Table Of ContentCCO-BENDER-08-0804-FM.qxd 2/28/09 4:13 PM Page i
MMCCTTSS GGuuiiddee ttoo MMiiccrroossoofftt
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IInnffrraassttrruuccttuurree CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn
Michael Bender
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MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows © 2010 Course Technology, Cengage Learning
Server 2008 Network Infrastructure
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BBrriieeff TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
CHAPTER 2
Installing Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
CHAPTER 3
Networking with Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
CHAPTER 4
Installing and Configuring the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
CHAPTER 5
Introduction to DNS in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
CHAPTER 6
Managing and Administering DNS in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205
CHAPTER 7
Configuring File Services in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
CHAPTER 8
Introduction to Printers in a Windows Server 2008 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
CHAPTER 9
Network Policy and Access Services in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333
CHAPTER 10
Securing Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .363
CHAPTER 11
Managing and Monitoring a Windows Server 2008 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
APPENDIX A
MCTS 70-642 Exam Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .451
APPENDIX B
A Step-by-Step Guide to Using Server Virtualization Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455
GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .491
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503
iii
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INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Clients, Servers, and Windows Network Models.........................................................................................................................2
Workgroup Model..................................................................................................................................................................2
Domain Model with Active Directory....................................................................................................................................3
Windows Server 2008 Editions....................................................................................................................................................4
Windows Server 2008, Standard Edition................................................................................................................................5
Windows Server 2008, Enterprise Edition..............................................................................................................................5
Windows Server 2008, Datacenter Edition.............................................................................................................................5
Windows Web Server 2008.....................................................................................................................................................5
Windows HPC Server 2008....................................................................................................................................................6
Windows Server 2008, Without Hyper-V...............................................................................................................................6
Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems..................................................................................................................6
Windows Server 2008 Hardware Requirements...........................................................................................................................6
32-Bit and 64-Bit Processors...................................................................................................................................................7
New Technologies in Windows Server 2008................................................................................................................................7
Improved Installation Process...............................................................................................................................................11
Hyper-V................................................................................................................................................................................13
Server Core...........................................................................................................................................................................13
Network Access Protection...................................................................................................................................................14
TCP/IP Improvements...........................................................................................................................................................14
Server Manager.....................................................................................................................................................................14
PowerShell............................................................................................................................................................................15
Windows Remote Management............................................................................................................................................16
Group Policy Preferences......................................................................................................................................................16
New Roles and Features in Windows Server 2008.....................................................................................................................16
New Roles in Server 2008....................................................................................................................................................17
Active Directory Roles..........................................................................................................................................................17
Network Roles......................................................................................................................................................................19
Infrastructure Roles..............................................................................................................................................................20
New Features........................................................................................................................................................................21
Roles and Features Management..........................................................................................................................................22
Server Manager Command...................................................................................................................................................24
Windows Server 2008 User Interface.........................................................................................................................................25
Start Menu............................................................................................................................................................................25
Network and Sharing Center................................................................................................................................................27
Windows Desktop Experience..............................................................................................................................................28
Chapter Summary......................................................................................................................................................................29
Key Terms..................................................................................................................................................................................29
Review Questions.......................................................................................................................................................................32
Case Projects..............................................................................................................................................................................35
CHAPTER 2
Installing Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Deployment Improvements in Windows Server 2008.................................................................................................................38
Process Improvements...........................................................................................................................................................38
Tool and Technologies Improvements...................................................................................................................................39
Windows Deployment Services.............................................................................................................................................39
Windows Automated Installation Kit...................................................................................................................................41
Windows System Image Manager.........................................................................................................................................42
ImageX.................................................................................................................................................................................43
Windows Preinstallation Environment..................................................................................................................................43
Windows Recovery Environment..........................................................................................................................................44
Sysprep.................................................................................................................................................................................45
v
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vi Table of Contents
Preparing to Install Windows Server 2008.................................................................................................................................47
Installation Types..................................................................................................................................................................47
Installing Windows Server 2008 with Server Core.....................................................................................................................50
Imaging Options with ImageX..............................................................................................................................................51
Modifying an Image.............................................................................................................................................................52
Applying an Image................................................................................................................................................................54
Configuring Windows Server 2008............................................................................................................................................54
Product Activation and Licensing in Windows Server 2008.................................................................................................56
Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Server Core....................................................................................................................60
Basics of Server Core............................................................................................................................................................60
Configuring Server Core.......................................................................................................................................................64
Chapter Summary......................................................................................................................................................................67
Key Terms..................................................................................................................................................................................68
Review Questions.......................................................................................................................................................................71
Case Projects..............................................................................................................................................................................74
CHAPTER 3
Networking with Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Introduction to Networking.......................................................................................................................................................78
Basics of Networking............................................................................................................................................................78
Types of Networks................................................................................................................................................................78
Basic Network Components.................................................................................................................................................81
Network Addressing with TCP/IP.............................................................................................................................................86
IPv4......................................................................................................................................................................................86
Subnetting.............................................................................................................................................................................89
Public and Private Addresses................................................................................................................................................92
