Table Of ContentMEDICINAL PLANTS
Bioprospecting and Pharmacognosy
Holy Basil or Tulsi Neem
Indian Pennywort Turmeric
Innovations in Horticultural Science
MEDICINAL PLANTS
Bioprospecting and Pharmacognosy
Edited by
Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD
K. V. Peter, PhD
First edition published 2023
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Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Title: Medicinal plants : bioprospecting and pharmacognosy / edited by Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD, K.V. Peter, PhD.
Other titles: Medicinal plants (2023)
Names: Sharangi, A. B. (Amit Baran), editor. | Peter, K. V., editor.
Series: Innovations in horticultural science.
Description: First edition. | Series statement: Innovations in horticultural science | Includes bibliographical references
and index.
Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20210394072 | Canadiana (ebook) 20210394137 | ISBN 9781774638453 (hardcover) |
ISBN 9781774638460 (softcover) | ISBN 9781003277408 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Medicinal plants. | LCSH: Pharmacognosy.
Classification: LCC RS164 .M45 2022 | DDC 615.3/21—dc23
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Sharangi, A. B. (Amit Baran), editor. | Peter, K. V., editor.
Title: Medicinal plants : bioprospecting and pharmacognosy / edited by Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter.
Other titles: Innovations in horticultural science.
Description: First edition. | Palm Bay, FL, USA : Apple Academic Press, 2023. | Series: Innovations in horticultural science
| Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: "With chapters written by scientists from respected institutes
and universities around the world, this book looks at the bioprospecting of medicinal plants for potential health uses and
at the pharmacognosy of a selection of medicinal and aromatic plants. The book touches on a diverse selection of topics
related to medicinal plants. Chapters look at the use of medicinal plants in healthcare and disease management, such as to
treat inflammation, anti-hyperglycemia, and obesity and as immunity boosters. The authors also address the conservation,
maintenance, and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants along with postharvest management issues. A chapter
discusses the use of synthetic seeds in relation to cryopreservation, and a chapter is devoted to the use of microcomputed
tomography and image processing tools in medicinal and aromatic plants. Other topics include consumption, supply chain,
marketing, trade, and future directions of research. Some specific plants discussed include fennel, basil, clove, ginger,
lavender, turmeric, ginsing, and asparagus in connection with their various therapeutic properties, including anti-rheumatic,
anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, carminative, diuretic, fever-reducing, and hypotensive. Medicinal Plants: Bioprospecting and
Pharmacognosy will prove informative for scientists and researchers in medicinal plants as well as for faculty and students,
pharmaceutical researchers, and others"-- Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021060274 (print) | LCCN 2021060275 (ebook) | ISBN 9781774638453 (hardback) |
ISBN 9781774638460 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003277408 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Medicinal plants. | Materia medica, Vegetable. | Pharmacognosy. | Botanical drug industry.
Classification: LCC RS431.M37 M44 2022 (print) | LCC RS431.M37 (ebook) | DDC 615.3/21--dc23/eng/20220111
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021060274
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021060275
ISBN: 978-1-77463-845-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-77463-846-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-00327-740-8 (ebk)
INNOVATIONS IN
HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
Editor-in-Chief:
Dr. Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui, Assistant Professor-cum-Scientist
Bihar Agricultural University | www.bausabour.ac.in
Department of Food Science and Post-Harvest Technology
Sabour | Bhagalpur | Bihar | P. O. Box 813210 | INDIA
Contacts: (91) 9835502897
Email: [email protected] | [email protected]
The horticulture sector is considered as the most dynamic and sustainable segment
of agriculture all over the world. It covers pre- and postharvest management of a
wide spectrum of crops, including fruits and nuts, vegetables (including potatoes),
flowering and aromatic plants, tuber crops, mushrooms, spices, plantation crops,
edible bamboos etc. Shifting food pattern in wake of increasing income and health
awareness of the populace has transformed horticulture into a vibrant commercial
venture for the farming community all over the world.
