Table Of ContentR.E. Mansel 
O. Fodstad 
W.G. Jiang
Editors
Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment 11
Metastasis of 
Breast Cancer
(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:0)(cid:4)
Metastasis of Breast Cancer
Cancer Metastasis – Biology and Treatment
VOLUME 11
SeriesEditors
RichardJ.Ablin,Ph.D.,UniversityofArizona,CollegeofMedicineandTheArizonaCancer
Center,AZ,U.S.A.
WenG.Jiang,M.D.,WalesCollegeofMedicine,CardiffUniversity,Cardiff,U.K.
AdvisoryEditorialBoard
HaroldF.Dvorak,M.D.
PhilGold,M.D.,Ph.D.
DannyWelchPh.D.
HiroshiKobayashi,M.D.,Ph.D.
RobertE.Mansel,M.S.,FRCS.
KlausPantelPh.D.
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Volume11:MetastasisofBreastCancer
Editors:Robe rt E.Ma nsel,Oy  steinFod  stad and  Wen  G.Jiang
ISBN1-4020-5866-7
Metastasis of Breast
Cancer
Edited by
Robert   E.  Mansel
Cardiff  University  School of  Medicine
Oystein Fodstad
UniversityofSouth  Alabama
and
W en  G.Jiang
CardiffUniversitySchool ofMedicine
AC.I.P.CataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress.
ISBN978-1-4020-5866-0(HB)
ISBN978-1-4020-5867-7(e-book)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 
List of Contributors …………………………………..………           ix   
 
 
Chapter 1  ……………………………………………  1 
         Metastasis of breast cancer: an introduction   
         Robert E. Mansel, Oystein Fodstad, and Wen G. Jiang   
Chapter 2  ……………………………………………  7 
         The genetic control of breast cancer metastasis   
         Rajeev S. Samant, Oystein Fodstad, and Lalita A. Shevde   
Chapter 3  ……………………………………………  31 
BRCA1 in initiation, invasion, and metastasis of breast   
cancer: a perspective from the tumor microenvironment
          Shaun D. McCullough, Yanfen Hu, and Rong Li   
Chapter 4  ……………………………………………  47 
          Cell motility and breast cancer metastasis   
Marc E. Bracke, Daan De Maeseneer, Veerle Van Marck,   
Lara Derycke, Barbara Vanhoecke, Olivier De Wever, and 
Herman T. Depypere 
Chapter 5  ……………………………………………  77 
Tight junctions and metastasis of breast cancer   
          Tracey A. Martin   
Chapter 6  ……………………………………………  111 
Cell adhesion molecules in breast cancer invasion  
and metastasis 
          Lalita A. Shevde and Judy A. King
vi Table of contents 
Chapter 7  ……………………………………………  137 
          Endocrine resistance and breast cancer invasion   
          Stephen Hiscox, Julia Gee, and Robert I. Nicholson   
Chapter 8  ……………………………………………  151 
The role of aromatase and other oestrogen producing   
enzymes in mammary carcinogenesis 
          Mohamed Salhab and Kefah Mokbel   
Chapter 9  ……………………………………………  171 
The role of the HGF regulatory factors in breast cancer   
          Christian Parr and Wen G. Jiang   
Chapter 10  ……………………………………………  203 
The insulin-like growth factor-1 ligand in breast cancer   
management 
          Yoon M. Chong, Ash Subramanian, and Kefah Mokbel    
Chapter 11  ……………………………………………  219 
Lymphangiogenesis and metastatic spread of breast   
cancer 
          Mahir A. Al-Rawi and Wen G Jiang   
Chapter 12  ……………………………………………  241 
Breast cancer secreted factors alter the bone   
microenvironment 
Valerie A. Siclari, Theresa A. Guise, and John M. Chirgwin   
Chapter 13  ……………………………………………  259 
Cyclooxygenease-2 and breast cancer   
          Gurpreet  Singh-Ranger and Kefah Mokbel   
Chapter14 ……………………………………………  279 
Prognostic and predictive factors in human breast   
cancer  
Soe Maunglay,  Douglas C. Marchion, and Pamela N.   
Münster
Table of contents  vii
Chapter 15  ……………………………………………  307 
          Molecular imaging in metastatic breast cancer   
C.P. Schröder, G.A.P. Hospers, P.H.B. Willemse, P.J.   
Perik, E.F.J. de Vries, P.L. Jager, W.T.A. van der Graaf, 
M.N. Lub-de Hooge, and E.G.E. de Vries 
Chapter 16  ……………………………………………  321 
Detection of disseminated tumor cells in the bone   
marrow and blood of breast cancer patients 
          Volkmar Müller and Klaus Pantel   
Chapter 17  ……………………………………………  333 
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer   
          Amit Goyal and Robert E. Mansel   
Chapter 18  ……………………………………………  355 
Surgical management of patients with metastatic breast   
cancer 
Adam I. Riker, SuHu Liu, Mona Hagmaier, Matthew J. D.   
D’lessio, and Charles E. Cox 
Chapter 19  ……………………………………………  373 
Therapeutic aspect of metastatic breast cancer:   
chemotherapy 
Robert C.F. Leonard and  Thinn P. Pwint   
Chapter 20  ……………………………………………  389 
The diagnosis and treatment of bone metastases   
in breast cancer 
          Allan Lipton   
Chapter 21  ……………………………………………  405 
Hormonal therapies of metastatic breast cancer:    
the past and the present 
          Jürgen Geisler and Per Eystein Lønning   
Index  ……………………………………………  425
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 
 
