Table Of ContentMental Health, Cultural Values,
and Social Deoelopment
PRIORITY ISSUES IN MENTAL HEALTH
A book series published under the auspices of
The World Federation for Mental Health
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
MORTON BEISER, M.D. (Canada)
G. MORRIS CARSTAIRS, M.D. (England)
C. J. B. J. TRIMBOS, M.D. (The Netherlands)
SUSAN BUTT, Ph.D. (Canada)
RICHARD C. NANN, D.S.W. (Canada)
JEAN-LOUIS ARMAND-LAROCHE, M.D. (France)
EUGENE B. BRODY, M.D. (U.S.A.)
VOLUME 4
Mental Health,
Cultural Values, and
Social Development
A Look into the SO's
Edited by
RICHARD C. NANN, D.S.W.
The University of British Columbia
DORCAS SUSAN BUTT, Ph.D.
The University of British Columbia
and
LOURDES LADRIDO-IGNACIO, M.D.
University of the Philippines
Contributing Staff, WFIIM
ROBERTA L. BEISER, M.Ed., Executive Director
MICHELLE BOURREE, Administrative secretary
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Mental health, cultural values, and social development.
(priority issues in mental health ; v. 4)
Proceedings of the 1981 World Congress on Mental Health held in
Manila, the Philippines, sponsored by the World Federation for Mental Health.
Includes index.
1. Mental health-Developing countries-Congresses. I. Nann,
Richard C. 11. Butt, Dorcas Susan. III. Ladrido-Ignacio, Lourdes.
IV. World Congress on Mental Health (1981 : Manila, Philippines) V.
World Federation for Mental Health. VI. Series. [DNLM: Mental
health-Congresses. 2. Culture-Congresses. 3. Socioeconomic
factors-Congresses. Wl PR524R v. 4/ WM 31 M549 1981)
RA790.7.D44M46 1983 362.2 83-13779
ISBN 978-90-481-8386-9 ISBN 978-94-015-7670-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-7670-3
All Rights Reserved
© 1984 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland in 1984
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1984
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice rnay be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner
FOREWORD
It is not easy for a layman to attract attention to a book like this. Most who
open the cover will be professionals in one of the many aspects of mental
health. A moment's thought tells us, however, that if there is a distinction
between laymen and professionals it makes no difference to a book like this.
Both laymen and professionals care about what will be. That is why this book,
the Congress it reports and the World Federation for Mental Health itself can
be meaningful to both laymen and professional people. A look into the 80's
from the point of view of mental health, cultural values and social development
is for all who care about the future.
The 1981 Manila Congress of the World Federation for Mental Health was a
unique and special gathering. It was the first time the Federation assembled for
a Congress in a developing country. In the Philippines we enjoyed the over
whelming hospitality and charm of the people and a place where past and future
seem as important as the present. All who attended from outside those magic
islands will always remember the occasion as a special life experience. For those
of you who did attend, this book can revive the stimulation and satisfaction of
the Congress. For those of you who did not share the Manila experience, this
book can inform and interest you about matters which are important.
To Chief Justice Roberto Concepcion, Judge Eduardo Tutaan, Mrs. Edita
Martillano, Professor Charlotte Floro, Judge Oscar Inocentes, Judge Regina
Ordonez-Benitez, Mrs. Flor Castelo, Professor Virginia Agbayani, Mrs. Juliet
Luat, Dr. Romualdo Anselmo, Dr. Concordia Pascual, Justice Corazon Agrava,
Attorney Rosalinda Sebastian-Lohla, Dr. Erlinda Lolarga, Director Gregorio
Cendana, Commissioner Godofredo Asuncion, Dr. Artemio Cabrera, Attorney
Salutario Fernandez, Mr. Leonides Valdez and all the others in charge of local
arrangements, the World Federation for Mental Health will always be indebted.
I know it is the sincere hope of all of us who came to you from abroad that
somewhere, somehow we will be able to repay at least in part the kindness you
showed to us.
