16 1.6 Impactofl1U.5U.7F.2ishMiengmbershipofregionalfisherybodies 1179 1.7 ScopeoftheNPOA-IUU 20 2. A2LJLISnTteArnTaEtioRnaElSiPnOsNtrSuImeBnItLsITIES _22Q0 Copyrightedmaterial 1 2.2 VI Nationallegislation 22 2.2.1 Legislation 22 2.2.2 Statecontrolovernationals 22 2.2.3 Vesselswithoutnationality 23 2.2.4 Sanctions 23 2.2.5 Non-cooperatingStates 24 2.2.6 Economicincentives 24 2.2.7 Monitoring,controlandsurv'eillance 25 2.2.8 CooperationbetweenStates 27 2.2.9 Publicity 28 3. FL.4C.STATERESPONSIBILITIES 28 3.1 Fishingvesselregistration 28 3.2 Recordoffishingvessels 29 3.3 Authorizationtofish 30 3.4 Measurestocontroltransportandre-supplyvessels 3 4. COASTALSTATERESPONSIBILITIES 31 5. 6P.O1RTSTATEMEASURES 32 5.1 .Advancenoticeofaccess 32 5.2 Denialofaccess 33 5.3 Authorizedports 33 5.4 EvidenceindicatinglUUfishing 34 5.5 CooperationwithportStatesandthroughRFMOs 35 6. INTERNATIONALLYAGREEDMARKET-RELATED MEASURES 35 Trade-relatedmeasures 35 6.1.1 Catchdocumentationschemes 36 6.1.2 Transparencyofmarkets 36 6.1.3 Informationdissemination 37 Copyrightedmaterial vii 7. REGIONALFISHERIESMANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS 37 7.1 Partycompliance 37 7.2 Non-partycompliance 38 7.3 Innovation 38 7.4 Inclusionofnon-contractingparties 39 8. SPECIALREQUIREMENTSOFDEVELOPING COUNTRIES 40 APPENDIX:Supportingaction 41 TTaabbllee2I::FLiisstheorfieisnsetxrpuomretnst(sFrOatBi)fi2ed00by1-t2h0e0P3IC 281 Copyrightedmaterial ACRONYMSANDABBREVIATIONS 1982UN UnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSeaof Convention 10December1982 1993FAO 1993 FAO Agreement to Promote Compliance with Compliance InternationalConservationandManagement Measures Agreement byFishingVesselsontheHighSeas 1995UNFish 1995UnitedNationsAgreementfortheImplementation StocksAgreement oftheProvisionsoftheUnitedNationsConventionon theLawoftheSeaof10December1982relatingtothe ConservationandManagementofStraddlingFishStocks andHighlyMigratoryFishStocks ALC automaticlocationcommunicators CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered SpeciesofWildFaunaandFlora COFI FAOCommitteeonFisheries EEZ exclusiveeconomiczone FADs fishaggregationdevices FFA PacificIslandsForumFisheriesAgency FF'AConvention 1979PacificIslandsForumFisheriesConvention FAO FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations FOB freeonboard IPOA-IUU 2001FAOInternationalPlanofActiontoPrevent,Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing IMO InternationalMaritimeOrganization ISP institutionalstrengtheningproject MCS monitoring,controlandsurveillance MTCs HarmonizedMinimumTermsandConditionsofAccess forForeignFishingVessels NiueTreats’ 1992 Niue Treaty on Cooperation in Fisheries SurveillanceandLawEnforcementinthePacificIslands Region NPOA-Capacity 1999FAONationalPlanofActionfortheManagement ofFishingCapacity Copyrightedmaterial EXECUTIVESUMMARY ThisdocumentprovidesamodelNationalPlanofActiontoPrevent,Deterand Eliminate Illegal, Unreixtrted and Unregulated Fishing (NPOA-IUU)fora PacificIslandcountr>'(PIC).ThePlanhasbeendevelopedinaccordancewith the2(X)I FAOInternationalPlanofActiontoPrevent,DeterandEliminate Illegal. Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, adopted by the Food and AgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNationsin2001. ProtectionofthemarineecosystemisakeyissueforthePICinitsbidtoensure foodsecurity.Allfishingactivitiesthatdegradethemarineenvironmentandthat threatenthehealthoffish.stocksinthePICandthewiderPacificIslandsregion isathreattothehealthandlivelihoodofthePICpeopleandtothesupplyoffish, particularlytuna,availabletotheoutsideworld. Coastalmarineresourcesaswellasthedeepwatersnapperandgrouperstocks arealreadyunderstressfromlegitimatefishersandsotheadditionalimpacton resources by illegal, unreported and unregulated (lUU) fishers w'ill be catastrophic. ThePICisconsciousthatthePacificIslandsregion’stropicaltunaresourcesare inagenerallyhealthystateandthattheseresourcescontributesignificantlytothe world’ssupplyoftuna. Alongwith partnersmall islanddevelopingStates (SIDS)intheregion,thePICisconcernedtoensurethelong-tennsustainability oftheseresourcesbothforfoodsecuritypurpt)sesandbecausethePICisseeking toderive long-termeconomic benefit from the exploitation oftunas. The domestictunaindustryhasexpandedsignificantlyinrecentyearsandhasthe prospeet forfurtherexpansion. Currently, freshand frozen tunasmakeup approximately25percentoftotalexportearnings.Infuture,domesticdemand fortunawillincreaseascoastalfisheryresourcesbecomefullyexploited. lUUfishingontunaandasscKiatedspeciesisathreattofoodandeconomic securityasthePICseekstodevelopasustainableandviabletunafishingand pnveessingindustry. ThePIChaslimitedfisheriesmanagementresourcesandrelicstosomeextenton regional and bilateral ciwperation to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreportedandunregulatedfishing.ThePICiscommittedtofurtherdeveloping itsmanagementcapacityandtoworkingwithpartnerStates,bothintheregion andinternationally,toensuretheconservationandlong-termsustainableuseof fishstcKksandtheprotectionoftheenvironment. Copyrightedmaterial

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Model plan for a Pacific Island country : National plan of action to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing PDF

2005·1.8 MB·English
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