Table Of ContentMETABOLIC ENGINEERING OF PLANT SECONDARY METABOLISM
Metabolic Engineering of Plant
Secondary Metabolism
Edited by
R. Verpoorte
Division Pharmacognosy,
Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research,
Leiden, The Netherlands
and
A. W. Alfermann
Heinrich-Heine-Universitiit, Dusseldorf,
Institut fur Entwicklungs- und
Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen,
Dusseldorf, Germany
,.
•
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Metabolic engineer'.ng of plant secondary metabolism I editors R. Verpoorte and A.W. Alfermann.
p.cm.
ISBN 978-90-481-5475-3 ISBN 978-94-015-9423-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-9423-3
I. Plants--Metabolism. 2. Metabolism, Secondary. I. Verpoorte, R. II. Alfermann, A.
W.
QK881 .M45 2000
572'.42--dc21
00-030654
ISBN 978-90-481-5475-3
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2000 Springer Science+ Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2000
Softcover reprint of the hardcover lst edition 2000
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form· or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents v
Details of Contributors vii
Preface xi
Chapter 1
Plant secondary metabolism 1
R. Verpoorte
Chapter 2
General strategies 31
R. Verpoorte, R. van der Heijden and J. Memelink
Chapter 3
Agrobacterium, a natural metabolic engineer of plants 51
PJ.J. Hooykaas
Chapter 4
Particle gun methodology as a tool in metabolic engineering 69
M.J. Leech, D. Burtin, D. Ballard, F. Hilliou,
B. Kemp, N. Palacios, P. Rvchu, D. O'Callaghan,
R. Verpoorte and P Christou
Chapter 5
Modulation of plant function and plant pathogens
by antibody expression 87
R. Fischer; J. Drossard, S. Schillberg, 0. Artsaenko,
N. Emans and J.M. Naehring
Chapter 6
Transcriptional regulators to modify secondary metabolism 111
J. Memelink, F.L. W Menke, L. van der Fits and J. W Kijne
vi
Chapter 7
Plant colour and fragrance 127
K.M. Davies
Chapter 8
Metabolic engineering of condensed tannins
and other phenolic pathways in forage and fodder crops 165
M.P Robbins and P Morris
Chapter 9
Metabolic engineering of crops with
the tryptophan decarboxylase of Catharanthus rose us 179
V. DeLuca
Chapter 10
Metabolic engineering of enzymes diverting
amino acids into secondary metabolism 195
J. Berlin and L.F. Fecker
Chapter 11
Modification of plant secondary metabolism by genetic engineering 217
R. Hain and B. Grimmig
Chapter 12
Expression of the bacterial UBIC gene opens
a new biosynthetic pathway in plants 233
L. Heide
Chapter 13
Regulation of tropane alkaloid metabolism
in plants an plant cell cultures 253
K.M. Oksman-Caldentey and R. Arroo
Index 283
DETAILS OF CONTRIBUTORS
Prof. Dr. A. W. Alfermann
Heinrich-Heine-U niversitat Dusseldorf
Institut fur Entwicklungs- und Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen
Universitatsstr. 1, Geb. 26.13, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
Dr. Randolph Arroo
Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
Dr. Olga Artsaenko
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule
Institut fUr Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
Dr. Jochen Berlin
Gesellschaft fur Biotechnologische Forschung mbH
Mascheroder Weg 1, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
Dr. Daniel Burtin
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Paul Christou
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Kevin M. Davies
Crop & Food Research Research, Food Industry Science Centre, Private Bag 11 600,
Palmerston North -New Zealand
Dr. Vincenzo De Luca
Novartis Inc.
