Maturity Groups 000-IV - ARS - US Department of Agriculture

157 Pages·2008·0.52 MB·English

United States
Evaluation of the USDA
Department of
Agriculture
Soybean Germplasm Collection:
Agricultural
Research
Service
Maturity Groups 000-IV
Technical Bulletin
Number 1919
(PI 578371-PI 612761)
April 2008

United States Evaluation of the USDA
Department of
Agriculture
Soybean Germplasm Collection:
Agricultural
Research
Service Maturity Groups 000-IV
Technical Bulletin
Number 1919 (PI 578371-PI 612761)
April 2008
J.L. Hill, E.K. Peregrine, G.L. Sprau,
C.R. Cremeens, R.L. Nelson, J.H. Orf, and
D.A. Thomas
Peregrine is an agronomist, Sprau (now retired) was an agricultural research technician,
and Cremeens (now retired) was an agricultural research technician with USDA, ARS,
Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL. Nelson is
a supervisory research geneticist with USDA, ARS, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology,
and Genetics Research Unit, and a professor in the Department of Crop Sciences, University
of Illinois, Urbana, IL. Orf is a professor in the Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics,
University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. Thomas is a chemist with USDA, ARS, National Center
for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL.
Nelson and Peregrine are curator and assistant curator, respectively, of the USDA Soybean
Germplasm Collection, Urbana, IL.
Abstract

E.K. Peregrine, G.L. Sprau, C.R. Cremeens, R.L. Nelson, J.H. Orf, and D.A. Thomas. 2008.
Evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection: Maturity Groups 000-IV (PI 578371-PI
612761). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. 1919, 155 pp.

This publication contains information on the origin, descriptive characteristics, agronomic
performance, and seed composition of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm accessions
in maturity groups 000-IV from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection that were primarily
introduced into the United States between 1993 and 2000. The accessions included in this
publication were evaluated in 2001 and 2002 in Rosemount, MN (Lat. 45° 02´ N, for MG 000-I) and
Urbana, IL (Lat. 40° 00´ N, for MG I-IV).

Keywords: agronomic characteristics, fatty acids, Glycine max, origin, seed composition, seed
yield, soybean oil, soybean protein.

While supplies last, single copies of this publication may be obtained from USDA Soybean
Germplasm Collection, 1101 West Peabody Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801.

Copies of this publication may be purchased in various formats (microfiche, photocopy, CD,
print on demand) from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, VA 22161, [phone], www.ntis.gov.

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opportunity provider and employer.

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ARS Mission

The Agricultural Research Service conducts research to develop and transfer solutions to
agricultural problems of high national priority and provides information access and
dissemination to:

• ensure high quality, safe food and other agricultural products,
• assess the nutritional needs of Americans,
• sustain a competitive agricultural economy,
• enhance the natural resource base and the environment, and
• provide economic opportunities for rural citizens, communities, and society as a whole.
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Contents

Page

Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1

Maturity Groups 000-I ....................................................................................................................8

Table 1.1. Identification and origin information for USDA soybean germplasm in
maturity groups 000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not
previously evaluated.

Table 2.1. Descriptive data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups
000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated.

Table 3.1. Agronomic data for USDA soybean germplasm collection in maturity
groups 000-, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously
evaluated, grown at Rosemount, MN.

Table 4.1. Seed composition data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity
groups 000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously
evaluated, grown at Rosemount, MN.

Maturity Groups I-IV ....................................................................................................................52

Table 1.2. Identification and origin information for USDA soybean germplasm in
maturity groups I-IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not
previously evaluated.

Table 2.2. Descriptive data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I-
IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated.

Table 3.2. Agronomic data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I-
IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated,
grown at Urbana, IL.

Table 4.2. Seed composition data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity
groups I-IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously
evaluated, grown at Urbana, IL.

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Introduction

This publication contains information on the origin, descriptive
characteristics, agronomic performance, and seed composition data of
soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) germplasm accessions initially
classified in maturity groups 000 through IV in the range from PI 578371
to PI 612761, plus some accessions that were omitted from earlier
publications. Also included are cultivars in the same maturity groups,
developed at public institutions in the United States and Canada, and
released by 2001. These data are also available electronically through the
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) at http://www.ars-
grin.gov/npgs/ or from the Database Management Unit, USDA-ARS,
BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705. This is one of a series of technical
bulletins that report on evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm
Collection. Other evaluation publications can be obtained from the
Curator, USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, USDA-ARS, 1101 West
Peabody Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.

The accessions included in this publication were evaluated in 2001 and
2002 in Rosemount, Minnesota (Lat. 45° 02´ N, for MG 000-I) and
Urbana, Illinois (Lat. 40° 00´ N, for MG I-IV). Accessions are listed with
the evaluation in which they were planted, regardless of which maturity
group they were placed in following evaluation. All tests were replicated
once per year. Specific comments about each evaluation follow.