To our own Organizing Committee members and particularly my predecessor
in office Dr. Tsung-yi Lin, the Executive Director during my term Mrs. Roberta
Beiser, Dr. Lourdes Ladrido-Ignacio and Dr. Morton Beiser, the Chairpersons of
our Program Committee and to Drs. Nann, Butt and Ignacio as Co-Editors of
these Proceedings, I owe a special debt of gratitude. I want to express the appre
ciation of all who benefitted from the Congress they planned, produced and
epilogued.
I cannot conclude without thanking the President of the Philippines and Mrs.
Marcos for their sponsorship of our Congress. The First Lady entertained us with
Richard C. Nann, Dorcas Susan Butt, and Lourdes Ladrido-lgnacio (eds.), Mental Health,
Cultural Values and Social Development, v-vi.
© 1984 by D. Reidel Publishing Company.
vi FOREWORD
warmth. The President in his keynote address reminded us that mental health is
often a product of social, cultural and economic conditions. To both of them I
express my personal appreciation.
When you read this book and consider the ideas in it, whether for the first
time or as a reminder of your thoughts in Manila, remember there is much
evidence today to confirm the feeling many of us had in Manila that we are
living in a time when the world is changing faster and the future is less clear than
at any time since our Federation was founded in 1949.
When the future is unclear it is a time of unusual opportunity. It is more
relevant at such a time to build than tear down. It is more important to create
than to regret or resent. I hope you will feel when you read these proceedings
that the future was indeed the focus of the Manila meeting. I hope you will be
inspired to join with others in the World Federation for Mental Health to make
the future a priority for mental health as they look into the eighties.
Vancouver, B.C. GOWAN T. GUEST
President, 1979-1981
World Federation for Mental Health
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD v
PREFACE ~
WELCOME REMARKS: President and First Lady of the Philippines xv
GREETINGS FROM WHO: Hiroshi Nakajima, WHO Regional Director,
Western Pacific Region xxi
SECTION ONE
PLENARY PAPERS
INTRODUCTION 3
HERMAN D. STEIN I The World in Crisis: Mental Implications 7
Discussant: MILTON H. MILLER 17
CHESTER M. PIERCE I Mental Health and Social Development 21
HEND ABDEL-AL I Mental Health and Social Development, the
Responsibility of Health Professionals 29
Discussant: MORTON BEISER 36
CARLOS A. LEON I Mental Health and Culture: Some Vignettes 41
Discussant: JOHN A. SPIEGEL 52
A YO BINITIE I Mental Health and the Third World: Mental Health in
African Societies 61
LOREN J. AMOR I Mental Health and the Third World: A Challenge
to Youth 79
Discussant: BASIL JAMES 84
MICHAEL H. COOPER I Mental Health Priorities: A Socio-Economic
Viewpoint 87
SHOICHI WATANABE I Mental Health Priorities: A Socio-Economic
Viewpoint 95
Discussant: K. PATRICK OKURA 99
TSUNG-YI LIN I Mental Health and the Third World-Challenges and
Hope: The Margaret Mead Memorial Lecture 103
E. MANSELL PATTISON I Towards a Psychosocial Cultural Analysis
of Religion and Mental Health: The Mary Hemingway Rees Memorial
Lecture 119
viii TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION TWO
WORKSHOPS REPORTS
INTRODUCTION 155
ALAN STOLLER I Migration 157
PURl NAY ARETTE and FLOR MALICA Y I Mass Media 160
WESLEY SHERA and FRANK A. JOHNSON I Leisure and Changing
Values 162
CAROLINA VERA LLAMANZARES I Sex Roles and Mental Health 164