 
 
 
 
Al-Rawi,  Mahir  A.,  MB,  BCh,  PhD,  Metastasis  and  Angiogenesis 
Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, 
Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK 
Bracke,  Marc,  PhD,  Professor,  Laboratory  of  Experimental  Cancer 
Research, Department of Experimental Cancer Research, Radiotherapy 
and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 
Gent, Belgium 
Chirgwin, John M., PhD, Professor of Internal Medicine, Division of 
Endocrinology, University of Virginia PO Box 801401, Charlottesville 
VA 22908-1401, USA 
Chong,  Yoon  M.,  Department  of  Breast  &  Endocrine  Surgery,  St. 
George’s Hospital, London, SW17 0QT, UK 
Cox, Charles E., M.D., University of South Florida, Moffitt Cancer 
Center, 13902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Mitchell Cancer 
Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA 
D’Alessio,  Matthew  J., MD, University of South Alabama-Mitchell 
Cancer Institute, 301 North University Blvd., MSB 2015, Mobile, AL
36688, USA 
De  Maeseneer,  Daan,  Laboratory of Experimental Cancer  Research,
Department o f Experimental Cancer Research, Radiotherapy and Nuclear
Medicine, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
ix
x  List of contributors
de Vries, E.F.J., Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University 
Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands 
de Vries, Elisabeth G.E., MD, PhD, Department of Medical Oncology, 
University of Groningen and University Medical Center, P.O. Box 30.001, 
9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.  
De Wever, Olivier, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Depart-
ment  of  Experimental  Cancer  Research,  Radiotherapy,  and  Nuclear 
Medicine, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 
Depypere,  Herman  T.,  Department  of  Gynaecological  Oncology, 
University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 
Derycke, Lara, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Depart-
ment  of  Experimental  Cancer  Research,  Radiotherapy,  and  Nuclear 
Medicine, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 
Fodstad, Oystein, PhD, Director of Research, Professor of Cancer Biology 
and Pharmacology, Michell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 
307 N. University Blvd., MSB 2015, Mobile, AL 36688, USA 
Gee, Julia, Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Phar-
macy, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF10 3XF, UK 
Geisler,  Jürgen,  Consultant,  Section  of  Oncology,  Department  of 
Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway 
Goyal, Amit, MB, MD, Lecturer, University Department of Surgery, 
Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, 
UK 
Guise, Theresa A., Division of Endocrinology, University of Virginia 
PO Box 801401, Charlottesville  VA 22908-1401, USA