Table Of ContentMandibular
Implant Prostheses
Guidelines for
Edentulous Geriatric
Populations
Elham Emami
Jocelyne Feine
Editors
123
Mandibular Implant Prostheses
Elham Emami · Jocelyne Feine
Editors
Mandibular Implant
Prostheses
Guidelines for Edentulous
Geriatric Populations
Editors
Elham Emami Jocelyne Feine
Faculty of Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry
McGill University McGill University
Montréal Montréal
Québec Québec
Canada Canada
Faculty of Dentistry
Université de Montréal
Montréal
Québec
Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-71179-9 ISBN 978-3-319-71181-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71181-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018934959
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
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Preface
One of the greatest challenges for oral health-care professionals is to provide
a denture that is acceptable to completely edentate individuals. This task
becomes even more difficult when treating elderly patients.
The geriatric population worldwide is increasing at a significant rate, thereby
creating more demand for implant prostheses from our seniors. This population
may also suffer from other physical and psychological conditions or multiple
chronic diseases that necessitate a comprehensive risk assessment and effective
health and oral health-care management.
In the past two decades, implant technology development has produced
key solutions for the management of care for patients with maladaptive issues
with their dentures, especially with the mandibular denture. Mandibular
implant overdentures have improved the quality of life of many patients by
offering them better functional capability, stability, and comfort.
For this book, we gathered a number of internationally recognized dental
specialists and scientists to share their expertise and experience with man-
dibular implant overdentures for the geriatric population.
The book can be used both in academia for teaching purposes and in daily
clinical practice.
The principles have been classified into four parts: considerations for
treatment planning, surgical phase, prosthetic phase, and treatment assess-
ment—clinician and patient perspectives. The sequence of the parts is
designed in such a way that practicing dentists and dental undergraduate and
postgraduate students can use this book to understand when mandibular
implant prostheses are needed and to identify various physiologic and psy-
chosocial characteristics of elders that should be considered during treatment
planning. The book will also bring readers up to date on the clinical tech-
niques needed for a successful mandibular implant-assisted overdenture and
help them to avoid the mistakes that can occur during the surgical and pros-
thetic phases. Dentists can also plan to maintain the functionality of such
prostheses as long as possible, considering both patient-based and clinical
evidence regarding important outcomes. In some chapters, pictures, illustra-
tions and graphics have been used to help readers better understand the prin-
ciples and the methods.
We are grateful to our book’s co-authors for accepting our invitation
and joining in this scientific journey. We thank and congratulate all of them
for their unique and precious contributions to this book. We also thank
their—and our—families for their forbearance and enthusiastic support.
v
vi Preface
We wish to thank Springer Nature for recognizing the need for such a
publication and for their help in the publication process.
Finally, we hope that you will enjoy this book as much as we have.
Montréal, QC, Canada Elham Emami
Fall 2017 Jocelyne Feine
Contents
Part I Considerations for Treatment Planning
1 Edentulism and the Demise of Dentures:
Facts and Fallacies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Lyndon F. Cooper
2 The Aging Body and Nutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Angus William Gilmour Walls
3 Physical and Cognitive Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Frauke Müller and Martin Schimmel
4 P harmacological Risk Assessment for Dental Implants . . . . . . . . . 37
Xixi Wu and Faleh Tamimi
5 Preoperative Radiological Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Matthieu Schmittbuhl
6 Clinical Assessment of Edentate Elders
for Mandibular Implant Overdentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Charlotte Stilwell
7 Prosthetic Options: Fixed and Removable Overdentures . . . . . . . 95
Elham Emami and Pierre-Luc Michaud
Part II Surgical Phase
8 Step-by-Step Surgical Considerations and Techniques . . . . . . . . 107
Robert Durand and René Voyer
9 Bone Grafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Zeeshan Sheikh, Siavash Hasanpour, and Michael Glogauer
10 Loading Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Mélanie Menassa and Thomas T. Nguyen
Part III Prosthetic Phase
11 Fundamental Surgical and Prosthetic Principles
of Mandibular Implant Assisted Prostheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Samer Abi Nader and Samer Mesmar
vii
viii Contents
12 Case Presentation: Implant Retained Mandibular Prostheses . . . 201
Samer Abi Nader and Samer Mesmar
13 Case Presentation: Implant- Supported Removable
Mandibular Prostheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Samer Abi Nader and Meng François Seng
14 Case Presentation: Implant-Supported Fixed
Mandibular Prostheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Samer Abi Nader and Samer Mesmar
15 Occlusal Consideration for Mandibular Implant
Overdentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Igor J. Pesun
Part IV Treatment Assessment: Clinician and Patient Perspectives
16 Clinical Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Raphael F. de Souza
17 Patient-Based Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Janice S. Ellis, Wafa A. A. Kashbour, and J. Mark Thomason
Part I
Considerations for Treatment Planning
1
Edentulism and the Demise
of Dentures: Facts and Fallacies
Lyndon F. Cooper
Abstract The aim of this chapter is to investigate the
The worldwide prevalence of dental caries and reported knowledge regarding the epidemiology
periodontal diseases has not diminished. If of complete tooth loss or edentulism and the cur-
edentulism is related to these leading causes rent data regarding denture therapy. If there is, as
of tooth loss, then it might be anticipated that predicted by epidemiological studies of edentu-
the prevalence of edentulism has also not lism and tooth loss, a dramatic decline in the inci-
diminished. Beyond biofilm-mediated disease dence in edentulism, then there should be a
as a main etiology of tooth loss, the prevalence reduction in the number of dentures provided.
of edentulism has been and remains associated Tooth loss is attributed to several causes that
with rural dwelling, education level, and are frequently and primarily reported as caries,
socioeconomic status. Its prevalence varies periodontal disease, and trauma. Factors associ-
across regions and the world. As such, over- ated with edentulism have repeatedly been identi-
simplification fails to recognize the significant fied and include age, socioeconomic status, and
issues edentulism brings to society and health- urban/rural residence. A complex interaction
care professions. The future of edentulism and among these predictors varies among diverse
the provision of dentures will be informed by populations [1]. Therapeutic and iatrogenic
multiple factors including the increased num- extraction of teeth has also been noted. An early
bers of retained yet unrestored and diseased epidemiological report derived from NHANES I
teeth, the impact of comorbid diseases, the data stated that the incidence of edentulism was
chronicity of oral diseases and increased lon- correlated with baseline measures of lower
gevity, and the complex issues of access to income and education status, poorer oral health,
care. Edentulism represents one symptom of self-perceptions of poor general health and oral
adult health-care disparities that requires edu- health, absence of a regular dentist, and a lower
cation, further study, and action. number of remaining teeth at baseline [2].
Implied is the idea that the prevalence of these
diagnosis-based causes of tooth loss can precede
and predict further tooth loss and edentulism.
Suggested was that the loss of teeth was a predic-
tor of future total tooth loss or edentulism.
L. F. Cooper, D.D.S., Ph.D.
Highlighting the level of disease in the early
Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at
1990s, Caplan and Weintraub [3] reported that
Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
e-mail: [email protected] 40% of individuals older than 65 years were
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 3
E. Emami, J. Feine (eds.), Mandibular Implant Prostheses,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71181-2_1