Introduction to IPv6.............................................................................................................................................................93
IPv6 Address Types....................................................................................................................................................................95
Configuring Clients for IPv4 and IPv6.......................................................................................................................................97
IPv4 Client Configuration.....................................................................................................................................................97
Manual Configuration Through the GUI............................................................................................................................103
Manual Configuration with Netsh......................................................................................................................................104
Upgrading Your Network to IPv6............................................................................................................................................105
Dual-Layer IP Stack............................................................................................................................................................105
IPv6 over IPv4....................................................................................................................................................................106
ISATAP...............................................................................................................................................................................106
6to4....................................................................................................................................................................................106
Teredo.................................................................................................................................................................................107
Using Netsh to Configure Transition Technologies.............................................................................................................107
Enabling Teredo..................................................................................................................................................................108
Disabling IPv6....................................................................................................................................................................109
Troubleshooting TCP/IP Networking......................................................................................................................................110
Troubleshooting Tools in Windows Server 2008................................................................................................................110
Network Troubleshooting Methodology............................................................................................................................117
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................117
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................118
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................120
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................123
CHAPTER 4
Installing and Configuring the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Basics of DHCP.......................................................................................................................................................................126
DHCP Protocol Basics........................................................................................................................................................126
Exploring DHCP Components and Processes..........................................................................................................................127
Components of DHCP........................................................................................................................................................127
DHCP Communication Processes.......................................................................................................................................133
Using DHCPv6...................................................................................................................................................................137
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Table of Contents vii
Installing DHCP in a Windows Server 2008 Environment.......................................................................................................137
Authorizing DHCP.............................................................................................................................................................140
Configuring the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................................141
Configuring Scopes.............................................................................................................................................................141
Configuring Exclusions.......................................................................................................................................................143
Configuring Options...........................................................................................................................................................145
Creating Reservations.........................................................................................................................................................146
Using netsh.........................................................................................................................................................................147
DHCP Client Configuration...............................................................................................................................................147
DHCP Administration..............................................................................................................................................................150
Monitoring Reliability and Performance.............................................................................................................................150
Backup and Recovery.........................................................................................................................................................154
Troubleshooting DHCP...........................................................................................................................................................156
Reconciling the Database....................................................................................................................................................156
Verifying DHCP Services....................................................................................................................................................157
Troubleshooting DHCP Clients: IPconfig...........................................................................................................................157
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................158
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................159
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................160
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................163
CHAPTER 5
Introduction to DNS in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
Domain Name System..............................................................................................................................................................166
DNS Terminology...............................................................................................................................................................167
DNS Queries in Windows Server 2008...............................................................................................................................172
Configuring DNS Clients.........................................................................................................................................................174
DNS Client Settings............................................................................................................................................................174
Dynamic Updates................................................................................................................................................................181
Installing DNS in Windows Server 2008..................................................................................................................................181
Installing Cache-only DNS servers......................................................................................................................................181
DNS Zones..............................................................................................................................................................................183
Standard Zones...................................................................................................................................................................184
Standard DNS Zone Types.................................................................................................................................................184
Direction of DNS Zones.....................................................................................................................................................188
DNS Resource Records.......................................................................................................................................................189
Standard DNS Zone Transfers............................................................................................................................................196
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................197
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................197
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................199
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................203
CHAPTER 6
Managing and Administering DNS in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205
Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services...................................................................................................................206
Using AD DS......................................................................................................................................................................208
AD-Integrated DNS............................................................................................................................................................214
DNS Zone Layout..............................................................................................................................................................215
Dynamic DNS.....................................................................................................................................................................218
Managing DNS........................................................................................................................................................................223
Using the DNS Console......................................................................................................................................................223
Configuration Settings in the DNS Console........................................................................................................................223
Round-Robin DNS..............................................................................................................................................................230
Conditional Forwarding......................................................................................................................................................232
Troubleshooting DNS...............................................................................................................................................................234
DNS Server Logs..................................................................................................................................................................234
Command-Line Utilities.......................................................................................................................................................239
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WINS........................................................................................................................................................................................247
WINS...................................................................................................................................................................................249
New DNS Features....................................................................................................................................................................250
DNS on Server Core............................................................................................................................................................250
Support for IPv6..................................................................................................................................................................251
Primary Read-Only Zone.....................................................................................................................................................251
Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution...............................................................................................................................252
DNS Client Changes............................................................................................................................................................252
Background Zone Loading..................................................................................................................................................253
GNZ....................................................................................................................................................................................253