MG 000 - I evaluation (Minnesota)
Planting dates were June 8, 2001, and May 28, 2002. Plots were 3.6 m
long with 4 rows 76 cm apart. Plots were trimmed to 2.4 m after maturity
and the middle two rows harvested. Because of the difference in planting
date, plants matured an average of six days later in 2001 than in 2002.
Growing conditions in 2001 were hot and dry, while 2002 was wet most
of the growing season. As a result, seed size and yield in 2002 was
generally greater than in 2001.

MG I - IV evaluation (Illinois)
Planting dates were May 4, 2001, and May 27, 2002. Plots were 4 m long
with 4 rows 76 cm apart. They were trimmed to 2.4 m after maturity and
the middle two rows harvested. Accessions initially classified as maturity
group I were stunted by herbicide damage and were not harvested in 2002.

Seed composition was analyzed at the USDA Northern Center for
Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, IL. Fatty acid composition
was obtained by gas-liquid chromatography of the methyl esters (Christie
1989, Bannon et al. 1982). Oil and protein for samples with yellow seed
coats was analyzed using the near infrared method for whole-grain
analysis (AACC Method 39-21). Protein concentrations for samples with
colored or heavily mottled seed coats were obtained using the improved
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Kjeldahl method (AACC Method 46-16) and oil by the Butt Extraction
method (AOCS Official Method Ac 3-44).

Data categories and abbreviations

The maturity groups of some accessions were changed based on
evaluation data, but accessions are listed with the evaluation in which they
were planted. Each evaluation was blocked by maturity group but the data
are presented in cultivar name or PI number order.

Numeric values are the mean of observations from 2 years, except
chemical data from the Urbana, IL, location for maturity group I are for
2001 only. Where only one observation was used, that value is followed
by a caret (^). Chemical data obtained using the Kjeldahl procedure and
Butt extraction are followed by a “w”. An asterisk (*) following a mean
indicates that the difference between the values for the two replications
exceeded a specified limit. The limits for each trait are as follows:

Flowering Date >14 days
Maturity Date >14 days
Lodging >1 unit
Height >15 cm
Stem termination >1 unit
Shattering >1 unit
Seed quality >1 unit
Seed mottling >1 unit
Seed weight >4.0 cg sd-1
Yield >1.0 Mg ha-1

This approach was implemented because of the possibility of
misinterpreting the mean of only two observations when the difference
between the individual values was large.

Missing data are indicated by a single dash (-).

Table 1

PI number
Serial numbers assigned by the Plant Exchange Office, National
Germplasm Resources Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC-West, Beltsville,
MD 20705.

Accession identifier
Accession names and identification numbers are reported as received. No
attempt was made to change transliterations or translations done by others.
When heterogeneous introductions were received, two or more sublines
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were preserved and are distinguished by letter (A, B, C, etc.) suffixed to
the PI number. Any name or number received with the original sample is
enclosed in parentheses for sublines with other than the “A” designation.

Region and Country of origin
This is the region (province, state, or prefecture) and country where the
accession originated based on the best information received from the
country of acquisition or accession name. In some cases, the region listed
may be the source of the seeds and not the origin of the accession.

Country of acquisition
This is the country from which the seeds were actually obtained.

Year of introduction or release
This is the year in which cultivars from the United States or Canada were
officially released, or the year in which introductions were assigned PI
numbers.

Maturity group
Maturity group is the classification of relative maturity based on data
collected at Urbana, IL, and in some cases modified by data from
Rosemount, MN.

Table 2

Stem termination:
D = determinate (stem termination score < 2.0)
N = indeterminate (stem termination score >= 2.5)
S = semi-determinate (stem termination score >= 2.0 and < 2.5)

Flower color
B = blue
P = purple
Dp = dark purple
W = white

Pubescence color
T = tawny
Lt = light tawny
G = gray
Ng = near gray

Pubescence form
A = appressed on leaf surface
E = erect on leaf surface
Sa = semiappressed on leaf surface
Va = very appressed on leaf surface
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Pubescence density
G = glabrous
N = normal density
Sp = sparse
Ssp = semisparse (slightly reduced density, most noticeable on the
pulvinus)
Sdn = semidense

Pod color
Bl = black
Br = brown
Dbr = dark brown
Lbr = light brown
Tn = Tan

Seedcoat luster
B = bloom
Lb = light bloom
D = dull
I = intermediate (between shiny and dull)
S = shiny

Seedcoat and hilum color
Bf = buff
Bl = black
Brbl = variable from brown to black
Br = brown
G = gray
Ggn = gray green
Gn = green
Gnbr = green brown
Ib = imperfect black
Ig = imperfect gray
Rbf = red buff
Rbr = red brown
Tn = tan
Y = yellow

Dark or light shades of these colors are indicated by prefixing the
abbreviations with D or L (e.g., Lbr = light brown).

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