Table Of ContentMICRO AND NANO THERMAL
TRANSPORT
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MICRO AND NANO
THERMAL
TRANSPORT
Characterization, Measurement,
and Mechanism
Edited by
L Q
IN IU
Professsor,SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,
Beijing,China
Y F
ANHUI ENG
SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,
Beijing,China
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Contents
Contributors vii 3.3 Thermaltransportmechanismanalysis
tool-moleculardynamics 94
Preface ix
3.4 Summary 102
Acknowledgment xi
References 102
4. Microwire,fiber,nanotube,andnanowire
1. Introduction
LinQiu,YilingLiu,YanboDu,andFengchengLi
LinQiu,NingZhu,andFengchengLi
4.1 Experimentaltechniquecomparison 116
1.1 Micro-andnanoscalematerials 2 4.2 Thermaltransportmechanism
1.2 Thermaltransportscalecharacteristics 6 characteristics 130
1.3 Demandforthermalpropertiesresearch 9 4.3 Experimentalstudyonthermalconductivity
References 14 ofsinglecarbonfiber 143
4.4 Advantagesofmultipletechnology
2. Experimental techniques overview
combinations 149
4.5 Researchprogressonmetallicnanowires
LinQiu,YuxinOuyang,andFengchengLi
preparationandheattransport 151
2.1 Thermophysicalparametersandexperimental 4.6 Aspectstobeimproved 154
methodcategory 20 4.7 Summary 155
2.2 Thermalconductivitymeasurement References 156
techniques 23
2.3 Thermalconductivitymeasurement 5. Nanofilm
techniques 26
LinQiu,ZihanLiu,andFengchengLi
2.4 Specificheatcapacitymeasurement
techniques 31 5.1 Scanningthermalmicroscopy 163
2.5 Thermaldiffusivitymeasurement 5.2 3ωmethod 170
techniques 36 5.3 Ramanmethod 178
2.6 Seebeckcoefficientmeasurement 5.4 Time-domainthermalreflectionmethod
techniques 40 (TDTR) 190
2.7 Summary 42 5.5 Factorsaffectingthemeasurement 192
References 42 5.6 Summary 200
References 201
3. Thermal transport mechanism for
different structure 6. Nanoporous bulk
LinQiu,XiaoxinYan,XiaoliangZhang,andFengchengLi LinQiu,KeningYan,andFengchengLi
3.1 Thermaltransportcharacteristicsatmicro/ 6.1 Selectionofthermalmodel 205
nanoscale 47 6.2 Experimentaltechniquesandeffect
3.2 Dimensionalcharacteristicsofheattransport 51 comparison 227
v
vi Contents
6.3 Thermaltransportmechanism 8.2 Theoreticalmodelofinterfacethermal
characteristics 233 resistance 287
6.4 Summary 239 8.3 Interfacethermalresistancewithelectronic
References 240 participation 295
8.4 Researchmethodsforinterfacethermal
7. Nanofluid and nanopowders resistance 305
8.5 Summary 311
LinQiu,SidaWang,YuhaoMa,andFengchengLi
References 312
7.1 Systemandpreparationofnanofluids 248
9. Conclusion
7.2 Performanceandcharacterizationof
nanofluids 257
LinQiu,ZihanLiu,andFengchengLi
7.3 Experimentalstudyontransportparameters
ofnanofluids 262 9.1 Experimentaltechniquesoverview 317
7.4 Nanofluidboilingheatexchange 266 9.2 Thermaltransportmechanismfordifferent
7.5 Applicationofnanofluids 269 structure 318
7.6 Applicationofnanopowders 273 9.3 Microwire,fiber,nanotube,and
7.7 Summary 280 nanowire 319
References 280 9.4 Nanofilm 320
9.5 Nanoporousbulk 321
8. Interfacial thermal resistance between 9.6 Nanofluidandnanopowders 322
materials 9.7 Interfacialthermalresistancebetween
materials 323
LinQiu,FangyuanSun,YilingLiu,YuhaoMa,andFengchengLi
Index 337
8.1 Interfacialthermalresistanceandcontact
thermalresistance 286
Contributors
YanboDu SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental FangyuanSun School of Energy and
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand Environmental Engineering, University of
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing,
FengchengLi SchoolofEnergyand China
EnvironmentalEngineering,Universityof SidaWang SchoolofEnergyand
ScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China EnvironmentalEngineering,Universityof
ScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China
YilingLiu SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand KeningYan School of Energy and
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China Environmental Engineering, University of
Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing,
ZihanLiu SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental
China
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China XiaoxinYan School of Energy and
Environmental Engineering, University of
YuhaoMa SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental
Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing,
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand
China
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China
XiaoliangZhang School of Energy and Power
YuxinOuyang SchoolofEnergyand
Engineering, Dalian University of
EnvironmentalEngineering,Universityof
Technology, Dalian, China
ScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China
NingZhu SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental
LinQiu SchoolofEnergyandEnvironmental
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand
Engineering,UniversityofScienceand
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China
TechnologyBeijing,Beijing,China
vii
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Preface
The title of this book is “Micro- and Chapter 3 summarizes the thermal trans-
nanothermal transport: characterization, port characteristics and micromechanism of
measurement, and mechanism.” With the representative micro- and nanoscale mate-
progressofmodernscienceandtechnology, rials from zero dimension to three dimen-
electronic devices are gradually developing sion, as well as the thermal characteristics
toward miniaturization, which poses a ofsomemultidimensionalmixingmaterials.
higher challenge to thermal management. In Chapters 4–7, microwire, fiber, nano-
Thediscoveryofmicro-andnanoscalemate- tube, and nanowire (Chapter 4), nanofilm
rialssuchascarbonnanotubesandgraphene (Chapter 5), nanoporous bulk (Chapter 6),
has opened a new era of materials and has andnanofluidandnanopowders(Chapter7)
becomeapopularthermalmanagementma- areintroducedindetailandsummarizedfrom
terial.Themainpurposeofthisbookistore- the perspectives of experimental measure-
viewthethermalproperties,thermophysical ment method and principle, influencing fac-
property measurement methods, and appli- torsofheattransportmechanism,theoretical
cation fields of micro- and nanoscale mate- predictionmodel,andpracticalapplication.
rials with different dimensions by In Chapter 8, the important interfacial
introducingtheuniquesizeeffect,interfacial thermal resistance of micro- and nanoscale
thermal resistance, and other micro- materials is introduced. First, the difference
nanoscaleheat transport characteristics. between interfacial thermal resistance and
Chapter 1 reviews the development of contact thermal resistance is explained; sec-
micro- and nanoscale materials, the defini- ond,severaltheoreticalmodelsofinterfacial
tion and classification of micro- and nano- thermal resistance are summarized, and, fi-
scale materials, the differences between nally, the common methods of studying in-
micro- and nanoscale materials and tradi- terfacial thermal resistance are reviewed.
tional materials, and their advantages in Thisbookisofparticularusetomechani-
the field of thermal management. cal engineers, electrical engineers, low-
Chapter 2 introduces the thermophysical carbon practitioners worldwide, as well as
parameters measured experimentally, such to academics and researchers in the fields
as thermal conductivity, specific heat, ther- ofthermalmanagement,energyengineering,
mal diffusion coefficient, as well as various and material science.
measurement methods and experimental
principles.
ix
