Table Of ContentStudies in European Culture and History
edited by
Eric D. Weitz and Jack Zipes
University of Minnesota
Since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communism, the very meaning of
Europe has been opened up and is in the process of being redefined. European states and
societies are wrestling with the expansion of NATO and the European Union and with
new streams of immigration, while a renewed and reinvigorated cultural engagement has
emerged between East and West. But the fast-paced transformations of the last fifteen years
also have deeper historical roots. The reconfiguring of contemporary Europe is entwined
with the cataclysmic events of the twentieth century, two world wars and the Holocaust,
and with the processes of modernity that, since the eighteenth century, have shaped Europe
and its engagement with the rest of the world.
Studies in European Culture and History is dedicated to publishing books that explore
major issues in Europe’s past and present from a wide variety of disciplinary perspectives.
The works in the series are interdisciplinary; they focus on culture and society and deal with
significant developments in Western and Eastern Europe from the eighteenth century to
the present within a social historical context. With its broad span of topics, geography, and
chronology, the series aims to publish the most interesting and innovative work on modern
Europe.
Published by Palgrave Macmillan
Fascism and Neofascism: Critical Writings on the Radical Right in Europe
Eric D. Weitz
Fictive Theories: Towards a Deconstructive and Utopian Political Imagination
Susan McManus
German-Jewish Literature in the Wake of the Holocaust: Grete Weil, Ruth Klüger, and the
Politics of Address
Pascale R. Bos
The Turkish Turn in Contemporary German Literature: Toward a New Critical Grammar of
Migration
Leslie Adelson
Terror and the Sublime in Art and Critical Theory: From Auschwitz to Hiroshima to
September 11
Gene Ray
Transformations of the New Germany
Edited by Ruth Starkman
Caught by Politics: Hitler Exiles and American Visual Culture
Edited by Sabine Eckmann and Lutz Koepnick
Legacies of Modernism: Art and Politics in Northern Europe, 1890–1950
Edited by Patrizia C. McBride, Richard W. McCormick, and Monika Zagar
Police Forces: A Cultural History of an Institution
Edited by Klaus Mladek
Richard Wagner for the New Millennium: Essays in Music and Culture
Edited by Matthew Bribitzer-Stull, Alex Lubet, and Gottfried Wagner
Representing Masculinity: Male Citizenship in Modern Western Culture
Edited by Stefan Dudink, Anna Clark, and Karen Hagemann
Remembering the Occupation in French Film: National Identity in Postwar Europe
Leah D. Hewitt
“Gypsies” in European Literature and Culture
Edited by Valentina Glajar and Domnica Radulescu
Choreographing the Global in European Cinema and Theater
Katrin Sieg
Converting a Nation: A Modern Inquisition and the Unification of Italy
Ariella Lang
German Postwar Films: Life and Love in the Ruins
Edited by Wilfried Wilms and William Rasch
Germans, Poland, and Colonial Expansion to the East
Edited by Robert L. Nelson
Cinema after Fascism: The Shattered Screen
Siobhan S. Craig
Weimar Culture Revisited
Edited by John Alexander Williams
Local History, Transnational Memory in the Romanian Holocaust
Edited by Valentina Glajar and Jeanine Teodorescu
The German Wall: Fallout in Europe
Edited by Marc Silberman
Freedom and Confinement in Modernity: Kafka’s Cages
Edited by A. Kiarina Kordela and Dimitris Vardoulakis
German Unification
Edited by Peter C. Caldwell and Robert R. Shandley
Anti-Americanism in European Literature
Jesper Gulddal
Weimar Film and Modern Jewish Identity
Ofer Ashkenazi
Baader-Meinhof and the Novel: Narratives of the Nation / Fantasies of the Revolution,
1970–2010
Julian Preece
France, Film and the Holocaust: From Génocide to Shoah
Ferzina Banaji
Tribal Fantasies: Native Americans in the European Imaginary, 1900–2010
Edited by James Mackay and David Stirrup
The Balkan Prospect
Vangelis Calotychos
Violence and Gender in the “New” Europe: Islam in German Culture
Beverly M. Weber
One Family’s Shoah: Victimization, Resistance, Survival in Nazi Europe
Herbert Lindenberger
Memory and Postwar Memorials: Confronting the Violence of the Past
Edited by Marc Silberman and Florence Vatan
Punk Rock and German Crisis: Adaptation and Resistance after 1977
Cyrus Shahan
Silberman Previous Publications
Monographs
German Cinema: Texts in Context, 1995.
Heiner Müller, Forschungsberichte zur DDR-Literatur 2, 1980.
Literature of the Working World: A Study of the Industrial Novel in East Germany,
1976.
Editions
Walls, Borders, Boundaries: Spatial and Cultural Practices in Europe, coedited with
Karen E. Till and Janet Ward, 2012.
The German Wall: Fallout in Europe, 2011.
Screening War: Perspectives on German Suffering, coedited with Paul Cooke, 2010.