It is a well-established fact that horticulture is one of the best options for improving
the productivity of land, ensuring nutritional security for mankind and for sustaining
the livelihood of the farming community worldwide. The world’s populace is
projected to be 9 billion by the year 2030, and the largest increase will be confined
to the developing countries, where chronic food shortages and malnutrition already
persist. This projected increase of population will certainly reduce the per capita
availability of natural resources and may hinder the equilibrium and sustainability
of agricultural systems due to overexploitation of natural resources, which will
ultimately lead to more poverty, starvation, malnutrition, and higher food prices.
The judicious utilization of natural resources is thus needed and must be addressed
immediately.
Climate change is emerging as a major threat to the agriculture throughout the world as
well. Surface temperatures of the earth have risen significantly over the past century,
and the impact is most significant on agriculture. The rise in temperature enhances
the rate of respiration, reduces cropping periods, advances ripening, and hastens crop
maturity, which adversely affects crop productivity. Several climatic extremes such as
droughts, floods, tropical cyclones, heavy precipitation events, hot extremes, and heat
waves cause a negative impact on agriculture and are mainly caused and triggered by
climate change.
vi Innovations in Horticultural Science
In order to optimize the use of resources, hi-tech interventions like precision farming,
which comprises temporal and spatial management of resources in horticulture, is
essentially required. Infusion of technology for an efficient utilization of resources
is intended for deriving higher crop productivity per unit of inputs. This would be
possible only through deployment of modern hi-tech applications and precision
farming methods. For improvement in crop production and returns to farmers, these
technologies have to be widely spread and adopted. Considering the above-mentioned
challenges of horticulturist and their expected role in ensuring food and nutritional
security to mankind, a compilation of hi-tech cultivation techniques and postharvest
management of horticultural crops is needed.
This book series, Innovations in Horticultural Science, is designed to address the
need for advance knowledge for horticulture researchers and students. Moreover,
the major advancements and developments in this subject area to be covered in this
series would be beneficial to mankind.
Topics of interest include:
1. Importance of horticultural crops for livelihood
2. Dynamics in sustainable horticulture production
3. Precision horticulture for sustainability
4. Protected horticulture for sustainability
5. Classification of fruit, vegetables, flowers, and other horticultural crops
6. Nursery and orchard management
7. Propagation of horticultural crops
8. Rootstocks in fruit and vegetable production
9. Growth and development of horticultural crops
10. Horticultural plant physiology
11. Role of plant growth regulator in horticultural production
12. Nutrient and irrigation management
13. Fertigation in fruit and vegetables crops
14. High-density planting of fruit crops
15. Training and pruning of plants
16. Pollination management in horticultural crops
17. Organic crop production
18. Pest management dynamics for sustainable horticulture
19. Physiological disorders and their management
20. Biotic and abiotic stress management of fruit crops
21. Postharvest management of horticultural crops
22. Marketing strategies for horticultural crops
23. Climate change and sustainable horticulture
24. Molecular markers in horticultural science
25. Conventional and modern breeding approaches for quality improvement
26. Mushroom, bamboo, spices, medicinal, and plantation crop production
BOOKS IN THE SERIES
• Spices: Agrotechniques for Quality Produce
Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD, S. Datta, PhD, and Prahlad Deb, PhD
• Sustainable Horticulture, Volume 1: Diversity, Production, and
Crop Improvement
Editors: Debashis Mandal, PhD, Amritesh C. Shukla, PhD, and
Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui, PhD
