Table Of ContentMECHANISMS OF
LYMPHOCYTE
ACTIVATION AND
IMMUNE REGULATION 11
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Editorial Board:
NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo
IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science
DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute
ABEL LAJTHA, N. S. Kline Institute for Psychiatrie Research
RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan
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MECHANISMS OF LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION AND IMMUNE REGULATION II
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MECHANISMS OF
LYMPHOCYTE
ACTIVATION AND
IMMUNE REGULATION 11
Edited hy
Sudhir Gupta
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, California
and
William E. Paul
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
International Conference on Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation (2nd:
1988: Newport Beach, Calif.)
Mechanisms of Iymphocyte activation and immune regulation II I edited by Sudhir
Gupta and William E. Paul.
p. cm. - (Advances in experimental medicine and biology; v. 254)
"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Lymphocyte Activation and
Immune Regulation, held February 18-20,1988, in Newport Beach, California"-T.p.
verso.
Includes bibliographies and index.
ISBN 978-1-4757-5805-4 ISBN 978-1-4757-5803-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-5803-0
1. Lymphocyte transformation-Congresses. 2. Immune response-Regulation
Congresses. I. Gupta, Sudhir. II. Paul, William E. III. Title. IV. Title: Mechanisms of
Iymphocyte activation and immune regulation 2. V. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Lymphocyte Transformation-congresses. 2. Lymphocytes-immu
nology-congresses. 3. Lymphocytes.-physiology-congresses. WH 200 I572m 1988]
QRI85.8.L9I553 1988
616.07'9-dc20
DNLM/DLC 89-16125
for Library of Congress CIP
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Lymphocyte Activation and
Immune Regulation held February 18-20, 1988, in Newport Beach, California
© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media New Yo rk
Origina1ly published by Plenum Press, New York in 1989
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1989
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
CONTRIBUTORS
PAMELA J. BJORKMAN--Department of Medical Microbiology, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
MICHAEL B. BRENNER--Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Dana Farber Cancer Institute,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
MICHAEL D. CAHALAN--Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of
California, Irvine, California 92717
KATHRYN CALAME--Department of Microbiology, Columbia University College of
Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 1003
MARK M. DA VIS--Department of Medical Microbiology, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
ANTHONY DeFRANCO--Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Biochemistry and
Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
CHARLES A. DINARELLO--Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine
and New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 021 I I
WARNER C. GREENE--Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, North Carolina 277 IO
SUDHIR GUPTA--Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California,
Irvine, California 92717
JOHN H. KEHRL--Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
PAUL W. KINCADE--Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
73104
TADAMITSU KISHIMOTO--Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,
Osaka 565, Japan
GERRY G.B. KLAUS--National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
RICHARD KLAUSNER--National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,
National Institutes of HeaIth, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
FRITZ MELCHERS--Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzeriand
RICHARD J. ROBB--Medical Products Department, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.,
Glenolden, Pennsylvania 19036
5
EVA SEVERINSON--Department of Immunology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
ARTHUR WEISS--Departments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
6
PREFACE
The ac ti vati on of Iymphocytes by physiologie ligands has become a central area of
study for immunologists. Furthermore, Iymphocytes offer many advantages for the study of
general aspects of receptor-mediated cellular activation. For these reasons, research on
the cellular and molecular aspects of the activation of Iymphocytes by antigens, antigen
analogues, Iymphokines and other growth factors has expanded enormously in the last
several years. Aseries of conferences, "The International Conferences on Lymphocyte
Activation", has been initiated to meet the growing need for a forum for the discussion
of the topics that are included within the area of Iymphocyte activation.
This volume represents the proceedings of the Second International Conference on
Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation, held on February 18-20, 1988 at Newport
Beach, California. The proceedings comprise four major sections. The first deals with
the T cell receptors and T cell activation. It includes a model for the T cell receptor
interaction with a complex of MHC plus antigen, structure of y c'i T cell receptor and
their distinct isotypic forms, the role of zeta chain in the expression and structure of
T cell receptors and its role in transmembrane signalling. The use of somatic cell
mutants in the study of signal transduction function of the T cell antigen receptors and
the early and late steps of signal transduction via a / ß T cell antigen receptors are
discussed. The second section presents the structures and functions of interleukin land
interleukin 2 and their receptors. The third section includes Beeil development and B
cell activation. The cellular and molecular requirements for Beeil Iymphopoiesis and
the factors that bind to functionally important regions of IgH chain promotor and
enhancer are presented. The pool of precursor B Iymphocytes using monoclonal antibodies
and precursor Beeil specific genes has been identified. A role of G protein and
membrane ion channels in signal transduction of human and murine B cells is discussed in
detail. The fourth section includes the role of interleukins 4, 5, 6 in the Beeil
activation, proliferation and differentiation. A role of interleukin 6 in the
immunopathogenesis of autoimmune disorders is discussed. Data are presented for various
effects of transforming growth factor on Beeil proliferation and differentiation,
including interactions with other cytokines. This book should be of interest to
researchers in basic immunology and molecular biology.
