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Lessons from Failed M&As
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ROBERT V. STEFANOWSKI
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Title:Materialadversechange:lessonsfromfailedM&As/byRobertV.
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Formymom,Imissyou.
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Contents
Introduction:TheRisksandOpportunitiesofDoingaDeal xi
CHAPTER1
WhyBadDealsHappen 1
APracticalApproachtoMergersandAcquisitions 3
ACaseStudy:RBSBuysABNAMRO 4
MotivationsforDeals 5
ACaseStudy:BankofAmericaBuysMerrillLynch 5
UsingM&AtoDivertAttention 12
UsingM&AtoGrowQuickly 12
UsingM&AtoSolveProblems 13
HorizontalandVerticalMergers 14
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Conclusion 16
CHAPTER2
BuyorBuild? 19
ACaseStudy:CommerceBank 21
ACaseStudy:MetroBank 26
IsThereAnythinginBetween? 29
ACaseStudy:DowCorningJointVenture 31
ACaseStudy:BucknellIndustries 32
Conclusion 34
CHAPTER3
LettheBuyerBeware 37
WachoviaBuysGoldenWest 40
AOLTimeWarnerMerger 46
WellsFargoBuysWachovia 48
CHAPTER4
TheOpportunitiesandRisksofExpandingYourBusinessGlobally 51
TelenorIndiaJointVenture 54
Telenor’sGlobalStrategyoverTime 56
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viii CONTENTS
TelenorExpandsintoEasternEurope 57
TelenorPushesintoAsia 59
TheTelenorUnitechJointVenture 61
PostmortemontheTelenorUnitechJointVenture 63
LessonsLearned 64
TrendsfortheFuture 67
CHAPTER5
CultureIsCritical 69
ACaseStudyfromChina 71
ACaseStudyfromJapan 74
ASummaryofOtherBestPractices 76
CHAPTER6
WhoIsBehindtheCurtain? 85
ACaseStudy:LloydsHBOS 87
ACaseStudy:KraftBuysCadbury 96
CHAPTER7
IsItTooLatetoBackOut? 103
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CaseStudyOne:BankofAmericaPurchasesMerrillLynch 106
CaseStudyTwo:AT&T/TMobile 110
CaseStudyThree:VerizonBidsforYahoo 115
Conclusion 116
CHAPTER8
HowtoNegotiateaBetterDeal 119
TenBestPracticesforEffectiveNegotiation 124
CHAPTER9
MakingItRight 135
Background 137
BeStrategic 138
MaintainaRationalOrganizationalStructure 140
StructuretheDealProperly 141
RecognizetheImportanceofBrand 142
EfficientDistribution 143
BewareofCulture 144
HaveFinancingLinedUpinAdvance 145
EstablishanAppropriateM&AApprovalProcess 145
IntegrateEarlyandOften 146
ClearLegalandRegulatoryProcess 146
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