Chapter Summary.....................................................................................................................................................................253
Key Terms.................................................................................................................................................................................254
Review Questions......................................................................................................................................................................256
Case Projects.............................................................................................................................................................................259
CHAPTER 7
Configuring File Services in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
Introduction to File Services......................................................................................................................................................262
Installing the File Server Role..............................................................................................................................................263
File and Folder Sharing.............................................................................................................................................................263
Public and Standard Sharing................................................................................................................................................263
Access Control.....................................................................................................................................................................265
Deploying Shares.................................................................................................................................................................270
Distributed File System..............................................................................................................................................................278
Introduction to DFS.............................................................................................................................................................278
Configuring DFS..................................................................................................................................................................283
Managing Windows Server 2008 with FSRM...........................................................................................................................287
Chapter Summary.....................................................................................................................................................................292
Key Terms.................................................................................................................................................................................293
Review Questions......................................................................................................................................................................294
Case Projects.............................................................................................................................................................................298
CHAPTER 8
Introduction to Printers in a Windows Server 2008 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
Windows Printer Model for Windows Server 2008...................................................................................................................302
Windows Printer Types........................................................................................................................................................303
Deploying Printers and Print Services........................................................................................................................................305
Installing the Print Services Role..........................................................................................................................................306
Deploying Printers to Clients...............................................................................................................................................311
Configuring Printer Resources...................................................................................................................................................316
Sharing a Stand-Alone Printer..............................................................................................................................................316
Changing Permissions on a Printer......................................................................................................................................317
Changing the Printer Port....................................................................................................................................................317
Creating a Printer Pool........................................................................................................................................................319
Creating Multiple Printers for a Single Print Device............................................................................................................320
Updating a Printer Driver....................................................................................................................................................324
Managing Printers and Print Services........................................................................................................................................325
Using the PMC....................................................................................................................................................................325
Working with Print Queues.................................................................................................................................................326
Managing Server Core Print Services...................................................................................................................................326
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................328
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................328
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................329
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................331
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CHAPTER 9
Network Policy and Access Services in Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333
Configuring Routing in Windows Server 2008........................................................................................................................334
Configuring RRAS as a Router...........................................................................................................................................336
Working with Routing Tables.............................................................................................................................................338
Configuring Routes.............................................................................................................................................................340
Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent......................................................................................................................................342
Configuring Dial-on-Demand Routing...............................................................................................................................344
Configuring Remote Access Services in Windows Server 2008................................................................................................344
Dial-Up Networking...........................................................................................................................................................344
Using Virtual Private Networks..........................................................................................................................................345
Network Address Translation.............................................................................................................................................348
Introduction to Network Policy Server....................................................................................................................................349
Windows Server 2008 Editions and the NPS Console........................................................................................................349
Introduction to RADIUS.....................................................................................................................................................351
RADIUS Server...................................................................................................................................................................353
RADIUS Proxy....................................................................................................................................................................354
NAP.....................................................................................................................................................................................355
Authentication Protocol.......................................................................................................................................................355
Wireless Access Configuration in Windows Server 2008..........................................................................................................356
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................357
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................358
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................360
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................362
CHAPTER 10
Securing Windows Server 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .363
Managing Security in Server 2008...........................................................................................................................................364
Security Configuration Wizard...........................................................................................................................................364
Windows Firewall...............................................................................................................................................................365
Encrypting File Services......................................................................................................................................................375
BitLocker............................................................................................................................................................................378
Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer..................................................................................................................................383
Internet Protocol Security.........................................................................................................................................................386
IPSec Threats......................................................................................................................................................................387
How IPSec Works...............................................................................................................................................................387
Network Authentication in Windows Server 2008.............................................................................................................393
Introduction to Network Access Protection.............................................................................................................................394
NAP Terminology...............................................................................................................................................................394
NAP Enforcement Methods................................................................................................................................................395
Implementing NAP.............................................................................................................................................................396
Installing NAP....................................................................................................................................................................396
Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................................................................397
Key Terms................................................................................................................................................................................399
Review Questions.....................................................................................................................................................................399
Case Projects............................................................................................................................................................................402
CHAPTER 11
Managing and Monitoring a Windows Server 2008 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
Managing Windows Server 2008.............................................................................................................................................404
Microsoft Management Consoles.......................................................................................................................................404
Server Manager Console.....................................................................................................................................................406
Updating Windows Server 2008..............................................................................................................................................411
Windows Update................................................................................................................................................................411
Windows Server Update Services........................................................................................................................................411
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