Sudhir Gupta
William E. Paul
7
CONTENTS
T CELL RECEPTORS AND T CELL ACnVA nON
A Model for T Cell Receptor and MHC/Peptide Interaction 13
Mark M. Davis and Pamela J. Bjorkman
Human T Cell Receptor yeS Structure • . • . . . • . • • • • 17
Michael Brenner, Frans Hochstenbach, Hamid Band, Christina Parker,
Joanne McClean, Shingo Hata, and Michael Krangel
The Role of the Zeta Chain in the Expression, Structure and Function of
the T Cell Receptor • . . • . . • • • . . • . • • • • . • 21
Richard D. Klausner, Allan W. Weissman, Michal Baniyash,
Juan S. Bonifacino, and Lawrence E. Samelson
Use of Somatic Cell Mutants to Study the Signal Transduction Function
of the T Cell Antigen Receptor . • • • • • . . • • • • . 25
Mark A. Goldsmith, Linda K. Bockenstedt, Paul Dazin, and Arthur Weiss
Changes in Early and Late Steps of T Cell Activation by WT 31 MoAb • 35
Sudhir Gupta, Makito Shimizu, Renu Batra, and Bharathi Vayuvegula
INTERLEUKIN 1 AND INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTORS
Interleukin-I Induced T -Lymphocyte Proliferation and its Relation to IL-I
Receptors ..•.•..•...•••••••.••.•. 45
Charles A. Dinarello, Scott F. Orencole, and Nerina Savage
Structure and Regulation of the Human IL-2 Receptor. • • . . . . . 55
Warner C. Greene, Ernst Böhnlein, Miriam Siekevitz, Dean W. Ballard,
B. Robert Franza, and John W. Lowenthal
Structure-Function Relationships for High and Low Affinity Interleukin 2
Receptors •.••....••..•••••.•.•.•• 61
Richard J. Robb
B L YMPHOCYTE DEVELOPMENT AND B CELL ACnVA nON
Cellular and Molecular Requirements for B Lymphopoiesis • • • • • • • • 69
Jeffrey M. Gimble, Shin-Ichi Hayashi, Carolynn E. Pietrangeli, Grace Lee,
and Paul Kincade
9
Transcriptional Regulation of Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain and T -Cell Receptor
Beta Chain Genes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Skye McDougall, Suzanne Eaton, Craig L. Peterson, and Kathryn Calame
Precursor B Lymphocytes--Specific Monoclonal Antibodies and Genes . . . 87
Fritz Meichers, Steven R. Bauer, Christoph Berger, Hajime Karasuyama,
Akira Kudo, Antonius Rolink, Nobuo Sagakuchi, Andreas Strasser, and
Philipp Thalmann
G-Protein Regulation of Polyphosphoinositide Breakdown in B Cells· . . . . .. 95
G.G.B. Klaus, M.M. Harnett, and K.P. Rigley
Signal Transduction Via the B Cell Antigen Receptor: Involvement of a G Protein
and Regulation of Signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 101
Anthony L. DeFranco and Michael R. Gold
Voltage-Sensitive Ion Channels in Human B Lymphocytes . . . . . . . . .. 113
Jeffrey B. Sutro, Bharathi S. Vayuvegula, Sudhir Gupta, and Michael Cahalan
INTERLEUKINS AND B L YMPHOCYTE ACTIV A TION
Interleukins 4 and 5: Mechanisms of Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Eva Severinson, Hee-Bom Moon, Susanne Bergstedt-Lindqvist, Ulla Persson,
Christoph Heusser, and Janet Stavnezer
Normal and Abnormal Regulation of Human B Cell Differentiation by a New
Cytokine, BSF2/IL-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Tadamitsu Kishimoto, Tetsuya Taga, Katsuhido Yamasaki, Tadashi Matsud,
Bo Tang, Atsushi Muraguchi, Yasuhiro Horii, Sachiko Suematsu, Yuichi
Hirata, Hideo Yawata, Masatoshi Shimuzu, Michiaki Kawano, and Toshio
Hirano
Alternative cytokines in the immunoregulation of the human Beeil cycle 145
John H. Kehrl and Anthony S. Fauci
Index . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 155
10
T CELL RECEPTORS AND T CELL ACnVA nON
