Microbiota in Health and Disease: From Pregnancy to Childhood

345 Pages·2017·8.764 MB·English

by  Pamela D. Browne, Eric Claassen, Michael D. Cabana

Microbiota

in health and disease:
from pregnancy to childhood
edited by:
Pamela D. Browne Wageningen Academic
P u b l i s h e r s
Eric Claassen
Michael D. Cabana
Microbiota in health and disease:
from pregnancy to childhood

Microbiota

in health and disease:
from pregnancy to childhood
edited by:
Pamela D. Browne
Eric Claassen
Michael D. Cabana
Wageningen Academic
P u b l i s h e r s
Buy a print copy of this book at
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Table of contents
Part I.
The ‘healthy’ infant gut microbiota 15
Chapter 1
Infant and child microbiota: current status and directions for future research 17
P.D. Browne, M.B. Van der Waal and E. Claassen
Abstract 17
1.1 Introduction 17
1.2 The infant and child microbiota 18
1.3 Factors influencing the gut microbiota development 22
1.4 Intestinal microbiota and physiological systems and it’s role in paediatric diseases 23
1.5 From bowel to infant behaviour 28
1.6 Consequences of dysbiosis outside of the gut 28
1.7 Assessment of microbiota 29
1.8 Manipulating the gut microbiota 30
1.9 Conclusions 30
References 31
Part II.
Factors influencing the gut microbiota development 37
Chapter 2
Development of the neonatal microbiota 39
G.R. Young, S. Zalewski, S.P. Cummings and C. Lanyon
Abstract 39
2.1 Acquisition of initial gastrointestinal microbiota 39
2.2 Symbiosis and dysbiosis 41
2.3 Disease states and the microbiota 44
2.4 Management strategies and microbiota associated disease 47
2.5 Future research 50
References 50
Microbiota in health and disease: from pregnancy to childhood 7
Chapter 3
Impact of maternal prenatal psychosocial stress and maternal obesity on infant
microbiota 57
P.D. Browne, E. Van den Berg and C. De Weerth
Abstract 57
3.1 Introduction 57
3.2 Early life programming 58
3.3 Maternal prenatal psychosocial stress 59
3.4 Maternal pregnancy obesity 62
3.5 Conclusions 70
References 71
Chapter 4
The impact of birth and postnatal medical interventions on infant gut microbiota 79
A.L. Kozyrskyj, S.L. Bridgman and M.H. Tun
Abstract 79
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2 Caesarean section delivery 81
4.3 Maternal intrapartum antibiotics 83
4.5 Hospitalisation post birth 85
4.6 Infant postnatal antibiotics 86
4.7 Conclusions 88
References 88
Appendix 4.1 Study details of infant gut microbial dysbiosis by medical
intervention type and taxon category. 93
Chapter 5
Early diet and the infant gut microbiome: how breastfeeding and solid foods shape the
microbiome 105
J. Penders
Abstract 105
5.1 Introduction 105
5.2 The intestinal microbiome in breastfed and formula-fed infants 106
5.3 Introduction of solid foods and weaning 111
5.4 Practical recommendations and future perspectives 113
References 114
8 Microbiota in health and disease: from pregnancy to childhood
Part III.
Human microbiota and physiological systems 119
Chapter 6
The intestinal microbiota and the child’s immune system 121
M.C. Jenmalm and S.L. Prescott
Abstract 121
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Co-evolutionary interdependency of the microbiome and the immune system 122
6.3 The first microbial encounters 122
6.4 Interactions between intestinal microbes and the immune system during infancy 126
6.5 Conclusions 131
References 131
Chapter 7
Microbiota and the gastro-intestinal system in children 141
C. Gómez-Gallego and S. Salminen
Abstract 141
7.1 Introduction 141
7.2 Microbial colonisation in early life 143
7.3 Host-microbe homeostasis in the gut 143
7.4 Molecules of bacterial origin and their influence on gastrointestinal tract
development 145
7.5 Conclusions 147
7.6 Pressing gaps in knowledge 148
References 148
Chapter 8
The interplay between the microbiota and the central nervous system during
neurodevelopment 151
A. Bharwani, J. Bienenstock and P. Forsythe
Abstract 151
8.1 Introduction 151
8.2 Central nervous system development 152
8.3 Stress-response programming and early life stress 154
8.4 Enteric nervous system development 155
8.5 Signalling mechanisms underpinning gut-brain communication 155
8.6 Conclusions 158
References 158
Microbiota in health and disease: from pregnancy to childhood 9