Maria Czaplicka: Gender, Shamanism, Race

617 Pages·2020·34.031 MB·English

by  Grażyna Kubica

Maria Czaplicka
Critical Studies in the History of Anthropology
Series Editors
Regna Darnell
Robert Oppenheim
Maria Czaplicka
Gender, Shamanism, Race
Grażyna Kubica
Translated by Ben Koschalka
University of Nebraska Press
Lincoln
Maria Czaplicka: Płeć, szamanizm, rasa. Biografia
antropologiczna © 2015 by Publishing House of the
Jagiellonian University
English translation © 2020 by Grażyna Kubica
All rights reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Kubica, Grażyna, author. | Koschalka, Ben,
translator.
Title: Maria Czaplicka: gender, shamanism, race / Grażyna
Kubica; translated by Ben Koschalka.
Other titles: Maria Czaplicka. English
Description: Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [2020] |
Series: Critical studies in the history of anthropology |
Originally published as “Maria Czaplicka: Płeć, szamanizm,
rasa” in 2015 by Publishing House of the Jagiellonian
University. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: lccn 2019057912
isbn 9781496222619 (hardback)
isbn 9781496223173 (epub)
isbn 9781496223180 (mobi)
isbn 9781496223197 (pdf)
Subjects: lcsh: Czaplicka, Marie Antoinette, 1884–
1921. | Women anthropologists— Poland— Biography. |
Ethnology— Russia (Federation)— Siberia. | Shamanism. |
Siberia (Russia)— Social life and customs— 20th century.
Classification: lcc gn21.c97 k8313 2020 |
ddc 301.092 [B]— dc23
lc record available at https:// lccn .loc .gov /2019057912
Set in Minion Pro by Mikala R. Kolander.
Translation approved by the author.
Contents
List of Illustrations . . vii
Series Editors’ Introduction . . xi
Acknowledgments . . xv
Abbreviations . . xvii
Introduction: Women in Anthropology, Biographies
in Academia . . 1
1. History of Anthropology as a Contemporary Research Field . . 13
2. The Anthropological Biography as a New Genre of
Historical Writing . . 27
3. Why Her, Why Me, and Methods of Research and
Sources Review . . 35
4. The Warsaw Radical Intelligentsia at the End of the
Long Nineteenth Century . . 43
5. Maria Czaplicka’s Family Background and Polish Youth . . 60
6. Love, a Novel, and Poetry in Zakopane . . 72
7. Female Anthropologists in the British Association for the
Advancement of Science . . 99
8. Women in the Royal Anthropological Institute, Folklore Society,
and Royal Geographical Society . . 115
9. London Studies and the Beginnings of Czaplicka’s
English Career . . 131
10. Robert Marett and Anthropological Research on Religion . . 156
11. The Ups and Downs of Anthropological Racial Discourse . . 173
12. The Oxford School of Anthropology and Work on
Aboriginal Siberia . . 193
13. Preparations for the Siberian Expedition and Its Participants . . 227
14. Summer on the Yenisei and Everyday Fieldwork . . 247
15. Winter in the Tundra and the Results of the Expedition . . 270
16. Czaplicka’s Shamanism in Theory and Practice . . 294
17. Deconstructing the Concept of “Arctic Hysteria” . . 320
18. Shamans and the Discourse of the Third Sex . . 333
19. The Intrepid Traveler Returns . . 347
20. Physical Anthropology and the Concept of Race in
Czaplicka’s Research . . 366
21. My Siberian Year as a Work of Literary Ethnographic Writing . . 383
22. Feeling at Home at Lady Margaret Hall and a New Life
as an Oxford University Lecturer . . 392
23. A Trip Home and the Situation in Polish Ethnology . . 413
24. An Anthropologist Engaged in the Public Debate . . 421
25. America and Disillusionment . . 438
26. Another Visit to Poland, Work in Bristol,
and a Tragic Decision . . 453
