Table Of ContentMycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of moulds belonging essentially
to the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium genera. They can be produced on
a wide range of agricultural commodities and under a diverse range of
situations. Due to their various toxic effects and their good thermal stability,
the presence of mycotoxins in foods and feeds is potentially hazardous to the
health of both humans and animals. Mycotoxins may cause damage to e.g. liver,
Meeting the
kidney or the nervous system, some are even carcinogenic. There is growing
concern for ways in which these fungi and their mycotoxins can be prevented
from entering the human and animal food chain. And worldwide changes in
legislation ever increase the need for more precise and sensitive mycotoxin
analytical methods
mycotoxin
“Meeting the mycotoxin menace” contains the peer-reviewed papers of the
second World Mycotoxin Forum held 17-18 February 2003 in Noordwijk, the
Netherlands. The book focusses on the various aspects related to the presence,
prevention, control, sampling and analysis of mycotoxins in agricultural
menace
commodities, foods and feeds. In this publication special attention is given
to new developments in this field. The editors firmly believe that the very
nature of the themes chosen and the excellence of the papers by invited
experts from various disciplines will draw an audience from both the food and
feed industry, regulatory authorities and science.
ISBN 9076998280 edited by
D. Barug
H. van Egmond
R. López-García
Wageningen Academic
T. van Osenbruggen
P u b l i s h e r s
A. Visconti
Meeting the mycotoxin menace
Meeting the mycotoxin menace
Meeting the
mycotoxin menace
Edited by:
D. Barug
H.P. van Egmond
R. López-García
W.A. van Osenbruggen
A. Visconti
Wageningen Academic
P u b l i s h e r s
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Nothing from this publication may be
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ISBN: 978-90-76998-28-2 photographic, without prior written
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DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-523-9 Wageningen Academic Publishers,
P.O. Box 220, 6700 AE Wageningen,
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food safety
toxic metabolites The individual contributions in this
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the authors.
First published, 2004
The publisher is not responsible for
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© Wageningen Academic Publishers result of content derived from this
The Netherlands, 2004 publication.
Foreword
Meeting the mycotoxin menace
“Meeting the mycotoxin menace” contains the peer-reviewed papers of the
second World Mycotoxin Forum held 17-18 February 2003 in Noordwijk, the
Netherlands. The book focuses on the various aspects related to the presence,
prevention, control, sampling and analysis of mycotoxins in agricultural
commodities, foods and feeds. The editors thank the authors who gave their
time and expertise to contribute to this book.
About the World Mycotoxin Forum
The World Mycotoxin Forum’s main objectives are:
• to provide a unique platform for the food and feed industry, regulatory
authorities and science;
• to exchange information and experiences on the various aspects of
mycotoxins;
• to review current knowledge related to mycotoxins in food and feed; and
• to discuss strategies for prevention and control of mycotoxin contamination
ensuring the safety of food and feed supply.
The World Mycotoxin Forum is working towards these main objectives in a
series of international networking conference for the food and feed industry.
The next conference in this series - the third World Mycotoxin Forum - will
take place in the Netherlands on 10-11 November 2005.
The editors
D. Barug
H.P. van Egmond
R. López-García
W.A. van Osenbruggen
A. Visconti
Contents
Foreword 7
Mycotoxins: Current issues in U.S.A 17
Deepak Bhatnagar, Gary A. Payne, Thomas E. Cleveland and Jane
F. Robens
Abstract 17
1. Introduction 18
2. Regulatory limits for mycotoxins in food and feed 20
3. Economic impact of mycotoxins 21
4. Detection/screening methods for mycotoxins 22
5. Post-harvest decontamination of commodities 22
6. Development of biomarkers 23
7. Preharvest control of mycotoxins 23
8. Genetics of toxin biosynthesis 31
9. Genomics of toxigenic fungi 35
10. Other issues 39
Acknowledgement 40
References 40
Mycotoxins: Current issues in South America 49
Maya Pineiro
Abstract 49
1. Introduction 50
2. Problems and issues in the region 52
3. Technical and organizational approaches 55
4. Looking forwards: building capabilities for mycotoxin prevention
and control in South American through FAO’s technical assistance 58
5. Conclusions 66
References 67
Meeting the mycotoxin menace 9