Seed Biotechnology Research Unit
3054 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, USA
Dr. Jtirgen Drossard
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule
Institut fiir Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
viii
Dr. Neil J. Emans
Rheinisch-WestHilische Technische Hochschule
Institut fiir Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
Dr. Lothar F. Fecker
Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, FU Berlin,
Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
Dr. Rainer Fischer
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule
Institut fiir Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
Dr. Bernhard Grimmig
Bayer AG
Geschaftbereich Pflanzenschutz
Landwirtschaftszentrum Manheim
51368 Leverkusen, Germany
Prof. Dr. Rudiger Hain
Bayer AG
Geschaftsbereich Pflanzenschutz
Landwirtschaftszentrum Manheim
51368 Leverkusen, Germany
Dr. Didier Hallard
Division of Pharmacognosy, Lei den/A msterdam Center for Drug Research
Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden,The Netherlands
Prof. Dr. Lutz Heide
Pharmazeutisches Institut
Universitat Tiibingen
Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tiibingen, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Frederique Hilliou
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
ix
Dr. Paul J.J. Hooykaas
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University,
Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands.
e-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Ben Kemp
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Jan W. Kijne
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University
Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
Dr. Mark J. Leech
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Johan Memelink
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University
Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
e-mail: memelink@ rulbim.leidenuniv.nl
Dr. Frank L.H. Menke
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University
Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
Dr. Phillip Morris
Cell Manipulation Group, Cell Biology Department,
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth,
Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
e-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Jorg M. Naehring
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule
Institut fiir Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
Dr. Dermot O'Callaghan
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
X
Dr. Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey
VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, Technical Research Centre of Finland
P.O. Box 1501, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
e-mail: Kirsi-Marja.Oksman @VTT.Fi
Dr. Natalia Palacios
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Mark P. Robbins
Cell Manipulation Group, Cell Biology Department,
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth,
Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
e-mail: Mark.Robbins@ bbsrc.ac.uk
Dr. Pedro Rocha
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Dr. Stephan Schillberg
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule
Institut fi.ir Biologie I, Antibody Engineering Group
Worringer Weg 1
52074 Aachen, Germany
Dr. Leslie van der Fits
Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University
Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
Dr. Rob van der Heijden
Division of Pharmacognosy, Lei den/A mstredam Center for Drug Research
Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden,The Netherlands
Dr. Robert Verpoorte
Division of Pharmacognosy, Leiden/Amstredam Center for Drug Research
Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden,The Netherlands
e-mail: [email protected]
PREFACE
In this book we aim at giving a general overview on metabolic engineering of plant
secondary metabolism, and show by a series of reviews the progress made in applying
molecular biology to alter the production of certain compounds. Several approaches
are presently of interest
I - improve the production of secondary metabolites used as specialty chemicals, such
as drugs, insecticides, dyes, flavours and fragrances. This includes improving the
production in plants or plant cells, introducing the production of a compound of
interest in another plant species, e.g. more suitable for cultivation, or even the
production of complete new compounds.
II - altering the quality of a plant, e.g. used as food or an ornamental plant. This
includes altering flower colours, changing taste, smell or colour of food, reducing
level of toxic or unwanted compounds in food or fodder plants.
III -increase resistance against pest and diseases.
These different aspects will be the basis of the book. In the two introductory
chapters we will first discuss the general background of secondary metabolism and the
possibilities to alter secondary metabolite pathways. The next two chapters deal with the
state-of-the-art of the transformation technologies: the Agrobacterium system and the
particle gun. The next chapter will deal with the possibilities of producing antibodies
in plants, this is potentially also applicable for altering secondary metabolite pathways.
As secondary metabolite pathways might be under the control of one or just a few
genes, Chapter 6 deals with work on transcriptional regulators as possible targets for
genetic engireering. The subsequent chapters deal with agricultural applications of
metabolic engineering, aiming at improving the quality of plants. The last chapters
concern the possibility of altering the production of pharmaceutically interesting
compounds in plants or plant cell cultures.
Certainly there would have been further examples of the application of metabolic
engineering. However, being complete in such a fast moving field would be impossible,
rather we preferred to give an overview for some important fields. In principle the
strategies can be used for any type of secondary metabolite, taking into account that
a number of constraints exist. Anyway we hope that this book will help the reader to
have an overview on the posibilities to overproduce compounds, to block the production
of unwanted compounds, or produce new compounds in plants or plant cells.
Rob Verpoorte and Willi Alfermann
