Measurement Techniques and Practices of Colloid and Interface Phenomena

145 Pages·2019·5.662 MB·English

by  Masahiko Abe

Masahiko Abe Editor
Measurement
Techniques and
Practices of Colloid
and Interface
Phenomena
Measurement Techniques and Practices of Colloid
and Interface Phenomena
Masahiko Abe
Editor
Measurement Techniques and
Practices of Colloid and
Interface Phenomena
Editor
MasahikoAbe
ResearchInstituteforScienceand
Technology
TokyoUniversityofScience
Noda,Japan
Translation from the Japanese language edition: GENBA DE YAKUDATSU KOROIDO
KAIMEN GENSHO NO SOKUTEI NOUHAU, © Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun 2016. Published
byNikkanKogyo ShimbunLtd. All Rights Reserved.
ISBN978-981-13-5930-9 ISBN978-981-13-5931-6 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5931-6
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2019933910
©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2019
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Foreword for English Translation
Colloidandsurfacescienceisrelatedtoeveryphenomenaofmaterialsencountering
each other, but most of the case it was overlooked or ignored in daily life because
handlingofmaterialsaremostlyinthebulkormass.Whilerecentpopularizationof
nano-technologyandexpectationofitsutilizationisremarkableandtherearemany
people facing to measure the properties of materials at nanometer order which is
rathercomplicatedandnoteasytobeaccustomed.
Among the scientists who have been working for more than a hundred years in
thecolloidandinterfacialscience,peoplealways talkedaboutnanoanddeveloped
many instrumentation inthisfield. ProfessorAbe’slaboratoryatTokyo University
of Science is one of the largest labs fully equipped with most of the instruments
requiredforsurfacechemicalmeasurement.Tokeepsuchactivity,therearedepths
of expertise and resources. This is the reason Professor Abe published “Measure-
ment Techniques and Practices of Colloid and Interface Phenomena” in 2016 and
assemblingtrainingcoursetoutilizethebookforthepeopleintheindustry.
ThisEnglishtranslationisplannedtospreadourexperienceoutofJapantohelp
peopleinterestedinthecolloidandsurfacescience.Thisbookisnotcomprehensive,
ratheraimedtoprovidetipsandhintstofindsolutionswhenfacedtothedifficulties
ofmeasurement.
Theuniquevalueofnanoisnotjustitssize.Ifyoutakeagoldcube,itismostly
bulk with comparatively little surface area. But if you dice that golden cube into
many smaller pieces, the mass stays the same while the amount of surface area
increases greatly. Thatsurfacearea isfullofenergy –andfull ofpossibilities (like
purplegoldparticles)forthescientistsworkinginnano.
v
vi ForewordforEnglishTranslation
WehopethisEnglishtranslationfinditsownwaytohelppeopleworkingonthe
nanotechnologyandstudentstryingtogetintothesurfacescience.
DepartmentofPureandApplied KazutamiSakamoto
Chemistry
Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo,
Japan
August2018
Preface
(ThisprefaceistranslatedfromoriginalJapanesepublication)
This book “Measurement Techniques and Practices of Colloid and Interface
Phenomena” has been prepared by scientists actively contributing for
the advancement of colloid and surface science and technology who have close
acquaintanceswithmeasprofessoratResearchInstituteforScienceandTechnology,
TokyoUniversityofScience.Thisbookwasplannedtoprovideconciseguidanceto
theyoungscientistsenteringthisfieldonthemeasurementoftypicalphysico-chemical
propertiesrelatingtocolloidandsurfacescience.
Thisbookisstructuredbystartingintroductionstothefield,introductionsection
and followed by 19 chapters relating to measurement techniques specified to each
basic properties and measurement as follows; Chapter 1: Basics of Surface Chem-
istry, Chapter 2: Static Surface Tension, Chapter 3: Dynamic Surface Tension,
Chapter 4: Surface Pressure, Chapter 5: Surface Viscosity, Chapter 6: Interfacial
Tension between Water and Oils, Chapter 7: Quartz Crystal Microbalance with
Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), Chapter 8: Atomic Force Microscope (AFM),
Chapter 9: Static Light Scattering (SLS), Chapter 10: Dynamic Light Scattering
(DLS), Chapter 11: Solubilization by Micelle, Chapter 12: Rheology, Chapter 13:
Freeze-FractureTransmissionElectronMicroscopy,Chapter14:Cryo-Transmission
ElectronMicroscopy,Chapter15:Zeta(ζ)-potentialforMicelleandMicroemulsion,
Chapter 16: Electron Microscopy Observation of Solid Particles, Chapter 17: Gas
AdsorptiononSurfaceofSolidMaterials,Chapter18:ContactAngleMeasurement
forSolidSurface,Chapter19:Qualityandtreatmentofwaterforexperiment.
Each chapter consists of sub sections including Introduction, What You Get,
Essentials and Tips, Understanding Your Data, What to Look Out For, Useful
Hints andadditionalsubsections forsomechaptersfromabeginner’sviewpoint.
vii
viii Preface
Chapter 17 explains how to prepare physico-chemically pure water, especially for
nanometerlevelmeasurement,toavoidbiologicalcontamination.
I hope this book fits the reader’s interest and helps to support their research
advancement.
Noda,Japan MasahikoAbe
April2016
Contents
1 BasicsofSurfaceChemistry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
MasahikoAbe
2 StaticSurfaceTension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
MasahikoAbe
3 DynamicSurfaceTension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
TakuOgura
4 SurfacePressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
TomohiroImura
5 SurfaceViscosity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
TomohiroImura
6 InterfacialTensionBetweenWaterandOil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
TakeshiMisono
7 QuartzCrystalMicrobalancewithDissipation
Monitoring(QCM-D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
KenichiSakai
8 AtomicForceMicroscope(AFM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
KenichiSakai
9 StaticLightScattering(SLS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
TakeshiMisono
10 DynamicLightScattering(DLS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
TakeshiMisono
11 SolubilizationbyMicelles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
MasahikoAbe
ix
x Contents
12 Rheology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
KojiTsuchiya
13 Freeze-FractureTransmissionElectronMicroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . 87
KojiTsuchiya
14 Cryo-transmissionElectronMicroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
KojiTsuchiya
15 Zeta(ζ)PotentialforMicelleandMicroemulsion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
MasahikoAbe
16 ElectronMicroscopyObservationofSolidParticles. . . . . . . . . . . . 111
KanjiroTorigoe
17 GasAdsorptiononSurfaceofSolidMaterials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
TakeshiEndo
18 ContactAngleMeasurementforSolidSurface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
MasahikoAbe
19 QualityandTreatmentofWaterforExperimentUse. . . . . . . . . . . 137
MasahikoAbe