Membrane Reactors for Energy Applications and Basic Chemical Production

669 Pages·2015·24.846 MB·English

by  Angelo Basile, Luisa Di Paola, Faisal Hai, Vincenzo Piemonte

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy:
Number 76
Membrane Reactors for
Energy Applications and
Basic Chemical Production
Edited by
Angelo Basile, Luisa Di Paola, Faisal I. Hai
and Vincenzo Piemonte
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List of contributors
A. Aghaeinejad-Meybodi SahandUniversity ofTechnology, Tabriz, Iran
P.Argurio University ofCalabria, Rende, Italy
A. Arratibel EindhovenUniversity ofTechnology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
A.A. Babaluo SahandUniversity ofTechnology,Tabriz, Iran
A. Basile University of Calabria, Rende,Italy
V. Calabr(cid:1)o University of Calabria, Rende,Italy
S. Chakraborty University of Calabria,Rende, Italy
P.Chiesa Politecnicodi Milano, Milan, Italy
A.Comazzi Universit(cid:1)a degliStudidiMilano,Milan,Italy
S. Curcio University ofCalabria, Rende, Italy
F.Dalena University ofCalabria, Rende, Italy
R. Datta Worcester PolytechnicInstitute,Worcester, MA, USA
L. Di Paola Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Rome, Italy
X. Dong Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
K.P. Fattah American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
F.Galli Universit(cid:1)a degli Studi diMilano, Milan, Italy
F.Gallucci Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
G. Genduso KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
K.Ghasemzadeh UrmiaUniversityofTechnology,Urmia,Iran;SahandUniversity
of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
F.I. Hai University ofWollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
J.T.S. Irvine University of St. Andrews,St. Andrews, UK
N. Itoh Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya,Japan
A. Iulianelli University of Calabria,Rende,Italy
S. Klinsrisuk Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
C. Lavorato University ofCalabria, Rende, Italy
xiv Listofcontributors
S. Liguori University of Calabria,Rende, Italy
Y.S. Lin Arizona State University, Tempe,AZ, USA
P. Luis Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
F. Manenti Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
G. Manzolini Politecnico diMilano, Milan, Italy
D.J. Martino Worcester Polytechnic Institute,Worcester, MA,USA
E.R. Minardi University ofCalabria, Rende, Italy
M. Miyamoto GifuUniversity, Gifu, Japan
R. Molinari University of Calabria, Rende,Italy
M.T.Moreira UniversityofSantiagodeCompostela,SantiagodeCompostela,Spain
Y. Nakashimada HiroshimaUniversity, Higashi-Hiroshima,Japan
D.A.Pacheco Tanaka Tecnalia, San Sebastian,Spain
V. Piemonte Campus Bio-Medico diRoma University, Rome, Italy
C. Pirola Universit(cid:1)adegli Studi diMilano,Milan, Italy
M.R. Rahimpour Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
M.C. Romano Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
V. Russo Campus Bio-Medico di RomaUniversity, Rome, Italy
D.P. Saroj University of Surrey, Guilford, UK
H. Takamura Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
S. Tao University ofStrathclyde,Glasgow, UK
J. Tong ColoradoSchoolof Mines, Golden, CO, USA
S. Uemiya GifuUniversity, Gifu,Japan
B. Vander Bruggen KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
M. van Sint Annaland Eindhoven University ofTechnology, Eindhoven,
The Netherlands
H. Wang Arizona State University, Tempe,AZ, USA
J. Yang EastChinaUniversity of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
C. Yang East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai,P.R. China
P.-S. Yen Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
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Preface
Integrationofreactionandseparationinasingleunitisanelegantapproachtoincrease
efficiency and economic advantages of many chemical processes. In particular, the
integration of membrane separation units to (bio)chemical reactors can yield the
following multidimensional benefits:
1. Theabilityofsuchareactortocircumventthermodynamiclimitationsofanequilibrium-
controlledprocessbyseparatingreactionproducts,astheyareproduced,allowsoperation
atlowertemperaturesthantheconventionalreactorstoobtainthesamereactantconversion
ortoconvertmorereactantatthesametemperature.
2. Operatinglowerreactiontemperaturesallowsreconsiderationofheatintegrationstrategyto
supplyheatdutytoreactors.
3. Loweroperatingtemperaturesreducematerialscostalongwithincreasingoperationsafety.
4. The expected significant process simplification and intensification offered by the mem-
branereactorsduetocombinationofreactionandseparationinonestepwouldpavethe
waytoanewindustrialparadigm.
Thepotentialofmembranereactorsissubstantial:theycouldplayakeyrolenotonly
in case of reversible reactions which conventionally cannot reach high conversions,
but also in case of endothermic reactions since the equilibrium shift would allow a
higher reactant conversion at lower temperature. In this book, an extensive list of
the main reactions (or, better, reaction systems) carried out in membrane reactors is
presented.Generally,acomparisonwiththeso-calledtraditional reactorsisalso pre-
sentedinordertobetterunderstandthebenefitsofmembranereactorsintermsofcon-
version,yield, by-product recovery andso on.
The book is composed of three parts: (One) membrane reactors for syngas and
hydrogenproduction(Chapters1–9);(Two)membranereactorsforotherenergyappli-
cations(Chapters10–15);and(Three)membranereactorsforbasicchemicalproduc-
tion (Chapters 15–21).
In detail, Chapter 1 (Iulianelli, Pirola, Comazzi, Galli, Manenti and Basile) delin-
eates the importance of the water gas shift reaction, which is an equilibrium-limited
reaction,moderatelyexothermic,thus,favoredatlowertemperature.Itcanbeconsid-
eredthemostimportantreactioninvolvedinalltheothersystemreactions.Thechapter
describes the recent advancements on this reaction in membrane reactors, paying
particular attention to the hydrogen selective membrane utilization for high tempera-
ture applications. In Chapter 2 (Basile, Liguori, Iulianelli) the relevant progress
achievedincarryingoutthemethanesteamreformingreactionviamembranereactor
technologyandtheeffectsofthemostimportantparametersaffectingthisreactionare