• Sustainable Horticulture, Volume 2: Food, Health, and Nutrition
Editors: Debashis Mandal, PhD, Amritesh C. Shukla, PhD, and
Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui, PhD
• Underexploited Spice Crops: Present Status, Agrotechnology, and
Future Research Directions
Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD, Pemba H. Bhutia,
Akkabathula Chandini Raj, and Majjiga Sreenivas
• The Vegetable Pathosystem: Ecology, Disease Mechanism, and
Management
Editors: Mohammad Ansar, PhD, and Abhijeet Ghatak, PhD
• Advances in Pest Management in Commercial Flowers
Editors: Suprakash Pal, PhD, and Akshay Kumar Chakravarthy, PhD
• Diseases of Fruits and Vegetable Crops: Recent Management Approaches
Editors: Gireesh Chand, PhD, Md. Nadeem Akhtar, and Santosh Kumar
• Management of Insect Pests in Vegetable Crops: Concepts and
Approaches
Editors: Ramanuj Vishwakarma, PhD, and Ranjeet Kumar, PhD
• Temperate Fruits: Production, Processing, and Marketing
Editors: Debashis Mandal, PhD, Ursula Wermund, PhD,
Lop Phavaphutanon, PhD, and Regina Cronje
• Diseases of Horticultural Crops: Diagnosis and Management,
Volume 1: Fruit Crops
Editors: J. N. Srivastava, PhD, and A. K. Singh, PhD
• Diseases of Horticultural Crops: Diagnosis and Management,
Volume 2: Vegetable Crops
Editors: J. N. Srivastava, PhD, and A. K. Singh, PhD
viii Books in the Series
• Diseases of of Horticultural Crops: Diagnosis and Management,
Volume 3: Ornamental Plants and Spice Crops
Editors: J. N. Srivastava, PhD, and A. K. Singh, PhD
• Diseases of Horticultural Crops: Diagnosis and Management,
Volume 4: Important Plantation Crops, Medicinal Crops, and
Mushrooms
Editors: J. N. Srivastava, PhD, and A. K. Singh, PhD
• Biotic Stress Management in Tomato
Editors: Shashank Shekhar Solankey, PhD, and Md. Shamim, PhD
• Medicinal Plants: Bioprospecting and Pharmacognosy
Editors: Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD, and K. V. Peter, PhD
• Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Crops: Production, Processing, and
Marketing
Editors: Debashis Mandal, PhD, Ursula Wermund, PhD,
Lop Phavaphutanon, PhD, and Regina Cronje
ABOUT THE EDITORS
Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD
Professor and former Head,
Department of Plantation, Spices,
Medicinal and Aromatic Crops,
Faculty of Horticulture,
BCKV (Agricultural University),
Nadia, West Bengal, India
Amit Baran Sharangi, PhD, is a Professor in Horti
cultural Science and former Head of the Department
of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops in the Faculty of Horti
culture at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (Agricultural University),
India. He has been teaching for 23 years and was instrumental in the process
of coconut improvement leading to the release of a variety Kalpa Mitra from
the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute. He spent time at several
laboratories around the world, including the laboratories of Professor Cousen
in Melbourne, Australia; Professor Picha in the USA; and Dr. Dobson in the
UK. He has published about 85 research papers in peer-reviewed journals, 60
conference papers, and 26 books with reputed publishers including Springer
Nature. He has also published chapters in books published from Springer,
CRC Press, Nova Science Publishers, and others. One of his papers was
ranked among the top 25 articles in ScienceDirect. Presently he is associated
with 50 international and national journals in a variety of roles, including
editor-in-chief, associate editor, regional editor, technical editor, editorial
board member, and reviewer.
Professor Sharangi has visited abroad extensively on academic missions
and has received several international awards, such as the Endeavour Post
doctoral Award (Australia), INSA-RSE (Indian National Science Academy)
Visiting Scientist Fellowship (UK), Fulbright Visiting Faculty Fellowship
(USA), Achiever’s Award (Society for Advancement of Human and Nature,
Man of the Year—2015 (Cambridge, UK), Outstanding Scientist (Venus
International Foundation), Bharat Ratna Mother Teresa Gold Medal Award in
2020, etc. He has delivered invited lectures in the UK, USA, Australia, Thai
land, Israel, and Bangladesh on several aspects of herbs and spices. Professor
