Manual of First and Second Fixing Carpentry, Second Edition

279 Pages·2007·4.69 MB·English

by  Les Goring

Manual of First &
Second Fixing Carpentry
Second Edition
This page intentionally left blank
Manual of First &
Second Fixing Carpentry
Second Edition
Les Goring
FIOC, LCG, FTC
Associate ofthe Chartered Institute ofBuilding
Former Senior Lecturer in Wood Trades at Hastings College ofArts and Technology
Drawings by the author
AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD
PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier Ltd
Linacre House,Jordan Hill,Oxford OX2 8DP
30 Corporate Road,Burlington,MA 01803
First edition 1998
Reprinted 2000,2002,2003,2004 (twice) 2005
Second edition 2007
Copyright © 2007,Les Goring.Published by Elsevier Limited.All rights reserved
The right of Les Goring to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance
with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988
No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or
by any means electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording or otherwise without the prior written
permission of the publisher
Permission may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford,
UK:phone ((cid:1)44) (0) 1865 843830;fax ((cid:1)44) (0) 1865 853333;email:[email protected].
Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at
http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions,and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material
Notice
No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property
as a matter of products liability,negligence or otherwise,or from any use or operation of any methods,
products,instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.Because of rapid advances in the
medical sciences,in particular,independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN:978-0-75-068115-5
For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications
visit our website at www.books.elsevier.com
Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd (A Macmillan Company),Chennai,India
www.charontec.com
Printed and bound in the UK
07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Mary,Penny,Jon and Jenny,and other Gorings
of whom there are many
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xiv
Abbreviations xv
Technical Data xvi
1 Reading Construction Drawings 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Orthographic Projection 3
1.3 Oblique Projections 5
2 Tools Required: their Care and Proper Use 8
2.1 Introduction 8
2.2 Marking and Measuring 8
2.3 Handsaws 12
2.4 Hammers 15
2.5 Screwdrivers 16
2.6 Marking Gauges 16
2.7 Chisels 17
2.8 Oilstones and Diamond Whetstones 18
2.9 Hand Planes 19
2.10 Ratchet Brace 20
2.11 Bits and Drills 20
2.12 Individual Handtools 23
2.13 Portable Powered and Cordless Circular Saws 24
2.14 Powered and Cordless Drills and Screwdrivers 25
2.15 Powered and Cordless Planers 26
2.16 Powered and Cordless Jigsaws 27
2.17 Powered and Cordless SDS Rotary Hammer Drills 28
2.18 Powered (Portable) Routers 28
2.19 Jigs 29
2.20 Nailing Guns 30
viii Contents
3 Carpentry Fixing-Devices 34
3.1 Introduction 34
3.2 Nails and Pins 34
3.3 Screws and Plugs 36
3.4 Cavity Fixings 40
4 Making a Carpenter’s Tool Box 41
4.1 Introduction 41
4.2 Construction 41
5 Making Builder’s Plant for Site Use 45
5.1 Saw Stool 45
5.2 Nail Boxes 53
5.3 Hop-ups 54
5.4 Board and Stand 55
5.5 Builder’s Square 56
5.6 Straightedges and Concrete-levelling Boards 58
5.7 Plumb Rules 59
6 Fixing Door Frames, Linings and Doorsets 60
6.1 Introduction 60
6.2 Fixing Door Frames 62
6.3 Frame Detail 64
6.4 Fixing Door Linings 65
6.5 Setting Up Internal Frames Prior to Building Block-partitions 68
6.6 Storey Frames 69
6.7 Subframes 69
6.8 Built-up Linings 70
6.9 Moisture Effect from Wet Plastering Methods 70
6.10 Doorsets 71
6.11 Fire-resisting Doorsets 72
7 Fixing Wooden and uPVC Windows 74
7.1 Introduction 74
7.2 Casement Windows 74
7.3 Glazing 75
7.4 Window Boards 76
7.5 Boxframe Windows 78
8 Fixing Floor Joists and Flooring 80
8.1 Introduction 80
8.2 Ground Floors 81
Contents ix
8.3 Laying T&G Timber Boarding 84
8.4 Floating Floor (with Continuous Support) 85
8.5 Floating Floor (with Discontinuous Support) 85
8.6 Fillet or Battened Floors 86
8.7 Beam-and-Block Floor 87
8.8 Engineered-Timber Floors 87
8.9 Upper Floors 88
8.10 Strutting 91
8.11 Fitting and Fixing Timber Joists 94
8.12 Fixing Flooring Panels on Joists 94
8.13 Fitting and Fixing Engineered Joists 95
8.14 Posi-Joist™ Steel-Web System 98
8.15 Overlay Flooring 101
9 Fixing Interior and Exterior Timber Grounds 104
9.1 Introduction 104
9.2 Skirting Grounds 104
9.3 Architrave Grounds 105
9.4 Apron-lining Grounds 105
9.5 Wall-panelling Grounds 105
9.6 Framed Grounds 106
9.7 External Grounds 106
10 Fixing Stairs and Balustrades 107
10.1 Introduction 107
10.2 Installation Procedure 108
10.3 Fixing Tapered Steps 116
10.4 Fixing Balustrades 118
11 Stair Regulations Guide to Design and Construction 122
11.1 The Building Regulations 2000 122
12 Constructing Traditional and Modern Roofs 131
12.1 Introduction 131
12.2 Basic Roof Designs 132
12.3 Roof Components and Terminology 132
12.4 Basic Setting-out Terms 138
12.5 Geometrical Setting-out of a Hipped Roof 140
12.6 Roofing Ready Reckoner 141
12.7 Metric Rafter Square 143
12.8 Alternative Method for the Use of the Metric Rafter Square 144
12.9 Bevel-formulas for Roofing Square 146