Table Of ContentMANUAFLO R
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
EVALUATION
SHERMANR OSEN
J.
MANUAL
FOR
ENVIRONMENTA L
IMPACT
EVALUATION
MANUAL
FOR
ENVIRONMENTA L
IMPACT
EVALUATION
SHERMAN J. ROSEN
PRENTICE-HALL, INC.
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
ROSEN, SHERMAN J (date)
Manual for environmental impact evaluation.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Environmental impact statements. I. Title.
TD194.5.R67 363.6 75-20647
© 1976 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
All rights reserved. No part of this book
may be reproduced in any form or by any means
without permission in writing from the publisher.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Printed in the United States of America
PRENTICE-HALL INTERNATIONAL, INC., London
PRENTICE-HALL OF AUSTRALIA, PTY. LTD., Sydney
PRENTICE-HALL OF CANADA, LTD., Toronto
PRENTICE-HALL OF INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED, New Delhi
PRENTICE-HALL OF JAPAN, INC., Tokyo
PRENTICE-HALL OF SOUTH EAST ASIA, PTE. LTD., Singapore
CONTENTS
Preface vii
1 Introduction 1
2 Background 4
3 History of Project Review 10
4 The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 12
5 Public Participation and Agency Coordination 31
6 Assessment Concepts 36
7 Pollution Possibilities 47
8 Ecological and Environmental Inventory 63
9 Socio-Economics 74
10 Land Use 79
11 Historic and Archeological Sites 82
12 Graphic Aids - Remote Sensing 85
13 The Draft Environmental Statement 91
14 Public Meetings and Hearings 96
15 The Final Statement 99
16 Author's Note 101
V
vi Contents
Appendices
I National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 103
2 Council on Environmental Quality Guidelines 111
3 Office of Management Circular A-95, Revised 147
4 National List of State Clearinghouses 167
5 Section 4(f) 173
6 Mathematical Evaluation System 177
7 Sample Draft Environmental Statement 189
Index 229
PREFACE
The passage of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
fostered the need for environmental evaluation or assessment.
Ground rules and guidance were almost non existent as only
the intent of the law was firmly established, leaving such minor
difficulties as interpretation, procedure, scope and format to over
come.
To fill this void representatives of almost every interest and
discipline were recruited or volunteered to act as practitioners of
the new mystic "science."
Since that time many of the more pressing problems have been
brought under control and a semblance of order has started to so
lidify.
During that period a greater interest in the evaluation process
was generated throughout the scientific world as well as in all levels
of government. However, no base book was available to even ac
quaint those people to the intricacies of this fledgling field.
The need was truly dramatic; not so the literary efforts which
required almost four years to finalize as philosophy, requirements,
techniques and procedures were in a state of flux.
vii
viii Preface
The need is still, in my opinion, dramatic; however, the manual
is complete and hopefully will serve its intended purpose of intro
ducing the evaluation process and some supporting rationale.
A full text on this subject matter with its broad range of en
vironmental factors, relationships, and interrelationships will some
day be published. However, in the interim I am hopeful this manual
will serve as an introduction to the subject.
I wish to thank the following friends and associates for their
time, efforts, and generous contributions without which this manual
would never have been completed: Dr. Richard Wagner, Robert
Blanco, Thomas Maurer, Joseph Layton, Prof. William King, Dr.
David Long, Michael Oslac, Dr. Robert Scherer, Dr. Hayes Gamble,
Dr. Ronald Shelton, and John V. Buffington, Attorney-at-Law, who
wrote the chapter on NEPA Law. I also want to thank my doctoral
committee: Dean Charles Olson, Prof. William Johnson, Dr. William
Bentley, and Dr. Richard Andrews. Thanks also to my intrepid
typist, Mrs. Doris DeHart; draftsman, Glenn E. Toberman; and
finally to my wife Frances who spent many hours without her
husband.
J.
SHERMAN ROSEN
I
INTRODUCTION
And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying: "There is both good news and
bad news. The good news is that plagues shall smite your Egyptian
oppressors. The Nile shall be turned to blood, and frogs and locusts
shall cover the fields,a nd gnats and -flies shall infest the Pharaoh's
people, and their cattle shall die and rot in the pastures, and hail and
darkness shall visit punishment upon the land of Egypt! Then will I
lead the children of Israel forth, parting the waters of the Red Sea so
that they may cross, and thereafter strewing the desert with manna
so that they may eat."
And Moses said, "O Lord, that's wonderful/ But tell me, what's
the bad news?"
And the Lord God replied, "It will be up to you, Moses, to
write the environmental-impact statement." 0
Section 102 ( 2 )( c) of the National Environmental Policy Act of
1969 1 requires an environmental evaluation of the major federal
actions that could significantly affect environmental quality. The
review is known as the NEPA assessment process, and the resulting
document is called an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) .
0 Originally appeared in PLAYBOY Magazine; copyright © 1975 by Playboy.
1 Appendix 1.
1
