Matthew Zimmern PhD Thesis

277 Pages·2007·2.31 MB·English

HAGIOGRAPHY AND THE CULT OF SAINTS IN THE DIOCESE
OF LIÈGE, C. 700-980
Matthew Zimmern
A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD
at the
University of St. Andrews
2007
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Hagiography and the Cult of Saints in the diocese of Liège,
c. 700-980
By
Matthew Zimmern
Submitted January31st2007in partial fulfilmentof thedegreeof Doctorof
Philosophy
I,Matthew Zimmern,herebycertifythat this thesis, whichis approximately100,000
words inlength,has been writtenbyme,that it is therecordofworkcarried out by
meandthat it has not beensubmittedinanyprevious applicationforahigherdegree.
Date signatureofcandidate
Iwas admittedas a researchstudent inSeptember 2002andas a candidate forthe
degreeofPhDinSeptember2003; thehigherstudyforwhichthis is arecordwas
carriedout intheUniversityofSt Andrews between2002 and2007.
Date signatureofcandidate
Iherebycertifythat thecandidatehas fulfilledthe conditions oftheResolutionand
Regulations appropriateforthedegreeofPhDintheUniversityofSt Andrews and
that thecandidateis qualifiedtosubmit this thesisinapplicationforthat degree.
Date signatureofsupervisor
Insubmittingthis thesis totheUniversityofSt Andrews Iunderstandthat Iam giving
permissionforit tobemadeavailableforuseinaccordancewiththe regulations of
theUniversityLibraryforthetimebeingin force, subject toanycopyright vestedin
theworknot beingaffectedthereby. Ialso understandthat thetitleandabstract will
bepublished,andthat acopyoftheworkmaybe madeandsuppliedtoanybonafide
libraryorresearchworker,that mythesis will beelectronicallyaccessibleforpersonal
orresearchuse,andthat thelibraryhas the right tomigratemythesis intonew
electronic forms as requiredtoensure continuedaccess tothethesis. Ihave obtained
anythirdpartycopyright permissions that maybe requiredinordertoallow such
access andmigration.
Date signatureofcandidate
Contents
Chapters Page Numbers
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Maps
1. Introduction 1-8
PartI:TheEpiscopal Hagiographyof thedioceseof Liège
2.Theepiscopal hagiographyof Liègetothe end oftheeighthcentury 9-52
3.ThelaterLives of Lambert andtheschool of Liège,900-920 53-75
PartII:Reformand thecultof saints
4.Tenthcenturyreform 76-105
5.ThehagiographyofGerardofBrogne’s monasticreform 106-143
PartIII: Patronage, Protection and Identity
6.TheninthandtenthcenturyhagiographyofSt Servatius 144-169
7.ThehistoryandhagiographyofStavelot-Malmédy, c.800-980 170-210
8.Thecult ofsaints indisputes andrivalries 211-246
9.Conclusion 247-251
Bibliography 252-264
Abstract
This thesis takes thehagiographical texts writteninthedioceseof Liègebetween
approximately700and980andexamines them intheirpolitical,social and cultural
context. It analyses thetexts bypayingparticularattentiontohowtheauthors
expressedtheirconcerns about issues that wereimportant tothem throughthe
medium ofhagiographyandthesaints’cults, the purposes forwhichthetexts were
employed andhowthese aims werereflectedintheretellingofsaints’legends. By
takingthis approach,analysingasubstantial bodyofvaluablebut under-studied
sourcematerial over aperiodofthree centuries, foranimportant region,it provides a
newperspectiveona rangeofissues, significant peopleandplaces. The regional
approachhelps toshowthecloseinterconnectedness betweenmanyofthesepeople,
places andtexts, includingthoseconnections that exist overaperiodofcenturies as
well as thosenetworks vital toearlymediaeval societythat existedbetween
contemporaries. Closeexaminationofthebodyof texts highlights theimportanceof
thecult ofsaints at all levels ofsocietyanddemonstrates thevalue andversatilityof
hagiographyas ameans ofstorytelling.
Acknowledgements
FirstlyIwouldliketothankmysupervisors, JuliaSmithandSimonMacLean,Julia
for gettingmestartedon this topicandSimonforhelpingmebringit toaconclusion.
Ishouldalso thank everybodyinthedepartment ofmediaeval historyat St Andrews;
myexaminers, Robert Bartlett andPaul Fouracre; theuniversitylibraries at St
Andrews andCambridge; Wolfert vanEgmond, MarcoMostert andKatyCubitt,for
providingmewithveryuseful advice andsuggestions. Apologies toanybodyI’ve
missed.Finally,thanks tomyfamilyfor all their support.
Abbreviations
Duetoreasons ofspace, all bookandarticletitles inthefootnotes havebeen
abbreviated. Theycanall befoundinthebibliography,but someofthemost
important titles andseries areabbreviated as follows:
AB Analecta Bollandiana
AASS ActaSanctorum
Folcuin, GAL Folcuinof Lobbes, GestaAbbatum
Lobiensium,ed.G.H.Pertz, MGHSS 4(Hanover,
1841),pp.52-74
Halkin&Roland, Chartes deStavelot J. Halkin & C.G. Roland (ed.),
Recueil des Chartes de l’abbaye de
Stavelot-Malmédy(Brussels, 1909)
Jonas, VH Jonas of Orléans, Vita Secunda Sancti
Huberti et Translatio ejus ad
monasterium Andaginense, ed. C. de
Smedt, AASS November I,pp.806-818
MGH -SS MonumentaGermaniae Historica-Scriptores
-SSRM Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum
-SSRG Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum
MSH Miraculorum Sancti Huberti post mortem liber
Primus, ed. C. de Smedt, AASS Nov. vol. I, pp.
819-823
MR MiraculaSancti Remaclii,AASS Sept.vol. I,pp.696-721
PL Patrologia Latina
SermodeAdventu The Sermo de Adventu Sancti Eugenii, ed. D. Misonne,
‘La légende liturgique de la translation de saint Eugène
de Saint-Denis a Brogne’, Revue Bénédictine 74
(1964),98-110
TMP Einhard, Translatio et Miracula Sanctorum Marcellini
et Petri, ed. G. Waitz, MGH SS XV vol. 1 (Hanover,
1888),pp.239-264
VH Vita Huberti, ed. W. Levison, MGH
SSRM VI (Hanover & Leipzig, 1913),
pp.483-496
Virtutes Eugenii Misonne, D., (ed.), ‘Les Miracles de saint
Eugène à Brogne. Étude littéraire et historique.
Nouvelle Édition’, Revue Bénédictine 76
(1966),231-291
VitaAntiquiora Vita Antiquiora Sancti Servatii, ed. C. de Smedt,
G. van Hoof & J. de Backer in ‘Sancti Servatii
Tungrensis episcopi: Vitae Antiquiores tres’,
Analecta Bollandiana1(1882),84-111
VLV Vita Landiberti episcopi Traiectensis
vetustissima, ed. B. Krusch, MGH
SSRM, vol. 6 (Hanover & Leipzig,
1913),pp.353-384
VR Vita Remaclii,ed. B.Krusch,MGHSSRM
V(Hanover & Leipzig,1910),pp.88-108