Mahagonny.com. The Brecht Yearbook 29, coedited with Florian Vaßen, 2004.
Rethinking Peter Weiss, coedited with Jost Hermand, 2000.
Brecht on Film and Radio. A Critical Edition, 2000.
Brecht 100 <=> 2000. Brecht Yearbook 24, coedited with John Rouse and Florian
Vassen, 1999.
Bertolt Brecht, Collected Short Stories, edited and translated by John Willett and
Ralph Manheim, with introduction and notes by Marc Silberman and Shuhsi
Kao, 1998.
Contentious Memories: Looking Back at the GDR, coedited with Jost Hermand,
1998.
drive b: Brecht 10, 1997.
What Remains? East German Culture and the Postwar Public. AICGS Research
Report No. 5, 1997; 2nd ed., 2000.
Brecht Then and Now / Brecht damals und heute. The Brecht Yearbook 20, 1995.
Focus: Margarete Steffin. The Brecht Yearbook 19, 1994.
The Other Brecht II. The Brecht Yearbook 18, 1993.
The Other Brecht I. The Brecht Yearbook 17, 1992.
Revolution 1989: Whither Brecht? The Brecht Yearbook 16, 1991.
Essays on Brecht. The Brecht Yearbook 15, 1990.
Interpretationen zum Roman in der DDR, 1980.
Vatan Previous Publications
Robert Musil. Le “virtuose de la distance”, 2013.
Robert Musil et la question anthropologique, 2000.
Memory and Postwar Memorials
Confronting the Violence of the Past
Edited By
Marc Silberman and Florence Vatan
MEMORY AND POSTWAR MEMORIALS
Copyright © Marc Silberman and Florence Vatan, 2013.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-34351-2
All rights reserved.
First published in 2013 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®
in the United States— a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world,
this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-46574-3 ISBN 978-1-137-34352-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781137343529
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the
Library of Congress.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: December 2013
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Illustrations ix
Preface xi
Acronyms xiii
List of Contributors xv
Introduction After the Violence: Memory 1
Florence Vatan and Marc Silberman
Part I Competing Memories
One The Nuremberg Trials as Cold War Competition: 15
The Politics of the Historical Record and
the International Stage
Francine Hirsch
Two The Cube on Red Square: A Memorial for 31
the Victims of Twentieth-century Russia
Karl Schlögel
Three Reactive Memory: The Holocaust and 51
the Flight and Expulsion of Germans
Bill Niven
Four Beyond Auschwitz? Europe’s Terrorscapes in 71
the Age of Postmemory
Rob van der Laarse
Part II Staging Memory
Five Narrative Shock and Polish Memory Remaking in 95
the Twenty-first Century
Geneviève Zubrzycki
viii / contents
Six Grievability and the Politics of Visibility: 117
The Photography of Francesc Torres and
the Mass Graves of the Spanish Civil War
Ofelia Ferrán
Seven Doing Memory in Public: Postapartheid Memorial 137
Space as an Activist Project
Robyn Autry
Eight Mnemonic Objects: Forensic and Rhetorical 155
Practices in Memorial Culture
Laurie Beth Clark
Part III Re-membering Memory
Nine Toward a Critical Reparative Practice in Post-1989 177
German Literature: Christa Wolf’s City of Angels or
The Overcoat of Dr. Freud (2010)
Anke Pinkert
Ten Paradoxes of Remembrance: Dissecting France’s 197
“Duty to Memory”
Richard J. Golsan
Eleven After-words: Lessons in Memory and Politics 213
Marc Silberman
Works Cited 227
Index 245
Illustrations
2.1 Lenin Mausoleum in Red Square, Moscow 45
4.1 Bogdan Bogdanović’s Stone Flower monument 83
5.1 Memorial to the victims of the 1941 Jedwabne pogrom 100
5.2 “Counter memorial” to Poles deported to Siberia and 101
Kazakhstan
5.3 “I Miss You, Jew” happening in the Poznań 106
New Synagogue
5.4 Performer and memory activist Rafał Betlejewski 108
6.1 The new mausoleum in the cemetery of Villamayor 119
de los Montes
6.2 Wedding ring found in the mass grave of Villamayor 126
de los Montes
6.3 Image of the installation in the International Center of 129
Photography, New York City
6.4 Procession carrying the remains of the exhumed bodies, 131
after identification, from Villamayor de los Montes to
the new mausoleum
7.1 Front of Voortrekker Monument, showing the 130 steps 139
leading up into the entrance
7.2 Interior exhibition space of the Moshate, which houses
the Gallery of Leaders banners and serves as a meeting 142
place for presidential and diplomatic affairs
7.3 View of District Six Museum, featuring recovered street 149
signs and a floor map of the old neighborhood
7.4 Recreation of Nomvuyo Ngcelwane’s former home on 150
Cross Street in the District Six neighborhood,
including objects donated by her family
8.1 At Toul Sleng (Cambodia) classrooms contain torture 164
equipment and photographs taken in those same rooms
of dead or unconscious prisoners
