Table Of ContentA Hi'>toriral Novel 
Donald Richie
"Donald Richie has given a new turn to the incident that made the 
warrior Kumagai Naozane immortal. His superior narrative powers 
will carry the reader easily along to find out what it is and to learn of 
its subtle implications." 
-Edward G. Seidensticker 
"A tour de force combining a commanding mastery of historical fact 
and detail, a comprehensive understanding of the human spirit, and 
a poetic quality of expression that transforms the hearts of all those 
it touches." 
- The Japan Foundation Newsletter 
'There is Richie's graceful writing ... scenes that reveal so much in 
so few words ... subtle character sketches of familiar historical fig 
ures." 
- The Asahi Evening News 
"Blood-soaked as these pages may be, Richie also infuses them with 
a good dose of black humor ... a rich and multi-layered view ... an 
admirable job  of evoking  the  fading  brilliance  and  aristocratic 
excesses of old Kyoto." 
- The Japan Times 
"Richie recreates the feel and flavor of the Heian period, as well as 
the sense and sensibilities of the people ... of value to students of 
both the classical and modern martial arts." 
- Koryu Book Reviews 
"Fabulous tale of medieval japan, moving and insightful ... well 
written, fascinating to read, impeccably researched." 
- George Sawyer
Memoirs of the Warrior 
KUMAGAI 
A Historical Novel 
by 
Donald Richie 
TUTTLE  PUBLISHING 
Tokyo • Rutland, Vermont • Singapore
Published by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd, 
with editorial offices at 364 Innovation Drive, North Clarendon, Vermont 05759 
Copyright © 1998 by Donald Richie 
All rights reserved. 
First Edition, 1999 
LCC Card No. 98088195 
ISBN 978-0-8048-3722-4 
ISBN 0-8048-3722-8 
ISBN 4-8053-0847-8 (for sale in Japan only) 
Printed in Singapore 
Distributed by: 
Japan 
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TUTTLE PUBLISH lNG® is a registered trademark of Tuttle Publishing.
for 
Richard Hayes
To become a man, 
a true and worthwhile man, 
that was all I wanted 
-from the kowaka-mai 
Atsumori
Excerpt from the deposition of the Priest Rensei 
On the thirteenth day of the first month in the first year of the 
Genkyii era [1204] I, the lay priest Rensei, declare the following: 
It was in the fourth year of the Kenkyu era [ 1193] , now eleven years 
past, that I began to pray for my rebirth in the highest paradise of the 
Pure Land. 
I well know that to be reborn among the lower would bring an after 
life of bliss. But I also know that he who is reborn into the highest para 
dise may then lead the dying into the Pure Land. 
It is for the sake of these others that I,  Rensei, wish to be reborn into 
the highest paradise. Otherwise, I would refuse to be reborn into any of 
the other eight. 
MS. 
Seiryoji, Kyoto
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Untitled MS. 
On the fifteenth day of the fifth month in the first year of the 
Genkyii era [1204], I, the monk Rensei, formerly the Minamoto 
officer Kumagai no Jiro Naozane, take up my  brush. 
I am sixty-five years of age and, having written my deposi 
tion and thus prepared for my death, I now wish to turn to my 
life. It has been full and I now wish to transcribe what I have 
experienced. 
In this I am different from other men only in that I have the 
leisure and disposition to do so. A priest with few tasks, I am free 
to sit here and contemplate the past in my chamber at Seiryoji. 
It is old, this temple-built long before I was born. Just out 
side my porch lies a small garden of which I have grown fond. It 
does not consist of much-a few rocks, a tree, some moss-but 
it is pleasing. The winter sun reaches it in the afternoon. 
Here I sit and remember and write. I have a library here and 
an  archive,  including some of the  military lists  of my  time. 
Nonetheless, my account will be as badly written as my deposi 
tion probably is, and in my usual execrable hand. Like so many 
of my station and generation I  never properly learned calli 
graphy. 
I cast an eye upon this deposition, a copy lying here before 
me. An official statement, it seems certain, dignified-particu 
larly the part about leading in the dying. 
That part about my refusing any paradise except for the high 
est is, however, quite true. Having aspired to a position in this 
life, I see no reason for relinquishing it in the next.