Master of penance : Gratian and the development of penitential thought and law in the twelfth century

576 Pages·2014·2.098 MB·English

by  Larson, Atria A.

Master of Penance
Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Canon Law
Kenneth Pennington, General Editor
Editorial Advisory Board
Uta-Renate Blumenthal, The Catholic University of America
Giles Constable, Institute for Advanced Study
Richard Helmholz, University of Chicago
John E. Lynch, The Catholic University of America
Robert Somerville, Columbia University
Brian Tierney, Cornell University
Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Canon Law
VOLUME 11
Master of Penance
Gratian and the Development
of Penitential Thought and Law
in the Twelfth Century
Atria A. Larson
The Catholic University of America Press
Washington, D.C.
Copyright © 2014
The Catholic University of America Press
All rights reserved
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum re-
quirements of American National Standards for Information
Science—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials,
ANSI Z39.48-1984.
∞
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Larson, Atria A., author.
Master of penance : Gratian and the development of peniten-
tial thought and law in the twelfth century / Atria A. Larson.
pages cm. — (Studies in medieval and early modern canon
law ; volume 11)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8132-2168-7 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Gratian,
active 12th century. Decretum. 2. Penance (Canon law)—
History—To 1500. 3. Penance—History of doctrines—Middle
Ages, 600–1500. I. Title.
KBR1367.L37 2014
262.9'22—dc23 2013024285
To Zoe Claire
meae vitae clarae

Contents
Figures and Table ix
Acknowledgments xi
Author’s Note xv
Abbreviations xvii
Introduction 1
Part I. The Tractatus de penitentia of Gratian’s Decretum
1. Distinctio 1: Contrition or Confession—What Remits Sins? 35
2. Distinctio 2: Regaining Love Like David or Losing Love
Like Satan 100
3. Distinctio 3: Sin and the Nature of True Penance 136
4. Distinctio 4: When Forgiven Sins Come Back to
Haunt You 168
5. Distinctiones 5–7: True Penance, Proper Confessor-Priests,
and Secure Death 204
6. Penance in Practice: Extra–De penitentia Texts on
Penance in the Decretum 237
7. From Discipulus Anselmi to Magister clericorum 271
Part II. The Reception of Gratian’s Tractatus de penitentia
8. From One Master to Another: Peter Lombard’s Usage
of Gratian’s De penitentia 315
viii Contents
9. De penitentia in the Classroom (1): The Early Reception,
1140–1170 343
10. De penitentia in the Classroom (2): Paris and Bologna
at the End of the Twelfth Century 382
11. Moving beyond the Classroom: De penitentia in England
and Southern France, 1160–1190 411
12. De penitentia outside the Classroom: The Papal Curia,
1159–1215 436
Conclusion 487
Appendixes
A. The Progressive Formation of De penitentia D.7 cc.2–4 501
B. Overlapping Texts between Peter Lombard, Sent. 4.14–22
and the Decretum 507
C. Adaptatio ab Omnibono Tractatus de penitentia Gratiani 511
D. De penitentia in Celestine III’s Decretal Cum non ab homine 517

Bibliography 519

Indexes
Index of Decretum Gratiani Manuscripts 543
Index of Canon Law Citations 545
General Index 549
Figures and Table
Figure 5-1. Fd fols. 98vb–99rb (main body) 227
Figure 5-2. Fd fol. 162rb (appendix) and right-hand margin 231
Table B-1. Peter Lombard’s Sentences on Penance and
Gratian’s Decretum 508
ix