Table Of Contenti
Mind Cure
ii
iii
Mind Cure
How Meditation Became
Medicine
WAKOH SHANNON HICKEY
1
iv
3
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers
the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education
by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University
Press in the UK and certain other countries.
Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press
198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America.
© Oxford University Press 2019
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the
prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted
by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction
rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the
above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the
address above.
You must not circulate this work in any other form
and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Hickey, Wakoh Shannon, 1963- author.
Title: Mind cure : how meditation became medicine / Wakoh Shannon Hickey.
Description: New York : Oxford University Press, 2019. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018040395 (print) | LCCN 2018055644 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780190864255 (updf) | ISBN 9780190864262 (epub) |
ISBN 9780190864248 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780190864279 (online content)
Subjects: LCSH: Medicine and psychology.
Classification: LCC R726.5 (ebook) |
LCC R726.5 .H53 2019 (print) | DDC 610.1/9—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018040395
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America
v
For my parents and teachers
vi
We are what we think.
All that we are arises with our thoughts.
With our thoughts we make the world.
— Śakyamuni Buddha, The Dhammapada 1:1, trans.
Thomas Byrom
☸
Often we are seriously oblivious of the
ground we stand upon,
the houses we live in, the lenses we see through,
all gifted to us, mostly anonymously, by others.
— Jon Kabat- Zinn, Coming to Our Senses
☸
Medicine and sickness heal each other.
All the earth is medicine.
Where do you find yourself?
— Zen Master Yunmen
vii
Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1. Mysticism, Mesmerism, Mind Cure 18
2. Individualist and Community- Oriented Mind Cure 37
3. Mind Cure and Meditation at Greenacre and Beyond 63
4. Mind Cure Medicalized: The Emmanuel Movement
and Its Heirs 100
5. Is Mindfulness Religion? 137
6. Is Mindfulness Effective? 171
7. From Mind Cure to Mindfulness: What Got Lost 187
Appendix: Notes on Methods and Theory 219
Notes 227
Bibliography 271
Index 299
viii
ix
Acknowledgments
FIRST THANKS BELONG to librarians! Without their expertise and gen-
erous help over two decades of research and writing, this book could
not have been produced. I am grateful to have been the beneficiary of
dedicated and skillful staff at Duke University’s Divinity School Library,
Perkins and Bostock Libraries, and Medical Center Library; the University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill libraries; the Graduate Theological Union
Library; the Swedenborgian Library and Archives at Pacific School of
Religion; the University of California Library system, particularly the Doe
Library at Berkeley; the Styberg Library of Garrett- Evangelical Theological
Seminary; the Newberry Library; the Unity Village library; the Henry Steel
Olcott Memorial Library of the Theosophical Society in America; the Mary
Baker Eddy Library; the New York Public Library; Alfred University’s
Herrick Memorial Library; the Library of Congress; the Loyola- Notre
Dame Library; and the Sheridan Libraries of Johns Hopkins University.
(Additional thanks to Kathryn Schnurr and Barb Helmuth, who provided
access to the Sheridan Libraries.) Particular thanks to Michael Yockey
at the Swedenborgian Library and Archives and to Nick Triggs, former
Interlibrary Loan wizard extraordinaire for the Loyola–N otre Dame
Library, whose help was indispensable. Thanks also to the taxpayers and
donors who support all these institutions.
Thanks to my former professors Richard Jaffe, Laurie Maffly-K ipp,
Leela Prasad, Julie Byrne, and Tom Tweed, all of whom gave helpful guid-
ance and salutary critiques on the early drafts of the dissertation that be-
came the foundation for this book. Special thanks to Alison Stokes, whose
book Ministry after Freud enabled me to connect crucial dots in chapters 4
and 5, and to Anne Gordon Perry, who shared her research on Sarah
Farmer. Deep gratitude to the late Joan Hildebrant, from whom I learned
much of what I know about writing.
