Table Of ContentSignals and Communication Technology
Shanzhi Chen
Yan Shi
Bo Hu
Ming Ai
Mobility
Management
Principle, Technology and Applications
Signals and Communication Technology
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/4748
Shanzhi Chen Yan Shi Bo Hu
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Ming Ai
Mobility Management
Principle, Technology and Applications
123
ShanzhiChen BoHu
ChinaAcademy of Telecommunication Beijing University of Posts
Technology andTelecommunications
Beijing Beijing
China China
Yan Shi Ming Ai
Beijing University of Posts ChinaAcademy of Telecommunication
andTelecommunications Technology
Beijing Beijing
China China
ISSN 1860-4862 ISSN 1860-4870 (electronic)
Signals andCommunication Technology
ISBN978-3-662-52724-5 ISBN978-3-662-52726-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-52726-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016941286
©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2016
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To my parents, my wife Yali Gao and my son
Bob Junzhe Chen with loves and gratitude
—Shanzhi Chen
To my parents and family for their loves, and
to my teachers for their guidance
—Yan Shi
To my parents and my wife Lin Si
—Bo Hu
To my parents, my wife and my son
—Ming Ai
Preface
Mobility management is the technology aiming to provide communication and
service continuity for mobile objects (i.e., users, machines, and services). It origi-
natedfromthecellularsystemasonefeatureinthespecificnetworkanddeveloped
continually as a general capability of networks in the following network evolution
stagessuchasInternet,mobileInternet,non-infrastructurenetwork,andInternetof
Things (IoT). When prospecting the future mobility-driven network (MDN), it is
envisioned that mobility plays an increasing role in communications and services,
including mobility of humans in traditional mobile communications, mobility of
machines in machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, mobility of contents in
data-centric networks, mobility of service providers in new emerging applications,
and mobility of computing resources in mobile cloud computing. The mobility as
the inherent capability is used for implementing communications, networking, and
applications. The mobilitysupporting will beone ofthefocusesgoing throughthe
future network architecture developments and the essential technology research.
This book is based upon years of academic and industrial experiences in
mobility management of the authors. It is the first book treating mobility man-
agementasanindividualtechnologywithsystematicandinsightview.Thetexthas
been prepared to provide fundamental concepts of technical principles and design
philosophies yet avoiding discussions in protocol details.
Themobilitymanagementreferencemodelsproposedbyauthorsareusedinthe
book as the main track, offering multi-dimensional investigation and horizontal
comparisonoftypicaltechnologies.Themodelisusedtoexplainprofoundtheories
in simple ways and simple languages, making it an excellent reference for the
researchers, engineers, and students working in related areas.
This book covers major principles, technologies, and applications of mobility
managementtechnology.Chaptersofthebookarestructuredintothreemainparts.
Part I: Fundamental Concepts and Principles (Chaps. 1–4)
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the background, evolution, definitions, and
classifications of mobility management, with brief introduction to standardization
activities.
vii
viii Preface
Chapter 2 presents reference models of the mobility management technology,
includingtheprotocolreferencemodelidentifyingthecriticalcontrolfunctionsand
network reference model abstracting the function entities. Typical mobility man-
agement technologies are analyzed accordingly.
Chapter 3 provides extensive discussions on technologies supporting different
mobility objectives and highlights the technical principles rather than protocol
details. This chapter is particularly useful for quickly understanding these
technologies.
Chapter 4 discusses the applications of some mathematical theories in mobility
management researches including mobility modeling, performance analysis, and
algorithm design.
Part II: Classical Technologies and Applications (Chaps. 5–8)
Chapter 5 introduces the mobility management technology in the cellular
communication system as the classical technology at the data link layer. Major
networkentitiesandcontrolfunctionsareabstractedandanalyzedaccordingtothe
reference models introduced in this book, especially the design principles in
location management and handover control.
Chapter 6 selects Mobile IP (MIP) as the typical mobility management tech-
nology at the network layer. Extensive discussions on critical control functions in
MIP are offered based on the reference models introduced in the book. Network
mobility support capability of MIP is also discussed.
Chapter7takesthemobileStreamControlTransmissionProtocol(mSCTP)asa
typical protocol providing mobility support at the transport layer. Based on the
introductionto existing schemeswith explanationsusing theirtechnical principles,
mSCTP is introduced with in-depth analyses on the critical control functions.
Chapter 8 introduces the mobility support technology at the application layer,
where Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is taken as the typical protocol example.
Thecontrolfunctionsanditscapabilitiestosupportvariousmobilityobjectivesare
presented.
Part III: Future Requirements, Challenges, and Directions (Chap. 9)
Chapter9startswithanalysesofthetechnicalrequirementsofspecificscenarios.
Based on those requirements, the methodology-related challenges are derived and
the research trends are presented.
Beijing, China Shanzhi Chen
June 2016 Yan Shi
Bo Hu
Ming Ai
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to express sincere gratitude to several industry reviewers at
Datang Telecom Technology & Industry Group, who offered helpful suggestions
basedontheirrichresearchresultsandengineeringexperiences.Webenefitgreatly
from valuable suggestions provided by Li Xu, Jian Zhao, Hucheng Wang, and
Fangli Xu for mobility management technologies at data link layer (Chap. 5). The
authorssincerelyappreciateYanfeiZhouandYunjingHoufortheirvaluableinputs
to Chap. 6.
WearealsopleasedtoacknowledgethehelpsfromgraduatestudentsofBUPT,
who have helped us greatly in preparing related materials. Zhenxiang Gao,
Changkai Lu, Li Li, Qingyun Xin, Xiaojuan Zhou, Xuemei Zhu, and Bin Chen
surveyedthepapersaboutapplyingmathematicaltheoriesinmobilitymanagement
(Chap. 4). Yao Zhang, Huan Wang, and Ning Li prepared materials for mobility
management technologies at the data link layer (Chap. 5) and the network layer
(Chap. 6).Jianli Pancollected referencesfor mobility management technologies at
the application layer (Chap. 8).
SpecialthanksgotoProf.JinhuLyuandhisdoctoralstudentShaolinTanatthe
InstituteofMathematicsandSystemsScienceinChineseAcademyofSciencesfor
theircomprehensivereviewandvaluablesuggestionsaboutapplyingmathematical
theories in mobility management (Chap. 4).
Finally,itisapleasuretoacknowledgeLuYang,HuijieGuo andSpringer,who
helped us to bring this book to you.
ix
Contents
Part I Fundamental Concepts and Principles
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Background and Evolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1.1 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1.2 Research Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.1.3 Evolution Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2.1 Mobility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2.2 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2.3 Related Terminologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 Standardization Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1 3GPP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.2 IETF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.3.3 ITU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.3.4 IEEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.5 ETSI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.3.6 WFA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3.7 WBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4 Motivation and Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2 Mobility Management Reference Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1 Protocol Reference Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.1 Data Plane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1.2 Control Plane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.1.3 Management Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.2 Network Reference Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.2.1 Mobility Management Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2.2 Access Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.3 Domain Mobility Controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.2.4 Mobility Management Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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