MEl-CHEN LIN and MINDA C. SUTARIA I School Mental Health 166
MORTON BEISER I The Healing Arts, Religion and Mental Health 169
PHILLIP LORENZANA III I Alcohol and Drugs: A Continuing Concern 171
OLGA RUIZ DE ARANA and ELEONOR ELEQUIN I Rehibilitation
of the Disabled 178
SOLEDAD DUTERTE I Linkages Vital Between Politics and Mental
~alili 1W
MANUEL BONIFACIO and ESTER GAJO I Mental Health aild Rural
Communities 183
ESTER DE JESUS-AMOR I Criminal Justice System: Its Functions in
Contemporary Society 185
BEN CHUD I The Family in the Face of Crisis 189
DANILO E. PONCE, EMILY MIAO, and EVA GONZALES I Children
in Stress 192
CELIA Y ANGCO I Some Critical Points in the Human Life Cycle:
Adolescence 195
LOURDES A. CARANDANG and GRACE A. CABANOS I Some Criti-
cal Points in the Human Life Cycle: Young Adulthood 198
MARIA PAZ DE GUZMAN I Some Critical Points in the Human Life
Cycle: Mid-Life 200
Mrs. BERT KRUGER-SMITH I Self-Help for the Aged (Old Age and
Mental Health) 203
LOURDES LADRIDO-IGNACIO, MARILOU LEGASPI, and ZENAIDA
NISCE 1 Mental Health in Primary Health Care 206
HERIBERTA CAGNIOA I Organization and Role of Mental Health
Organizations 209
JOSEFINA G. FERNANDEZ I Training of Mental Health Professionals
and Volunteers 212
ALLAN BEIGEL and LORETO F. ROJA I Relations Between Lay and
Professionals 215
CARMEN ALCUAZ-REYES I Mental Health Screening of Industrial
Workers 217
ALICE AGPOON 1 Creation and Use of Community Resources: Good
Practice in Mental Healili 222
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
ODITA D. YATCO and JAN PRAESETYO I Mental Health Screening
of Children 224
CARMEN SENA and ERLINDA CORDERO I Strategies in Mental
Health Crises 227
FRANCES RICKS and PILAR MAURICIO-FABIAN I Program
Evaluation in Mental Health 230
BASIL JAMES 1 Funds for Mental Health Programs: Where and How 234
PATRICK OKURA and KNUD JENSEN I Consumer's Role inPlanning
Mental Health Services 236
ALAN STOLLER 1M ental Health Research and the Delivery of Services 238
CORAZON JULIANO-AGRAV A and LOREN AMOR I Youth Work-
shop: For the Youth by the Youth 246
The Age of Tranquilizers 248
SECTION THREE
THE DISABLED AND MENTAL HEALTH
(PRE-CONGRESS SEMINAR)
INTRODUCTION 255
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 256
S. D. GOKHALE I The Disabled and the Third World 259
NICK HIGGINBOTHAM I Cultural Sensitivity of Helping Services for
Psychologically Disabled in Developing Nations 273
Panel on "Coping with My Disability":
Father ROBERT J. RONALD I "If You Pinch Me, I'll Hurt"- Dis-
ability Adjustment: Mine and Thine 287
T. H. TSE 1 Attitudes and Integration 295
LOUIS REYES 1 My Experiences with Service Providers and Employers 299
MIGUEL P. BALBIN I Coping with My Disability 301
Panel on "Attitudes Towards Disabled Persons":
JOHN A. NESBITT 1 Recreation, Attitudes· and Handipeople 303
RICHARD HUNTER I Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons from the
Point of View of a Service Provider 307
KENNETH BAYES I The Effect of the Environment on Attitudes
Towards Handicapped People 309
NENITA Y. DAV ADILLA I How I as a Parent Have Coped with a
Disabled Child in the Family 313
X TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHESTER M. PIERCE I Response to the Seminar on the Disabled 321
JULIT A C. BENEDICTO I Summary Remarks 327
Min JESUS C. AZURIN I 1981 World Congress Closing Remarks 329
EUGENE B. BRODY /WFMH: An Agenda for the 1980's 331
INDEX OF NAMES 337
INDEX OF SUBJECTS 342