27. Research on Shamanism after Czaplicka and
the Response to Her Work . . 476
28. “Through Arctic Siberia with My Camera,” or Biographies
of Maria Czaplicka’s Field Photographs . . 490
29. Life after Life . . 515
Conclusion: Czaplicka as a Person and the
Social Processes in Her Life . . 531
Notes . . 545
References . . 553
Index . . 579
Illustrations
1. Maria Czaplicka’s Siberian collection . . 38
2. Exhibition of Maria Czaplicka . . 40
3. Warsaw, Old Town . . 44
4. Wacław Nałkowski . . 48
5. Ludwik Krzywicki with seminar students . . 56
6. Scientific Courses Society . . 57
7. Warsaw, Terespol station . . 63
8. Polish women’s movement activists . . 65
9. Winter on skis . . 75
10. Władysław Orkan . . 76
11. One part of Angels Are Standing on Country Fields . . 78
12. Cover of Olek Niedziela . . 94
13. Postcard to Orkan, November 4, 1910 . . 134
14. Postcard to Orkan, February 8, 1911 . . 143
15. Postcard to Orkan, May 4, 1911 . . 144
16. Bronisław Malinowski . . 153
17. Lecturers of the Oxford School of Anthropology . . 157
18. Images of women of various races . . 175
19. Instruments for anthropometric measurements . . 180
20. Somerville Hall . . 194
21. Members of Somerville College . . 195
22. Emily Penrose . . 207
23. Postcard to Orkan, September 15, 1912 . . 210
24. Postcard to Orkan, November 23, 1912 . . 211
25. Cutting from Tygodnik Ilustrowany . . 242
26. Map of Siberia with expedition route . . 248
27. Czaplicka during her travels . . 250
28. Ket fishing village . . 253
29. Participants of the Yenisei Expedition . . 254
30. Mikhail Antonov’s house in Golchikha . . 255
31. Group of Nganasans . . 256
32. Sotnikov, a Dolgan . . 258
33. Envelope of Czaplicka’s letter sent
from Yeniseysk to Emily Penrose . . 259
34. Czaplicka’s note sent from Turukhansk to Emily Penrose . . 261
35. Nenets children . . 262
36. Nenets couple . . 264
37. Nganasan grave . . 265
38. Czaplicka riding a reindeer, Dolgan style . . 266
39. The anthropologists in Evenki clothing . . 271
40. Expedition reindeer team . . 273
41. Czaplicka’s Evenk companion, Michikha . . 277
42. Czaplicka’s Evenk- language teacher, Mikhail Suslov . . 280
43. Chunga, former Evenk prince cursed by a shaman . . 282
44. Evenk women and children . . 283
45. Czaplicka and Hall with their collections . . 284
46. Czaplicka in a tarantass . . 287
47. Ket shaman . . 312
48. Ket shaman . . 313
49. Evenk shaman . . 315
50. Hall in Siberian clothing with a shaman’s drum . . 318
51. Elements of Czaplicka’s Siberian collection . . 349
52. Emil Otto Hoppé’s portrait of Czaplicka . . 350
53. One of the buildings of Lady Margaret Hall . . 359
54. Henrietta Jex- Blake . . 360
55. Anthropometric photograph of a Nganasan . . 369
56. Anthropometric photograph of a Nganasan . . 370
57. Title page of My Siberian Year . . 385
58. Czaplicka in a Polish folk costume with friends . . 393
59. Article about Czaplicka in the Sun (New York) . . 423
60. Barnard College students lunch at Fiske Hall . . 440
61. Virginia Gildersleeve . . 441
62. University of Bristol academic community . . 456
63. Clifton Hill House . . 458
64. University of Bristol lecture rooms and library . . 466
65. Portrait of Maria Czaplicka from Na straży praw kobiety . . 473
66. The author at Maria Czaplicka’s grave . . 474
67. Anthropometric photograph of a woman . . 501
68. Anthropometric photograph of a woman . . 502
69. Ket archer . . 504
70. Evenks with reindeer . . 505
71. Woman in front of a chum . . 506
72. Evenks in Russian costumes . . 508
73. Original photograph of Nenets on a ship . . 510
74. Manipulated photograph of Nenets . . 511